四川盆地中部磨溪地区龙王庙组沉积微相研究

结合四川盆地早寒武世龙王庙期区域沉积背景,本文对川中磨溪地区下寒武统龙王庙组的岩石类型、沉积构造、测井响应等沉积相标志进行了详细研究,探讨了磨溪地区龙王庙组的沉积微相特征及分布规律。研究表明早寒武世龙王庙期磨溪地区主要位于局限台地内,包括澙湖、颗粒滩和云坪三个亚环境,沉积产物以晶粒云岩及颗粒云岩为主。纵向上,龙王庙组由两个向上变浅的沉积旋回构成,旋回底部以澙湖沉积为主,中上部以颗粒滩沉积为主,顶部以云坪沉积为主。其中,颗粒滩亚相根据不同的岩性组合、沉积构造、颗粒岩累计厚度、单滩体颗粒岩厚度等可划分为滩主体(滩核)、滩翼以及滩间洼地三个微相。平面上,龙王庙组上下两段的沉积相展布具有明显的继承性,较龙王庙组下段而言,上段沉积时滩体的沉积范围、规模均有所扩大,同时颗粒滩具有向东迁移的趋势。磨溪地区龙王庙组沉积微相的展布主要受沉积期微古地貌以及相对海平面变化的影响,本文最后建立了磨溪地区龙王庙组颗粒滩沉积演化模式。     

四川盆地磨溪—高石梯地区下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩特征及分布规律

以四川盆地磨溪—高石梯地区下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩为研究对象,结合钻井、测录井、岩心和薄片等资料,对龙王庙组颗粒滩特征、分布规律和主控因素进行了综合分析。研究区内颗粒滩岩石类型主要有两类:一类为具有明显颗粒结构的颗粒云岩,以砂屑云岩或鲕粒云岩为主;另一类为具有残余颗粒结构的晶粒云岩。颗粒滩主要发育向上变浅、粒度变粗的沉积序列,垂向上,与下部细粒沉积物可构成滩间海—颗粒滩、局限潟湖—颗粒滩等沉积相序;横向上,颗粒滩连续性较好,具有大面积连片分布的特征,自西北—东南向发育程度呈逐渐增大的趋势。进一步分析后认为,海平面的相对变化和沉积水体能量高低决定了龙王庙组颗粒滩的发育特征和叠置样式,不同级次海平面的升降变化使颗粒滩发育层位和发育程度得以定型,而沉积时期的古地貌则最终决定了龙王庙组颗粒滩平面分布的差异性。     

川中磨溪地区龙王庙组沉积相与高频层序对储层的控制

利用磨溪地区龙王庙组钻井岩心、薄片和测井资料,开展了沉积相、高频层序和储层成因研究.识别出潟湖、滩间海、颗粒滩和云坪等4种亚相;将其划分为2个四级层序,各层序又包括3~5个五级层序,四级层序及体系域可良好对比.储层整体孔隙性较好,储集空间主要包括晶间（溶）孔、溶洞和裂缝,储集岩类主要为细晶云岩、粉晶云岩和颗粒云岩.沉积相和高频层序明显控制着有利储层的发育：颗粒滩和云坪是最有利的储集相,四级层序高位域的孔隙度明显优于海侵域,在四级和五级层序界面附近发育的早期岩溶对云坪和颗粒滩储层物性改善起到关键作用,也为埋藏岩溶和表生岩溶改造奠定基础.     

四川盆地及邻区下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩沉积特征与空间分布

通过对区域地质调查剖面资料和钻井资料的研究,结合对部分野外剖面与钻井岩心的系统观察和取样分析,发现四川盆地及邻区下寒武统龙王庙组的颗粒滩主要由颗粒石灰岩(白云岩)和晶粒白云岩构成;颗粒滩以未暴露浅滩为主,发育向上变浅和向上变深2类垂向序列。川中古隆起和黔中古隆起北部地区的颗粒滩的横向规模大、层位稳定性和连续性最好,其余地区颗粒滩多表现为点滩且规模较小。研究区龙王庙期总体上为西浅东深,西南缘、西北缘和北缘为古陆环抱,盆内呈“一隆两坳”的古地理格局。颗粒岩在古地貌高地具有广覆式“五线一带”的平面分布样式。川中古隆起、黔中古隆起北部地区是颗粒滩发育最有利的地区,东北部和东南部的水下岛链区是优质颗粒滩带发育的潜在区。古隆起发育演化对颗粒滩和有利储集相带具有明显的控制效应,次一级海平面升降变化影响滩体的垂向叠置样式和横向连续性。     

