分散液-液微萃取—火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中的痕量铅

对萃取剂和分散剂进行了筛选,并研究了pH、APDC的用量、萃取时间等试验条件对萃取效率的影响。将分散液-液微萃取(DLLME)与火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)相结合,建立了快速、高灵敏度测定水样中痕量铅的新方法。在优化条件下,富集6.0mL样品溶液,铅的检出限为1.35μg/L,线性范围10.0～600.0μg/L,对含有20μg/L和400μg/L Pb2+的标准溶液平行萃取测定11次,相对标准偏差分别为3.35%和2.78%。本方法应用于自来水、河水、地下水和海水中痕量铅的分析,加标回收率在95.5%～99.7%之间。     

甲烷动态反应电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地下水中痕量硒

地下水中的硒含量一般低于1μg/L,大量氯离子等形成的多原子离子干扰和较低的电离程度,严重影响常规模式ICP-MS测定地下水中痕量硒的准确性,且检出限难以满足实际需要。本文建立了应用动态反应池电感耦合等离子体质谱(DRC-ICP-MS)技术测定地下水中痕量硒的方法,采用乙醇为增感剂,甲烷为反应气,通过实验优化了甲烷流量、乙醇含量、雾化气流速、低质量截取(RPq)、射频发生器(Rf)功率、离子驻留时间等条件对硒不同质量数测定的影响。结果表明:乙醇、甲烷可显著降低Ar等形成的多原子离子干扰,乙醇可明显提高硒的响应强度;在优化实验条件下,除74Se外,各离子的校准曲线线性关系良好(R≥0. 9996),方法检出限为0. 02～0. 03μg/L,低浓度和高浓度样品测试结果的RSD 2%(n=5),平均加标回收率为95. 7%。本方法样品前处理简单,使用设备单一,可满足大批量地下水中痕量硒的测定要求。     

青海省察尔汗盐湖卤水中有效硒的测定

针对氯化物型卤水,用氯化镧作为共沉淀剂进行分离富集,在盐酸介质中,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定卤水中的有效硒。结果表明,方法检出限为0.008μg/L,硒的含量在0~100μg/L范围内呈线性关系,标准加入回收率为97.5%~101.9%。方法准确可靠。     

碱性模式氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的痕量硒

土壤样品经王水分解，转化成HCl溶液，再用NaOH溶液调至碱性，样品溶液首先与KBH4混合，然后与酸作用完成氢化物发生，用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的痕量硒。方法检出限为0.01μg/g。线性范围为1－200μg/L，样品中硒的含量为0.082μg/g和0.34μg/g时，RSD（n=12)分别为4.9%和2.9%。方法经土壤国家一级标准物质中硒的测定验证，结果与标准值相符。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法直接测定多金属矿中的硒和碲

用硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸分解多金属矿物样品,在6 mol/L盐酸介质中,以Fe3+盐为减缓剂,直接在双道原子荧光光度计上同时测定多金属矿中硒和碲。该方法用同一混合酸一次分解样品,不经分离富集,同时测定硒和碲,过程简单快捷,适合于批量样品的检测。将样品与标准曲线同时分解至冒高氯酸白烟,从而准确地测定多金属矿物样品中硒和碲的含量。方法检出限为硒0.032μg/g,碲0.023μg/g;方法精密度(RSD,n=8)为硒<4.0%,碲<7.0%。经国家一级标准物质GBW 07283、GBW 07233、GBW 07234验证,硒和碲的测定值与标准值吻合。     

黄原酯棉富集—火焰原子吸收法测定盐和水样中的痕量铅

本文介绍用黄原酯棉富集-火焰原子吸收法测定盐和水样中的痕量Pb,用于盐样中0.5—20μg/g和水样中5—200μg/L Pb的测定,结果与其它方法基本吻合。     

氢化物发生-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铀矿地质样品中痕量硒

采用氢化物发生技术测定地质样品中的硒时,需要考虑样品的溶解、Se价态的预还原以及抑制共存离子的干扰。本文采用硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸体系快速溶解样品,直接加入浓盐酸煮沸将六价硒还原为四价硒,将氢化物发生器与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪联用测定了铀矿地质样品中的痕量硒。样品中除了Cu2+其他离子的含量均不干扰硒的测定,通过在试液中加入铁盐溶液或在硼氢化钠还原剂中加入铁氰化钾抑制了Cu2+的干扰。方法检出限为0.12μg/L,精密度(RSD)小于5%。与前人报道的方法相比,本方法检出限较低,操作简单快速,冲洗30 s可消除记忆效应,适合批量铀矿地质样品中痕量硒的测定。     

铜-铜试剂分离富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定地下水中痕量汞

利用铜(Ⅱ)与铜试剂反应生成鳌合物沉淀的同时,能将痕量汞(Ⅱ)共同沉淀出来的特性,将汞(Ⅱ)分离富集,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定地下水中汞的含量。在汞标准溶液中,加入不同量的铜和铜试剂测定汞的真实含量,最终确定铜和铜试剂最佳加入量。通过优选分析线、背景恰当扣除处理,水溶液体积由200 mL浓缩至5 mL,富集40倍后汞的检出限可达0.1μg/L。方法用于测定国家标准物质GBW(E)080006和实际样品,测定值与标准值、国家标准方法测定值一致,均在允许误差范围内。方法精密度(RSD,n=12)小于10%,可满足地下水中痕量汞的测定要求。     

超高效液相色谱法直接快速测定环境水样中硝基苯和苯胺

建立了超高效液相色谱直接快速测定环境水样中硝基苯和苯胺的分析方法。取900μL水样与100μL乙腈混匀,用微孔滤膜(0.2μm,有机系)过滤。采用1.7μm小颗粒填料的BEH phenyl柱,以乙腈/醋酸铵溶液为流动相,硝基苯和苯胺分别用紫外和荧光检测器检测,分析时间仅1.1 min。硝基苯和苯胺的线性范围分别是0.485～4850μg/L和0.495～1978μg/L,方法检出限分别是0.194μg/L和0.099μg/L,相关系数均在0.995以上。硝基苯9.70μg/L、194μg/L、1940μg/L三个浓度水平回收率在98.3%～101%,相对标准偏差在1.11%～2.03%。苯胺9.89μg/L、198μg/L、1978μg/L三个浓度水平回收率在98.6%～104%,相对标准偏差在0.75%～5.85%。与传统液相分析方法相比,本方法线性范围更宽,灵敏度更高;直接进样简化了前处理环节,减少采样体积和有机试剂的使用;分析效率高,适用于地下水、地表水等多种水质样品中痕量到常量范围的硝基苯和苯胺快速测定。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定地球化学样品中痕量碲

采用焙烧富集分离地球化学样品中痕量Te,并用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定。通过实验确定出方法的最佳实验条件,在此条件下获得的检出限为0.005μg/g,线性范围0.025~10μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=8)为5.03%~9.24%。方法已用于国家一级地球化学标准物质中痕量Te的测定,结果与标准值基本相符。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of