北阿尔金喀孜萨依二长花岗岩成因及其构造意义

喀孜萨依二长花岗岩出露于北阿尔金蛇绿混杂岩带北缘,为探讨其成因、源区特征及构造环境,本文对其进行了岩石学、锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素及岩石地球化学等方面的研究。研究结果表明,喀孜萨依二长花岗岩主要由石英、斜长石、钾长石、角闪石、黑云母等矿物组成,岩体侵位时代为425～423 Ma,铝饱和指数A/CNK为0.97～1.07,属弱过铝质钙碱性-高钾钙碱性岩石,P2O5与SiO2含量呈负相关,具I型花岗岩特征。轻稀土富集而重稀土亏损,Eu异常不明显,岩石富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K等元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素。锆石εHf(t)值为+2.65～+6.23,二阶段模式年龄tDM2为1015～1243Ma,其源岩主要来自新生地壳。结合区域构造背景,喀孜萨依二长花岗岩体可能形成于碰撞后伸展环境。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格阿确墩地区侵入岩U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

祁漫塔格地区岩浆岩的成岩时代和形成环境的确定能对东昆仑造山带加里东期构造演化时限加以约束.对祁漫塔格西北部阿确墩地区石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩进行了年代学和岩石地球化学研究,结果显示,石英闪长岩属准铝质-弱过铝质钙碱性系列岩石;轻重稀土分馏明显,具中等-轻微铕负异常（δEu=0.79~0.90）;相对富集Rb、K、Hf、Zr、Tb、Nd等元素,不同程度地亏损Ba、P、Ti、Nd、Ta、Y;具有I型花岗岩类特征.二长花岗岩属弱过铝质钙碱性系列岩石;轻重稀土分异程度极大,具明显铕负异常（δEu=0.42~0.45）;富集大离子亲石元素（如Rb、K、La、Ce、Nd、Tb等）,亏损高场强元素（P、Ti、Nd、Ta）和Ba、Sr、U等元素;为高分异I型花岗岩.Nd/Th、Nb/Ta、Mg#值等指标显示石英闪长岩为壳源特征且受到幔源岩浆的影响,推测是幔源岩浆底侵地壳物质发生部分熔融形成的;二长花岗岩则是壳源的,可能与幔源岩浆底侵诱发的上地壳物质部分熔融有关,且经历了强烈的结晶分离作用.石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为448.8±3.9 Ma和405.2±3.6 Ma,代表其形成时代.石英闪长岩总体显示出与俯冲消减作用有关的岛弧岩浆岩地球化学特征;二长花岗岩在构造环境图解中显示为碰撞背景,但微量元素与同碰撞花岗岩典型特征不符,综合分析认为形成于后碰撞构造背景下.结合区域构造演化,推测东昆仑祁漫塔格地区在晚奥陶世持续处于俯冲消减环境中,早泥盆世之前进入后碰撞造山阶段.      

黑龙江霍龙门地区早古生代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及构造意义

黑龙江霍龙门地区位于兴蒙造山带东部的兴安地块和松嫩地块接触带上,区内发育有早古生代花岗岩,岩性主要为二长闪长岩、石英二长闪长岩。对研究区内的2个二长闪长岩进行SHRIMP锆石U—Pb定年,结果分别为(440.6±5.8)Ma、(471.3±8.7)Ma,表明其形成于中—晚奥陶世。该时代花岗岩的主量元素具有高钠、中-高钾、略富铝、富镁、钙的特征;微量元素表现出K、Ba、Rb明显富集,而Nb、Ta、P、Ti明显亏损的特征;稀土元素具有明显的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,呈弱的负Eu异常,轻重稀土元素分馏程度较弱,稀土配分曲线较为平缓。花岗岩的R_1-R_2构造环境判别图解与微量元素(Yb+Nb)-Rb、Y-Nb构造环境判别图解显示,该期发育的早古生代花岗岩为后造山或碰撞后环境,结合本区所处的构造环境推测研究区内早古生代花岗岩应为兴安地块向北移动拼贴额尔古纳地块俯冲、挤压过程中形成的后造山或碰撞后阶段的产物。     

柴达木盆地北缘塔塔楞环斑花岗岩的SHRIMP年龄

塔塔楞环斑花岗岩套侵位于柴达木北缘加里东构造带中,面积达350km2,是我国最大的环斑花岗岩体。锆石SHRIMPU-Pb法测得其地质年龄为440±14Ma,属加里东期,晚于柴北缘UP-UPF榴辉岩、岛弧火山岩及俯冲型花岗岩的时代约30-50Ma左右,形成于造山运动由挤压造山向后碰撞拉张体制的转折构造环境,代表了加里东运动的终结。榴辉岩—岛弧型火山岩—俯冲花岗岩—环斑花岗岩共同构成了柴北缘构造岩浆演化的完整旋回。塔塔楞环斑花岗岩的发现和时代的准确确定对认识柴北缘加里东构造带的构造演化特征和物质组成具有重要科学意义,为阐明柴达木北缘加里东运动的构造演化和结束提供了重要的岩石学约束。     

