青海省牛苦头铅锌矿床成矿时代研究：来自成矿岩体年代学和黄铁矿Re–Os地球化学证据

东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格地区是青海重要的矽卡岩多金属成矿带，牛苦头矽卡岩型矿床位于该地区中西段，为祁漫塔格地区探明的中–大型矽卡岩型铅锌多金属矿床之一。鉴于矿区成岩成矿时代以及金属成矿物质来源存在争议，笔者通过LA–ICP–MS及热表面电离质谱Re–Os同位素测试技术对锆石及黄铁矿年代学进行了研究。结果表明，牛苦头矿区M1矿段10线钻孔底部成矿花岗岩体年龄分别为（362.2±2.7）Ma、（361.8±3.4）Ma，与主成矿阶段闪锌矿密切共生的黄铁矿Re–Os等时线年龄为（359.2±6.3）Ma。牛苦头矿区矽卡岩铅锌多金属矿床成岩与成矿时代耦合于（362.2±2.7）～(359.2±6.3)Ma，表明该矽卡型铅锌多金属矿床形成于华力西期晚泥盆世。黄铁矿初始187OS/188Os值为0.13±0.24，表明牛苦头铅锌矿床金属成矿物质为壳幔混合来源，形成于晚泥盆世早古生代—晚古生代早期构造–岩浆旋回中碰撞–后碰撞的拉伸背景之下。     

青海省祁漫塔格地区成矿亚带划分及前景分析

文章从祁漫塔格地区构造演化和成矿构造分区入手,结合尕林格、肯德可克、鸭子沟—迎庆沟、牛苦头沟等典型矿床解剖,在分析成矿条件、地质特征、控矿因素、矿床成因的基础上,对祁漫塔格地区青海段进行了矿化分区,划分出了五个成矿亚带,分别探讨了各成矿亚带的主攻矿床类型及其找矿前景,为进一步部署地质找矿工作提供了科学依据。     

青海牛苦头矿区锰质黑柱石成因及其地质意义

锰质黑柱石是矽卡岩型铅锌矿床中一种常见的脉石矿物,其与铅锌矿体关系密切。本文对东昆仑祁漫塔格地区牛苦头铅锌多金属矿床中黑柱石的产状、矿物共生组合、化学成分等进行了研究。牛苦头矿区锰质黑柱石主要产于3种矿物组合:黑柱石+石榴子石+磁铁矿组合;黑柱石+锰钙(铁)辉石+方铅矿+磁铁矿组合;黑柱石+方解石+石英+硫化物(黄铁矿+磁黄铁矿+其他硫化物)组合,并形成自内向外石榴子石-磁铁矿—黑柱石—锰钙辉石的矽卡岩分带。上述3种组合分别对应矿床的3个蚀变矿化阶段:进变质阶段(阶段I),石榴子石被交代分解,形成黑柱石;退变质阶段(阶段Ⅱ),锰钙(铁)辉石分解形成黑柱石;石英硫化物阶段(阶段Ⅲ),黑柱石进一步分解,形成磁铁矿、方解石和石英。电子探针结果,牛苦头矿床黑柱石的化学分子式为Ca_(0.94-0.98)(Fe_(1.22-1.92)Mn_(0.10-0.75)Mg_(0.01-0.03))■(Fe_(0.83-0.93)Al_(0.01-0.07))■[Si_(2.00-2.07)O_7]O(OH);LA-ICP-MS原位分析显示,牛苦头矿区黑柱石的稀土配分曲线与矿区进变质阶段形成的石榴子石、锰钙(铁)辉石近乎一致。综合研究认为,矿区黑柱石为进变质阶段的石榴子石和辉石蚀变分解的产物;矿床自内向外的矽卡岩分带反映了矽卡岩被逐渐交代的过程,并伴随了成矿流体从主矽卡岩阶段的"还原(Fe~(2+)、Mn~(2+))"环境向退变质阶段偏氧化(先是Fe~(2+)-Mn~(2+)+Fe~(3+),后是Fe~(3+))环境的转变。     

新疆东昆仑维宝地区铅锌矿床找矿标志及找矿方向

在新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格地区新发现大量的以Fe,Cu,Pb,Zn,W,Sn为主的多金属矿床(点),铅锌矿床便是其中之一。文章通过对维宝矿区区域成矿地质条件、区域化探异常特征,以及铅锌矿赋矿地层、产出特点、矿化特征、围岩蚀变及成矿物质来源的初步分析,认为维宝地区具备寻找大型铅锌矿床的地质、地球化学条件,Pb-Zn成矿地质条件优越,具有很好的找矿前景;归纳出铅锌矿床的找矿标志,建立了铅锌矿床的经验找矿模型;指出了区内铅锌矿床的找矿方向和找矿靶区,并针对不同类型的矿床提出了下一步的工作建议。     