四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组浅水碳酸盐岩台地沉积相特征及模式*

准确建立四川盆地龙王庙组沉积模式和精细刻画颗粒滩时空分布规律,是提高天然气勘探成功率的关键。依据野外露头、钻井、测井和地震等资料,综合分析四川盆地及周缘下寒武统龙王庙组沉积相类型及特征;以四级层序为单元,精细刻画等时地层格架内沉积相时空展布特征,建立沉积模式,揭示颗粒滩发育规律,指出下一步天然气勘探方向。结果表明: (1)四川盆地及周缘龙王庙组发育典型浅水碳酸盐岩镶边台地沉积体系,自盆地西缘向东依次发育混积潮坪、局限台地(颗粒滩、云坪和咸化潟湖等微相类型)、开阔台地(颗粒滩、灰坪等微相类型)、台地边缘和斜坡—盆地等沉积相类型;(2)建立了“一凹两隆,双滩成带”的沉积模式,颗粒滩的发育主要受控于古地貌和相对海平面升降,具体表现为垂向上主要发育于四级层序海退时期,平面上沿台地边缘带和围绕咸化潟湖的相对隆起区呈带状分布。由于颗粒滩是优质储集层发育的有利相带,因此该结果可为四川盆地寒武系龙王庙组下一步天然气勘探提供沉积地质基础。     

Sedimentary facies and model of shallow water carbonates platform of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan Basin

Building the sedimentary model accurately and delineating the spatial-temporal distribution of grain bank are the keys to increase the rate of success in natural gas exploration. Thus,the types and characteristics of sedimentary facies of the Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin were studied based on field outcrops,drilling,logging and seismic data. Taking a fourth-order sequence systems tract as a unit,the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of sedimentary facies within the chronostratigraphic framework were precisely described,and the depositional model of the Longwangmiao Formation was established to reveal the development mechanisms of grain bank and point out the future natural gas exploration. The results showed that: (1)The typical shallow carbonate platform depositional system was developed in the Longwangmiao Formation of the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas. Mixed tidal flat,restricted platform(microfacies types including grain bank,dolomitic tidal flat,lagoon,and gypsum lagoon),open platform(microfacies types including grain bank,lime tidal flat),platform margin,and slope-basin were developed from the edge to the interior of the basin;(2)A sedimentary model was established,which was characterized by “one depression,two uplifts,and two grain banks in the form of belts”. The development of grain banks was mainly controlled by palaeo-topography and relative sea-level fluctuation. It was mainly developed in the highstand systems tract of a fourth-order sequence vertically,and distributed as a belt along the platform margin and around the lagoon area horizontally. Our paper pointed out the grain shoal deposits are the material basis for the development of high-quality reservoirs,the results thus provide a sedimentary geological basis for future natural gas exploration of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin.     

Depositional combination of carbonate grain banks of the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan Basin and its control on reservoirs

Rock types, sedimentary subfacies and grain bank properties of the Longwangmiao Formation are studied in detail by outcrop, drilling and logging data, core, thin section and physical property of the Longwangmiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin. The characteristics, development and distribution of grain bank depositional combinations of the Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan Basin and their control on reservoir development are discussed. The results show that: （1）four main rock types can be identified in the Longwangmiao Formation in Sichuan Basin. Vertically, three upward shallowing depositional combinations associated with carbonate grain bank can be identified: multi-stage vertical overlapping of grain banks, grain bank-tidal flat（mixed tidal flat）, interbank-grain bank（-tidal flat）; (2）the distribution of depositional combinations of grain banks is controlled by paleogeomorphy and sea level fluctuation;and the horizontal distribution is mainly controlled by paleogeomorphy, the vertical overlapping of multi-stage grain banks is mainly developed in the central Sichuan Basin, grain bank-tidal flat（mixed tidal flat）mainly develop in northern and southwestern Sichuan Basin, and interbank-grain bank（-tidal flat）mainly develop in the eastern and southeastern Sichuan Basin;vertically, they are mainly controlled by sea level changes, and have close relationship with their locations in the sequence stratigraphy, and interbank-grain bank（-tidal flat）mostly develop in the middle and lower parts of the sequence, multi-stage vertical overlapping of grain banks and grain bank-tidal flat（mixed tidal flat）develop in the upper part of the sequence; (3）multi-stage vertical overlapping of grain banks is the most favorable for reservoir development, followed by grain bank-tidal flat（mixed tidal flat）combination, and interbank-grain bank（-tidal flat）combination has the poor reservoir physical properties.     