北阿尔金早古生代同碰撞花岗质岩浆记录及其对增生造山过程的启示

本文对出露在北阿尔金的喀腊大湾似斑状花岗岩、沟口泉似斑状二长花岗岩、卓尔布拉克花岗岩和木孜萨依白云母花岗岩进行了详细的岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究。地球化学特征显示喀腊大湾似斑状花岗岩具有高硅和钠,低铁、镁和钙的特征,铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为1.03～1.04,属弱过铝质I-S过渡型花岗岩;沟口泉似斑状二长花岗岩和卓尔布拉克花岗岩具有相对高的钠含量和准铝质-弱过铝质特征,表现为I型花岗岩;木孜萨依白云母花岗岩具有高硅、富碱、富集Rb、Th和LREE,亏损Ba、Sr、Ti和Eu特征,铝饱和指数大于1.1,属过铝质S型花岗岩。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示4个岩体的年龄分别为432.4±4.9Ma、432.8±4.1Ma、439.6±3.5Ma和437.3±2.4Ma。结合区域地质资料和构造判别图解,揭示这4个岩体均形成于同碰撞构造背景下,表明北阿尔金洋最终关闭以及洋陆转换的时间节点应为445～440Ma。锆石Hf同位素结果显示沟口泉似斑状二长花岗岩和卓尔布拉克花岗岩岩浆起源于新生地壳物质的部分熔融;喀腊大湾似斑状花岗岩起源于变杂砂岩部分熔融,木孜萨依白云母花岗岩起源于变泥质岩石的低程度部分熔融;但喀腊大湾似斑状花岗岩和木孜萨依白云母花岗岩ε_(Hf)(t)值分别为+0.18～+5.88和-6.47～+4.52,反映二者的岩浆源区也均有新生地壳物质的加入。上述这些特征与北祁连早古生代同碰撞花岗岩体具有良好的可对比性,进一步支持二者曾作为统一的整体经历了洋盆裂解-扩张-俯冲-闭合造山等构造演化过程。     

东天山巴里坤地区早石炭世高镁闪长岩的确定及地质意义

东天山巴里坤地区两个闪长岩体分别获得327 Ma 和333 Ma 的LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄,代表早石炭世一期岩浆活动。这些岩体具中等略高的SiO₂（51.33%～62.48%）、高MgO（2.04%～11.16%）、高TiO₂（0.67%～1.29%）、富钠（Na₂O/K₂O = 1.39～2.95）,相对富集LILE和LREE、贫HFSE,亏损Nb、富集Pb,具中等略高的轻重稀土分馏,无或弱负铕异常的右倾谱型,与赞岐质高镁闪长岩相同。岩体基本没有受到陆壳物质混染,其锆石ε_Hf（t）均为正值,且变化范围较大,指示来自受富集组分改造的亏损地幔。结合岩石中出现较多角闪石等含水矿物以及Pb富集,证明它们来自俯冲带之上有流体加入的地幔楔,高的TiO₂和中等略高的轻重稀土分馏进一步表明,是俯冲消减板片部分熔融的长英质熔体与地幔橄榄岩相互作用后,交代改造地幔熔融岩浆侵位的产物。结合区域同期弧火山岩和花岗岩类的形成,以及于晚石炭世-二叠纪广泛出现碰撞/后碰撞高钾花岗岩、A 型花岗岩以及镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体和基性岩脉的研究认为,博格达-哈尔里克构造带在早石炭世处于与大洋俯冲消减有关的岛弧环境,此后于晚石炭世晚期-早二叠世开始转入后碰撞伸展的构造环境。     

中祁连西段野马山岩基年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

野马山岩基位于中祁连地块西段,由早期岩体(花岗闪长岩、斑状二长花岗岩)和晚期岩体(二长花岗岩)组成,二者呈侵入接触。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年表明,早期岩体侵位时代为中奥陶世((469.0±1.3)Ma),晚期岩体侵位时代为晚奥陶世((450.0±1.0)Ma)。早期岩体Si O2=59.8%~64.2%,K2O/Na2O1,且A/NKC=0.8~1.0,为准铝质岩石;微量元素相对富集Rb、U、Th和亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti;稀土总量为97.7×10-6~185×10-6,且(La/Yb)N=5.57~12.47,LREE/HREE=7.7~11.3,具轻重稀土分馏明显,轻稀土富集,弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.66~0.89)特征。晚期岩体Si O2=69.8%~76.5%、K2O/Na2O=1.2~1.7、A/NKC=1.0~1.1,属弱过铝质花岗岩;稀土总量为78.97×10-6~244.92×10-6,轻重稀土分馏不明显((La/Yb)N=1.90~5.72),强Eu负异常(δEu=0.11~0.24)。岩石地球化学特征表明,野马山岩基早期岩体为I型花岗岩,形成于俯冲环境,晚期岩体为高分异的I型花岗岩,形成于后碰撞环境。结合岩体产出的区域构造位置及区域地质演化,认为早古生代北祁连洋发生了双向俯冲,野马山岩基为其向南俯冲碰撞的产物。     