青海祁漫塔格地区牛苦头矿床和卡而却卡矿床B区花岗质岩石LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄——对泥盆纪成岩成矿作用的指示

牛苦头矿床和卡而却卡矿床是青海祁漫塔格地区重要的多金属矿床。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测得牛苦头矿床花岗闪长岩成岩年龄为394.0±1.3Ma,卡而却卡矿床B区黑云母二长花岗岩的成岩年龄为406.4±4.2Ma。这些年龄与区内野马泉、乌兰乌珠尔及夏日哈木矿床成矿岩体的形成时代范围基本一致,说明青海祁漫塔格地区早、中泥盆世可能发生了大规模的岩浆作用和与之有关的成矿作用。结合区域地质特征和已发表的地质年代学及岩石地球化学数据可知,青海祁漫塔格地区早、中泥盆世处于后碰撞伸展的构造背景,暗示早、中泥盆世可能是青海祁漫塔格地区又一个重要的多金属成矿期。     

湘西发现镓超常富集铅锌矿床

分布于扬子地块东南缘的湘西铅锌成矿区是中国重要的铅锌生产基地,累计探明铅锌资源量超过2000万t.近年来,随着区内多个大型-超大型铅锌矿床相继被发现,其成矿特征和找矿工作也受到地质工作者的关注.唐家寨矿床是分布于湘西洛塔矿田中的一个大型铅锌矿床,文章通过电子探针(EPMA)和激光剥蚀等离子质谱(LA-ICPMS)发现唐家寨矿床闪锌矿中显著富集关键金属元素镓(Ga),2种方法获得平均w(Ga)分别为1320×10-6和928×10-6,其富集程度之高全球罕见.另外,结合LA-ICPMS Mapping分析发现,唐家寨矿床中的Ga元素主要与Cu元素一起耦合替代Zn元素进入闪锌矿晶格之中.上述这些发现表明,唐家寨铅锌矿床及其外围具有巨大的镓等战略性关键金属资源的找矿潜力.     

青海牛苦头硅卡岩型铁多金属矿床成矿规律及其发现的地质意义

<正>牛苦头铁多金属矿床在区域上位于柴达木陆块与祁漫塔格陆块的结合部位,属于祁漫塔格成矿带。该成矿带近年来发现了四角羊—牛苦头铁多金属矿、野马泉铁多金属矿、尕林格铁多金属矿、虎头崖铅锌矿、肯德可克铁多金属矿、迎庆沟铜铅锌多金属矿等数个大中型多金属矿床。从2006年以来,牛苦头铁多金属矿床的地质找     

滇西羊拉铜矿床、鲁春铜铅锌矿床构造控矿特征

羊拉铜矿床、鲁春铜铅锌矿床位于金沙江成矿带的中部.羊拉铜矿床铜是三江地区典型的大型铜矿床,其赋矿围岩为不同岩性的岩石组成的混杂堆积,容矿构造为缓倾的逆断层和陡倾的正断层;鲁春铜铅锌矿床受到逆断层的控制.通过对4个测点共轭剪节理的研究,表明里农矿段KT2、KT5矿体的古构造应力场最大主应力方向为东西向和北东-南西向,里农...     

云南永善金沙厂铅锌矿成矿特征及成因浅析

金沙厂背斜核部存有三种不同于层位、不同位态的断层,即震旦系灯影组中顺层滑动带（FC1）;下寒武统梅树村组中层间滑动构造（FC2）及切割灯影组白岩哨段下亚段层位的陡倾斜断层组（F4）.当含矿溶液沿上述断层破碎带运移至低温环境下,发生进一步沉淀充填,形成矿区三种赋存类型不同的铅锌矿体.该矿床属地层构造控制的碳酸盐岩型中低温热液铅锌矿床.     

云南景谷正兴铜铅锌矿地质特征、矿床成因及找矿潜力

景谷正兴铜铅锌矿床位于兰坪—思茅盆地铜铅锌银多金属矿富集区南段,地处兰坪—思茅盆地南端.矿带内兰坪盆地已经发现多处超大型、大型矿床,思茅盆地发现2处(思茅区萝卜山、宁洱厂硐)与逆冲推覆构造有关的构造热液-脉型铜铅锌银多金属矿床.矿区成矿条件优越,受兰坪—普洱中轴断裂带控制,控矿构造为兰坪—思茅中轴断裂及其东侧那箐组(P2 nq)内次级高角度张扭性断裂,含矿地层为那箐组(P2 nq)碳酸盐岩.本文总结矿床地质特征及矿床成因,进行资源潜力分析,认为本矿区成矿条件优越,矿区深部仍具找矿潜力,通过进一步工作,有望成为中—大型铜铅锌矿床的远景规模.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of