陶二煤矿扩大区地温分带及变化规律研究

通过对区内参与资料编制的16个钻孔的简易测温和近似稳态测温曲线的分析,以20m垂深作为变温带与恒温带的分界点,40m垂深作为恒温带与内热带的分界点。在计算地温梯度的基础上,总结出区内地温梯度的变化规律:向斜轴部较小,背斜轴部及断层发育部位较大。对-700m水平的地温梯度进行了分析,认为背斜轴部之所以地温梯度较大,是由于其轴部的老地层向上隆起抬升,而这些老地层的地温普遍偏高;断裂带的地温梯度大,是由于断层导升了深层热能所致。此结果可为矿井高温热害区的预判及防治起到指导作用。     

黄花井田简易测温曲线应用

本文介绍了利用井田内近似稳态测温钻孔井底点地温恢复曲线和简易测温钻孔中第二次测量的井底点扰动地温,推算简易测温钻孔井底点原始地温而获得钻孔地温梯度的方法,使井田内无中性点的简易测温钻孔也推算出厂地温梯度值,从而达到利用各测温钻孔的地温梯度值和煤层底板深度值得出煤层黄花井田2煤层底板温度值的目的。     

冀中坳陷现今地温场分布特征

通过整理和分析53口井的系统测温数据和400余口井的试油测温数据,编制了冀中坳陷现今地温梯度分布图、折算了1 000-5 000 m深度的地温状况．结果表明,冀中坳陷的现今地温梯度一般为25．8-48．8℃／km,平均为32．4±4．2 ℃／km。地温沿构造、断裂延伸的方向展布,分布范围与下伏的基底构造基本一致,主体以NNE方向展布最为明显。横向上,地温梯度呈现低-高-低相间分布的特点,这与区域地质构造的凹、凸、凹分布相一致;纵向上,随深度的增大地温梯度有减小的趋势。     

简易测温曲线的近似稳态校正方法——以LYL井田为例

以LYL井田为例,通过收集邻区地温资料及气象资料,结合井田勘探阶段中的简易测温、近似稳态测温,确定井田内恒温带及中性点的参数。首先应用3个钻孔的近似稳态测温建立区内井温恢复曲线模型,之后利用已建立的模型对不同类型的简易测温钻孔对井底温度进行校正,最后通过恒温点、中性点、校正后的井底恢复温度得出简易测温校正曲线的拟合方程,根据方程对所有简易测温钻孔测温结果进行校正,计算出所有钻孔的煤层底板地温及地温梯度,从而为研究井田内地温分布规律提供第一手资料。      

鄂尔多斯盆地古地温研究

本文采用镜质体反射率、包裹体测温、磷灰石裂变经迹等多种古地温研究方法，确定了鄂尔多斯盆地中生代晚期高地温场的存在，古地温梯度高达３．５～４．０℃/１００ｍ，高于现今盆地的平均地温梯度２．８９°Ｃ/１００ｍ。古生界地层最大古地温一般在１５０～２４０°Ｃ之间，最高可达２７０°Ｃ以上，古地温明显高于今地温。高古地温梯度的形成与中生代末期的构造活动密切相关。根据盆地热演化史与油气关系研究可知，在古生代和中生代早期，地温梯度低。推迟了生气时代，有利于有机质的保存。中生代晚期，地温梯度高，是古生界碳酸盐岩及煤系地层的主要生气期及运移期。生气高峰期较晚，盆地内又缺乏断裂，有利于大气田的保存。     

龙凤井田9煤地温特征及影响因素分析

龙凤井田7个地温孔的地温特征表明,井田地温及地温梯度主要受地下水因素影响,若地下水流通性差,地温高及地温梯度大,反之,则地温低及地温梯度较小;煤层底板温度值与埋深、底板标高呈二元一次线性回归关系,即与埋藏深度呈正相关关系,与底板标高呈负相关关系。根据煤层地温等值线图,划分出正常温度（无地温热害）范围（≤31℃）、一级高温范围（31℃～37℃）和二级高温范围（〉37℃）。先期开采地段处于无地温热害范围,一级和二级高温范围均位于井田的东部和南部。     

