滇西上芒岗红色粘土型金矿的元素地球化学特征及其物质来源探讨

对滇西上芒岗红色粘土型金矿的主元素，微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征进行了详细的研究。结果表明，主元素Al2O3,Fe2O3和K2O在红色粘土剖面中共迁移同沉淀，SiO2的变化却与它们相反，这揭示了上芒岗红色粘土型金矿的红色粘土层除了残积带红土化程度高外，总体上SiO2含量高，去硅作用不完全，红土化程度低；与地层，矿化蚀变岩的对比分析结果表明，红色粘土是在加勐嘎组泥岩基础上经红土化作用形成的，红色粘土的微量元素表现为Au,Hg,As,Sb,Cu,Pb,Zn和Mo等元素的共生,在红土化好的残积带明显富集；红色粘土的大离子元素分布模式与矿化蚀变岩和嘎组的相似，红色粘土的稀土分布模式与矿化蚀变岩和地层的相似，表现为轻稀土富集的右倾型平缓曲线，稀土元素分蚀明显的地方金富集，以上分析揭示，此金矿的成矿物质主要来自矿化蚀变岩，红色粘土主要来源于勐嘎组和矿化蚀变岩。     

河南省石寨沟金矿床成矿流体特征及硫铅同位素研究

河南省石寨沟金矿床位于华北克拉通南缘华熊地块崤山地体内,矿区出露地层为中元古界熊耳群马家河组和许山组的中基性-中酸性火山岩,侵入岩为中酸性岩体,断裂破碎带控制着矿体的产出。矿石以块状、浸染状和角砾状构造为主,属蚀变岩型。围岩蚀变包括硅化、绢云母化、黄铁绢英岩化、碳酸盐化和绿泥石化。成矿过程初步划分为石英-黄铁矿阶段、石英-多金属硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段,金主要沉淀于石英-多金属硫化物阶段。石英-多金属硫化物阶段发育富液两相包裹体、富气两相包裹体和含CO2三相包裹体,包裹体均一温度峰值介于260-320℃,盐度介于2.0%-9.0%NaCl eqv;石英-碳酸盐阶段仅发育富液两相包裹体,均一温度峰值介于140-200℃,盐度介于5.6%-8.1%NaCl eqv。流体不混溶作用是金沉淀的主要机制。该矿床矿石中硫化物的δ34S值变化于+3.7‰-+7.7‰,平均为+5.6‰。矿石的铅同位素比值变化较小,206Pb/204Pb=16.951-17.035,207Pb/204Pb=15.370-15.466,208Pb/204Pb=37.188-37.512。矿石铅同位素组成明显高于熊耳群火山岩,低于花山岩体铅同位素组成,而与太华群变质岩铅同位素组成相似,表明成矿物质主要来自太华群。     

多宝山铅锌矿床地质特征及地球化学研究

新疆和田县多宝山是西昆仑地区新发现的一处重要铅锌矿床,矿体呈似层状、不规则囊状、脉状,产于白垩系铁隆滩组碳酸盐岩岩溶角砾岩、生物碎屑灰岩中,围岩蚀变主要有碳酸盐化、白云石化、硅化及泥化等.矿石为块状、细脉状、浸染状、角砾状等构造.矿石矿物与脉石矿物中具极相似的微量元素组构,矿石中铅、锌硫化物δ34SV-CDT=-10.55‰～-1.01‰,矿石Pb同位素组成206Pb/204Pb=18.739 8～18.743 3,207Pb/204Pb=15.702 5～15.7040,208Pb/204Pb=39.092 9～39.097 1,成矿物质来源于白垩系铁隆滩组碳酸盐岩.矿石中方解石δ13CPDB=3.44‰～5.09‰,18OSMOW=23.09‰～26.79‰,热液中CO2来自海相碳酸盐岩去碳酸作用.流体包裹体均一温度为207℃～262℃,盐度为6.30%～7.73%,说明成矿流体来源于海水热卤水,矿床具MVT铅锌成矿特点.     

大沟谷钠长石岩型金矿床Pb、S、Sr同位素特征初探

大沟谷金矿床产于震旦系乐晶峡群钠长石岩带底部陡倾斜钠长石岩中。金矿床铅同位素组成变化大^206Pb/^204Pb17.356-19.306,^207Pb/^204Pb15.330-15.862,^208Pb/^204Pb37.532-39.957。u值在8.23-10.6之间，黄铁矿δ^34S值在5.1‰-13.4‰之间，铅同位素组成具线性相关关系，^206Pb/^204Pb与^207Pb/^204Pb线性方程y=0.24x 11.19,r=0.83,^206Pb/^204Pb与^208Pb/^204Pb方程为y=1.3x 14.8,r=0.93，黄铁矿铅硫同位素组成具负相关关系，钠长石岩Rb、Sr含量较低，^87Sr/^86Sr值为0.72263-0.73150，平均0.72595。综合铅、锶、硫同位素特征，可以认为大沟谷金矿床成矿物质主要来自高u值基底碎屑沉积岩及钠化基性火成岩。     