滇西北格咱岛弧带南缘铜厂沟斑岩铜钼矿床花岗闪长斑岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

云南格咱岛弧构造-岩浆成矿带是义敦岛弧的重要组成部分,属于西南三江地区铜多金属矿床富集区之一。对格咱岛弧南缘铜厂沟成矿斑岩的岩石学、地球化学特征及锆石U-Pb年龄进行了研究,系统分析了区内花岗岩的岩石成因、形成的构造环境及成岩成矿的地球动力学背景。铜厂沟成矿斑岩主要为花岗闪长斑岩,用LA-ICP-MS测得其中锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为87.62±0.59Ma。岩石地球化学特征表明,铜厂沟花岗闪长斑岩具有高硅、富碱、富钾的特点,属于高钾钙碱性岩石系列;岩石具有较高的稀土元素总量;富集轻稀土元素,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,δEu为0.89~0.97,具较弱的负异常;微量元素特征表明,岩石富集大离子亲石元素K、U、Th、Rb、Ba、Sr,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti;大离子亲石元素的富集和Nb、Ta等高场强元素的亏损,说明岩浆主要来源于壳源物质的部分熔融。本区花岗岩形成于碰撞后与伸展构造的转换阶段,属于碰撞造山过程的产物。碰撞诱发的岩石圈地幔物质上涌导致地壳发生部分熔融作用,形成富钾的初始含矿岩浆,岩浆沿深大断裂上升侵位最终形成了格咱岛弧燕山晚期的构造-岩浆作用及成矿事件。     

大兴安岭东北部霍龙门地区早二叠世花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及构造意义

黑龙江霍龙门地区位于兴蒙造山带东部的兴安地块和松嫩地块接触带上,区内花岗岩类以晚古生代花岗岩为主,岩性主要为正长花岗岩、二长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩和二长闪长岩等。研究区的正长花岗岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年结果为294.8 Ma±1.8Ma,表明其形成于早二叠世,且在早三叠世(244.6 Ma±4.1 Ma)遭受了较弱的岩浆侵位事件的叠加影响。该时代岩石的主量元素具有高钾(K_2O质量分数平均为4.52%)、富钠(Na_2O质量分数平均为3.85%)、略富铝(Al_2O_3质量分数平均为13.73%)、低镁(MgO质量分数平均为0.21%)和贫磷(P_2O_5质量分数平均为0.06%)贫钙(CaO质量分数平均为0.61%)的特征;微量元素表现出Th,Zr,Nd,Rb明显富集,而Ba,Sr,P,Ti明显亏损;稀土元素具有轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,有较明显的负Eu异常(δEu平均为0.49),轻重稀土元素分馏程度较强。岩石总体上属于高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩。花岗岩的R_1-R_2构造环境判别图解与微量元素Rb-Yb+Nb,Rb-Yb+Ta构造环境判别图解显示,该期发育的早二叠世花岗岩处于碰撞造山晚期向造山期后伸展的构造环境,结合区域北东向大量分布晚石炭世-早二叠世期间反映造山期后伸展环境的A型花岗岩的特征及本区所处的构造环境推测,研究区内早二叠世花岗岩应为兴安地块与松嫩地块北东向碰撞造山晚期向造山期后伸展拉张环境下岩浆侵位的产物。     

内蒙古白乃庙铜钼矿区侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

白乃庙铜钼矿是华北地块北缘最重要的大型铜钼矿,矿区中部花岗闪长斑岩与成矿关系密切。为探讨成岩成矿关系,笔者选取花岗闪长斑岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学特征研究。花岗闪长斑岩测年分别为432.4±2.2 Ma、440.7±2.1Ma和443±1Ma,岩体侵位时代为早志留世,与铜矿石中辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄440.5±4.4Ma(待刊)基本一致。岩体属高钾钙碱性岩石组合系列,稀土曲线右倾,δEu 14.83~-19.54,弱亏损,富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、K,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti,具有岛弧花岗岩的地球化学性质。结合区域地质背景,认为白乃庙铜钼矿成矿与早志留世花岗闪长斑岩岩浆期后热液活动密切相关,成矿构造背景为早古生代古亚洲板块向华北板块俯冲形成的白乃庙古火山岛弧带。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of