东台坳陷现今地温场特征与油藏分布关系

东台坳陷为中国东部苏北盆地油气资源最丰富的地区。为了加深对东台坳陷地温场和油藏关系的理解,根据符合地温场研究要求的54口井连续测温资料和243口井试油温度数据,获得了深度1000～3500m地温、E2s-K2t各层位界面地温和各层地温梯度。地温场分布以凹陷或次凹成独立单元,地温随深度加深而线性增高,地温异常不明显。地温梯度总体呈现"浅层低、深层高"的特点,E2s-E2d地温梯度总体在22～30℃/km之间,E1f-K2t在28～38℃/km之间,平均约为30℃/km。不同深度的地温和地温梯度分布模式相似,正向构造单元高,负向构造单元低;而不同层位的地温分布规律则相反,即凹陷内温度高,凸起和隆起上的温度低。基底构造形态、沉积盖层厚度、深大断裂、地下水、地层放射性生热等因素决定了该坳陷总体为温盆特征。大部分地区目前还处在油气液态窗内,绝大多数油藏分布高于60℃的油气勘探开发黄金区域。     

贵州开阳磷矿西翼矿区地热水成因分析

开阳磷矿西翼矿区距息烽温泉仅4 km。从区域地质、水文地质、水化学特征分析了区内地热水的成因,认为区内热储层为震旦系灯影组白云岩,隔热盖层为下寒武统碎屑岩,高丰背斜为储热构造,兴隆断层为传热导水构造。区内地热水是在正常地温梯度的背景下,大气降水由中上寒武统至三叠系地层出露区入渗,经安清断层与震旦系灯影组白云岩含水层相连通而发生深循环,在兴隆断层与隔热盖层的联合作用下,高丰背斜将1 800 m深度内的热量储集起来,使灯影组含水层出现异常地温梯度,从而在灯影组白云岩中形成地热水,热储温度可达65℃以上。     

河南省城市浅层地温场特征及影响因素分析

本文在大量钻孔测温资料的基础上,系统分析了河南省城市浅层地温场分布特征,分析了不同地貌类型城市恒温带特征。全区地下水恒温带深度平均深度24.8m,温度一般15.5℃~17.5℃;冲积平原区松散层恒温带深度最浅、温度最高,内陆河谷盆地区松散层恒温带深度最深、温度最低。近山前地带基岩浅埋区,地温梯度低;沿深大断裂带和构造隆(凸)起区,地温梯度高;济源—商丘断裂的新乡—延津段、内黄凸起和通许凸起地温梯度高。通过分析地温增温率特征和地温恢复能力,得出颗粒越粗地温恢复能力K值较大,富水性越强、水力坡度越大K值越大。对影响浅层地温场的多种因素的系统研究表明,该区浅层地温场受城市、人类活动、地下水流场、地下水埋深、构造、地下水补给、排泄等因素影响明显。     

雄安新区地温场特征及其控制因素

雄安新区地热资源丰富,本文通过对地热井资料的收集分析,并对单井地温梯度值进行计算,结合区域资料,编制本区盖层地温梯度等值线图,并分析了地温梯度值纵横向变化规律及影响因素。本区地温梯度值基本上都在3.0℃/100m以上,局部达到6.0℃/100m;平面上,地温梯度值总体特征是北高南低、中间高两侧低的特点;纵向上,盖层地温梯度值高,热储层内部地温梯度值低;其地温场的变化主要受地质构造、地层岩性、盖层、水文地质条件等因素控制,其中由于地质构造的影响,加上岩石热导率之间的差异,造成来自地幔的热量向上传递过程中重新分配,向背斜核部集中,导致盖层局部地温梯度值高。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of