四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩沉积组合及其对储集层的控制作用

基于前人研究成果, 综合四川盆地龙王庙组野外露头、钻测井、岩心及薄片等资料, 对龙王庙组的岩石类型、沉积亚相和岩石物性进行了详细的分析, 探讨了龙王庙组颗粒滩沉积组合的特征、分布规律及其对储集层发育的控制作用。结果表明： （1）四川盆地龙王庙组可以识别出4种主要的岩石类型, 垂向上主要发育3种与颗粒滩相关的水体向上变浅的沉积组合： 多期颗粒滩垂向叠置、颗粒滩—台坪（混积潮坪）、滩间海—颗粒滩（—台坪）;（2）颗粒滩沉积组合分布受控于古地貌和海平面升降;平面分布主要受控于古地貌, 多期颗粒滩垂向叠置组合主要发育在川中地区, 颗粒滩—台坪（混积潮坪）组合主要发育在川北、川西南地区, 滩间海—颗粒滩（—台坪）组合主要发育在川东、川东南地区;垂向分布主要受控于海平面升降, 与所处层序地层的位置有密切关系, 滩间海—颗粒滩组合多发育于层序中下部, 颗粒滩—台坪（混积潮坪）, 多期颗粒滩垂向叠置组合发育于层序中上部;（3）多期颗粒滩垂向叠置组合最有利于储集层发育, 其次是颗粒滩—台坪（混积潮坪）组合, 滩间海—颗粒滩（—台坪）组合储集层物性较差。     

塔里木盆地肖尔布拉克露头区下寒武统肖尔布拉克组沉积相模式及其勘探意义

塔里木盆地下寒武统肖尔布拉克组储集层主要受沉积相控制,而丘滩是储集层发育的有利相带,因此明确丘滩特征及其分布规律对该地区勘探具有重要意义。以柯坪肖尔布拉克露头区肖尔布拉克组为研究对象,实测7条剖面,基于野外露头描述和薄片观察,系统分析了肖尔布拉克组沉积特征,建立了沉积相模式。露头区肖尔布拉克组厚158~178m,主要发育层纹石、凝块石、泡沫绵层石、叠层石、核形石5种微生物白云岩和藻砂屑白云岩及粒泥白云岩,整体上为1个向上变浅的三级沉积序列。肖尔布拉克组沉积时期,研究区为发育“微生物席丘滩潮坪”沉积体系的缓坡型碳酸盐岩台地,沿温宿古隆起向盆地方向依次发育内缓坡、中缓坡和外缓坡。中缓坡是中高能微生物丘和藻砂屑滩的有利发育区,丘滩体厚度在70~85m之间,滩地比达到44%~51%,进一步佐证了塔里木盆地下寒武统肖尔布拉克组白云岩领域具有良好的勘探潜力。     

四川盆地广安地区中二叠统栖霞组岩石特征与沉积环境

四川盆地中二叠统栖霞组勘探发现系列油气,资源潜力巨大。但广安地区中二叠统栖霞组的岩石学特征及沉积环境研究薄弱。在野外地质调查的基础上,结合室内岩石学、岩相学等综合分析,对广安地区栖霞组碳酸盐岩岩石特征、沉积相类型及其古地理展布特征进行了系统研究。结果表明：广安地区栖霞组主要发育亮晶颗粒灰岩、亮晶生物碎屑灰岩、微晶生物碎屑灰岩、微晶颗粒灰岩、生物碎屑微晶灰岩、含生物碎屑微晶灰岩和泥晶灰岩7种岩石类型;碳酸盐岩颗粒主要以生物碎屑为主,部分层位发育球粒;古生物化石以三叶虫、腕足和有孔虫为主,同时可见棘皮类和藻类;栖霞组沉积期主要为碳酸盐岩台地沉积环境,其中栖霞组晚期（栖二段）台缘滩和台内滩较为发育,为该区油气成藏提供了有利条件。     

塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩颗粒滩沉积组合及展布特征

本文综合露头、钻/测井、地震以及薄片等资料的研究,开展了塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩颗粒滩沉积特征的研究。本次研究首次厘定了颗粒滩的划分标准,总结了塔里木盆地奥陶系发育藻粒滩、内碎屑滩、鲕粒滩和生物碎屑滩四类颗粒滩;明确了四类颗粒滩的微观和宏观沉积特征:藻粒滩由藻粒、球粒和藻团块构成,与结晶云岩互层沉积;内碎屑的含量和形态揭示了内碎屑滩的部位和沉积区的能量,内碎屑滩自鹰山组开始大规模发育;鲕粒滩主体区其他颗粒类型不发育,鲕粒滩主要分布在塔中和玉北地区的台缘带;生物碎屑滩由生物骨架碎屑和生物颗粒构成,与生物礁复合共生,集中在台缘带及台缘内侧分布,一间房组开始大规模发育。颗粒滩发育段对应低GR值,主体部位GR曲线呈箱型、漏斗型或钟型,侧缘部位呈指状或尖峰状,台缘带颗粒滩向台内迁移呈退积反射特征。在此基础上,建立了塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩颗粒滩的四种沉积组合样式:藻礁滩互层式、厚层滩加积式、薄层滩退积式和生物礁滩复合式。其中,藻礁滩互层式和礁滩复合式颗粒滩分布受相带影响,具有局限性,易于形成有效油气藏,在塔中地区奥陶系已得到证实。厚层滩加积式和薄层滩退积式颗粒滩在鹰山组分布广泛,结合颗粒滩的沉积展布规律及储层成因分析,得出鹰山组颗粒滩储层具有区域优势分布特征。     

川中磨溪—高石梯地区下寒武统龙王庙组层序格架内滩体的发育演化特征及对储层的控制

川中磨溪—高石梯地区龙王庙组可划分为两个三级层序。通过大量岩心、薄片以及测井资料综合分析,磨溪—高石梯地区龙王庙期整体属于局限台地沉积,可划分为台内滩、滩间洼地以及潟湖亚相。以台内滩颗粒含量、沉积构造以及单层滩体沉积厚度为基础,结合测井响应特征分析,将台内滩划分为滩核、滩翼以及白云岩坪等微相,并建立了台内滩的3种典型沉积序列:滩翼—滩核—白云岩坪、潟湖—滩间洼地—台内滩,以及滩间洼地—台内滩。层序格架内台内滩的纵横向发育特征表明:SQ_2时期较SQ_1时期更为发育,滩体单层厚度和总厚度均较大,层序界面附近的滩核—白云岩坪沉积序列上部为最有利的储层发育相带。     

四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组二段沉积微相研究

四川盆地南部钻揭茅口组的井数众多,但时间跨度大、资料品质差,可用的取芯资料少,难以满足沉积微相研究的需要。论文以四川盆地南部中二叠统茅口组二段为例,通过仅有的10口井的岩芯观察和薄片分析发现,茅二段A、B、C亚段均存在一套层位稳定的薄层至块状的浅灰-灰色亮晶生屑灰岩构成的生屑滩,并具有多个向上变浅和变粗序列的薄滩体垂向上频繁叠置、单滩体厚度一般较小(小于3 m)、少见同生期暴露等典型特征;伽马测井响应上,该套多旋回叠置的薄滩体呈现总体高背景下的低值的综合响应,因而难以利用测录井资料准确识别和统计颗粒滩的厚度。进一步分析发现,碳酸盐岩台地内部的非暴露浅滩发育时期,颗粒滩发育于微地貌高地、并具有相对更大的沉积速率,因而颗粒滩发育期形成的等时地质体厚度可近似反演沉积期微地貌的相对高低,并在分析等时地质体厚度或沉积微地貌与风化壳岩溶储层发育关系的基础上,指出了区内高能生屑滩主要在泸州-江津、自贡-大足以及青神-资中一线呈带状分布,受控于泸州古隆起雏形和乐山-龙女寺继承性古隆起。结果表明沉积期微地貌恢复对于钻探程度高、资料品质差的盆地老区的沉积微相研究具有重要意义,并对储层预测和深化老层的开发潜力研究具有重要参考意义。     

Characterization of the Microbial Dolomite of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation in the Hanyuan Area of Sichuan Province, China

The algal dolostone of the Upper Sinian Dengying Formation (corresponding to the Ediacaran system) in the Upper Yangtze Platform of China possesses a rich diversity of microorganisms and is an ideal site for the study of ancient microbial dolomite. We focused on algal dolostone and its microbial dolomite in the Hanyuan area of Sichuan Province, China. The macroscopic petrological features, microscopic morphology, texture characteristics of the fossil microorganisms and microbial dolomite, and geochemical characteristics were investigated. We found rich fossil microorganisms and microbial dolomites in the laminated, stromatolithic, uniform and clotted (algal) dolostones. The microorganisms present were mainly body fossils of cyanobacteria (including Renalcis, Girvanella, Nanococcus, and Epiphyton) and their trace fossils (including microbial mats (biofilms), algal traces, and spots). In addition, there was evidence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria, and red algae. The microbial dolomites presented cryptocrystalline textures under polarizing microscope and nanometer-sized granular (including spherulitic and pene-cubical granular) and (sub) micron-sized sheet-like, irregular, spherical and ovoidal morphologies under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microbial dolomites were formed by microbially induced mineralization in the intertidal zone and lagoon environments during the depositional and syngenetic stages and microbially influenced mineralization in the supratidal zone environment during the penecontemporaneous stage. The microbial metabolic activities and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) determined the morphology and element composition of microbial dolomite. During the depositional and syngenetic stages, the metabolic activities of cyanobacteria and SRB were active and EPS, biofilms and microbial mats were well-developed. EPS provided a large number of nucleation sites. Accordingly, many nanometer-sized pene-cubical granular and (sub) micron-sized sheet-like microbial dolomites were formed. During the penecontemporaneous stage, SBR, cyanobacteria, and moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria were inactive. Furthermore, nucleation sites reduced significantly and were derived from both the EPS of surviving microorganisms and un-hydrolyzed EPS from dead microorganisms. Consequently the microbial dolomites present nanometer-sized spherulitic and micron-sized irregular, spherical, and ovoidal morphologies. Overall, the microbial dolomites evolved from nanometer-sized granular (including spherulitic and pene-cubical granular) dolomites to (sub) micron-sized sheet-like, irregular, spherical and ovoidal dolomites, and then to macroscopic laminated, stromatolithic, uniform, and clotted dolostones. These findings reveal the correlation between morphological evolution of microbial dolomite and microbial activities showing the complexity and diversity of mineral (dolomite)-microbe interactions, and providing new insight into microbial biomineralization and microbial dolomite in the Precambrian era.     

塔中地区良里塔格组台缘颗粒滩沉积特征及分布规律

塔中地区良里塔格组礁滩复合体蕴含着丰富的油气资源。通过钻井、录井、岩芯、薄片及测井等大量资料的综合分析,结合前人研究结果,对塔中I号坡折带上奥陶统颗粒滩类型和特征进行了系统研究。塔中地区良里塔格组台缘颗粒滩包括内碎屑滩、生屑滩、核形石滩、鲕粒滩等类型,具有类型多、发育旋回多以及厚度大的特点。颗粒滩在纵横向上并非是孤立存在的,通常与生物礁伴生,形成纵向叠置,横向指状交叉的礁滩复合体,属油气储集的有利相带。台缘颗粒滩亚相沿塔中I号坡折带呈带状展布,自西向东分布范围逐渐变窄,表现出以（藻）砂屑滩为背景,其他类型颗粒滩呈条带状、块状、点状分布于其间的规律。     

四川盆地西南部雷口坡组储层特征及控制因素

四川盆地西南部中三叠统雷口坡组气藏主要的储层类型为碳酸盐颗粒滩储层。其主要发育两种储渗形式：砂屑云岩储层以残余粒间孔和粒间溶孔为储集空间,喉道以缩颈喉道和管束状喉道为主,孔喉配置关系较好,储层多表现为中孔中渗的特征;鲕粒灰岩储层和残余生屑云岩储层以粒内溶孔、铸模孔和生物体腔孔为储集空间,喉道欠发育,储层多表现为中孔、渗透率偏低的特征。进一步对储层的控制因素分析表明,颗粒滩为储层提供了早期的物质来源;单滩体的厚薄控制着储层的储渗形式;原生粒间孔的保存和同生期大气淡水淋溶作用分别是形成这两种储渗形式的颗粒滩储层的关键。     

Origin and Distribution of Grain Dolostone Reservoirs in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, Sichuan Basin, China

Dolostones in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation have become one of the most significant gas exploration domains in China. Over a trillion cubic meters of gas reservoirs have been discovered in the Gaoshiti-Moxi area; however, the origins and distribution of the dolostone reservoirs are not well understood. This work discussed the geology and geochemistry of the dolostone reservoirs in the Longwangmiao Formation to determine their origin and distribution. Two understandings are acquired: firstly, a carbonate ramp provided excellent conditions for grain beach deposition, while the presence of a hypersaline lake was favorable for the contemporaneous dolomitization of grain beach deposits. Petrographic and geochemical evidence further confirm that the Longwangmiao dolostone was formed during the contemporaneous stage. Secondly, the reservoir characteristics indicate that the grain beach sediments provide material basis for the development of the Longwangmiao dolostone reservoirs. Reservoir dissolution simulation experiments show that the porosity of the reservoirs was formed by dissolution during contemporaneous and burial stages. The dissolution pores formed during the contemporaneous stage were controlled by sequence interfaces. The large scale dissolution vugs formed during the burial stage subsequently spread along the pre-existing porosity and fracture zones. This study therefore identified that the development of grain dolostone reservoirs in a shallow water ramp under arid climatic conditions generally met the following conditions: (1) reefal beach deposits lay a foundation for reservoir development; (2) superficial conditions are an important determining factor for reservoir porosity; and (3) burial conditions provide environment for porosity preservation and modification.     

贵州普定碳酸盐岩上覆松散堆积物的沉积环境初探

通过对贵州省普定县马官地区不同地貌部位的4个剖面进行详细的粒度分析,把粒度参数以及频率曲线与各种沉积环境的特征进行对比,排除了河流沉积、风成沉积的可能性。研究区域各剖面的粒度分布特征表明其沉积环境属于碳酸盐岩溶蚀残余风化,同时还有坡面流水和地下水作用的参与。     

塔里木盆地塔中——顺托果勒地区奥陶系良里塔格组碳酸盐岩颗粒滩沉积特征

塔中—顺托果勒地区奥陶系颗粒滩具有良好的油气资源前景。本文介绍了碳酸盐岩颗粒滩的定义和研究概况。通过镜下薄片分析将该地区良里塔格组碳酸盐岩颗粒滩主要划分为3类,并明确了3类颗粒滩的微观沉积特征。颗粒滩主要类型为:内碎屑滩、生物碎屑滩和鲕粒滩,所含的主要颗粒类型分别是内碎屑(砂屑为主,含砾屑)、生物碎屑和鲕粒,多为亮晶胶结,反映了高能水动力环境,由于迁移作用颗粒时常会相互伴生。另外,也发现了在低能环境中发育的复鲕和中—高能水动力环境下的藻粒;藻粒常常会与内碎屑颗粒、生物碎屑颗粒伴生,规模不大,多形成于中—高能水动力环境下的碳酸盐岩潮坪环境或台缘缓坡带。通过连井对比分析可以得出,良里塔格组可以划分为3个三级层序,海侵体系域主要以薄层退积为主,高位体系域以厚层加积为主。最后,本文结合颗粒滩的展布特征建立了该地区良里塔格组颗粒滩沉积模式。     

四川盆地东部下寒武统龙王庙组碳、氧同位素组成及古环境意义

在野外沉积特征研究、室内薄片观察的基础上,对四川盆地东部龙王庙组22个碳酸盐岩样品的碳、氧同位素进行测试,在充分论证样品的有效性后,分析研究区龙王庙组碳、氧同位素特征,进而探讨龙王庙组沉积期的古气候及古海洋环境。样品实验数据显示δ13C值分布在-1.533‰~2.619‰,平均为0.046‰;δ18O值分布在-9.916‰~-3.580‰,平均为-7.746‰;碳、氧同位素整体变化趋势与扬子地台其他区域基本相同。古海洋环境恢复表明,龙王庙组沉积期四川盆地东部整体处于海相环境,海水盐度呈先降低、后增高、复又降低的多段式变化;海水温度主要分布在20~30℃,属于温暖或炎热的亚热带气候;在海平面缓慢波动性下降、陆架暴露、生物灭绝的沉积环境影响下,龙王庙组δ13C值具有负漂移的演化趋势。龙王庙组沉积中期的水体深度最浅,古盐度最高,是白云岩最为有利的发育阶段。