新疆西天山哈勒尕提铁铜矿床同位素地球化学特征及成矿物质来源

哈勒尕提铁铜矿床是近年来在新疆西天山博罗科努成矿带内发现的一处中型矽卡岩型铁铜矿床,矿体赋存于大瓦布拉克二长花岗岩体与上奥陶统呼独克达坂组大理岩、大理岩化灰岩的接触带。对矿床典型岩(矿)石样品开展了硫、铅、碳、氧同位素研究,结果表明:矿石硫化物δ34 S值变化范围较窄(-1.7‰~4.9‰,均值为1.8‰),具岩浆硫的特征;硫化物的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb变化范围分别为17.951~20.224、15.568~15.692和38.02~40.22,显示出典型俯冲带壳-幔混合铅特征;赋矿围岩大理岩、大理岩化灰岩的δ13 CV-PDB值为-1.9‰~-1.4‰,δ18 OV-SMOW值为10.8‰~17.9‰,显示由海相碳酸盐岩重结晶形成。方解石δ13 CV-PDB值为-2.9‰~0.0‰,δ18 OV-SMOW值为12.0‰~14.7‰,表明方解石中的碳主要来自溶解的海相碳酸盐岩,而氧可能来自成矿流体与灰岩的混合。     

内蒙古林西县大井铜多金属矿床的硫、碳和铅同位素及成矿物质来源

内蒙古自治区林西县大井铜多金属矿床是大兴安岭南段的一个大型Cu-Sn-Ag-Zn-Pb矿床。该矿床的黄铜矿、黄铁矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿等硫化物的δ^34S值变化为－1．8‰至＋3．8‰，平均为＋0．65‰。大约为－5‰的δ^13C值与峰值为～ 1‰的δ^34S值的很窄分布表明成矿流体中的碳和硫来源于深部岩浆，并且排除了上二叠统林西组地层提供一部分硫和碳的可能性。硫化物矿石的^206Pb/^204Pb,^207Pb/^204Pb和^208Pb/^204Pb比值分别为18．257－18．368，15．476－15．609和37．916－38．355范围内，其模式年龄为122－209Ma。黑色页岩含有较高的放射成因铅，其^208Pb/^204Pb比值为18．473－20．156，与矿石完全不同。然而，矿石、基性－超基性岩脉和附近花岗岩体的长石铅中^206Pb/^204Pb,^207Pb/^204Pb和^208Pb/^204Pb比值是相近的，它们在^208Pb/^204Pb-^206Pb/^204Pb和^207Pb/^204Pb-^206Pb/^204Pb图上落在同一条直线上。这条铅同位素混合线两个端元分别为上地幔和造山带，即混合了上地幔与前中生代形成的造山带物质。这些证据都强烈地支持了成矿物质来源于深源岩浆。因此，大井矿床是一个典型的与次火山岩有关的岩浆－热液脉型矿床。     

湖南瑶岗仙钨矿稳定同位素地球化学研究

瑶岗仙矿区拥有大规模脉型钨矿和矽卡岩型钨矿,以及中型铅锌矿床。石英脉型钨矿床脉体中的多阶段性、空间分带性均不明显,围岩蚀变规模小。矽卡岩型钨矿床蚀变规模大,多阶段,成矿温度跨度大,分带明显。石英脉型钨矿床硫化物δ34S=-2.6~3.9‰,平均-0.35‰,范围集中于0值附近,塔式分布;δ18O＝12.4‰~14.4‰,δD=-60‰~-54‰,δ18O值、δD值集中,变化范围很小。矽卡岩矿床δ34S=-1.3~3.6‰,平均0.99‰,略高于石英脉型钨矿床;石英δ18O＝1.5‰~11.7‰（杮竹园数据）,变化范围大。铅锌矿床δ34S=-2.9~1.4‰,平均-0.8‰,略低于钨矿;石英δ18O＝12.1‰~15.4‰,δD=43‰~51‰,变化范围更大。石英脉型、矽卡岩型钨矿和铅锌矿铅同位素组成范围相似,206Pb/204Pb=18.548~18.701,207Pb/204Pb=15.691~15.811,206Pb/204Pb=38.809~39.212。地质和S、Pb、H、O同位素研究说明,瑶岗仙矿区脉型钨矿与矽卡岩型钨矿床含不同的稳定同位素,显示成矿物质和成矿流体来源的差异性,成矿过程也不相同。脉型矿床成矿物质和成矿流体具体较单一的岩浆来源,没有明显的大气降水参与;而矽卡岩型矿床成矿物质主要来自于岩浆,也有沉积岩围岩的贡献,早阶段成矿流体来自于岩浆,中晚阶段有大量的大气降水参与成矿。与矽卡岩型钨矿床相比,脉型矿床成矿作用具有较低的水/岩比值。铅锌矿的地质地球化学特征更加相似于矽卡岩外围的分带形成的铅锌矿,即铅锌矿化属于矽卡岩演化至硫化物阶段的成果,而与石英脉型钨矿床无明显关系。     

西天山博故图金矿床H-O-S-Pb同位素示踪和Re-Os法测年

博故图金矿床是西天山近年新发现的一处大型金矿床,位于新疆特克斯县城北东部依什基里克成矿带东段。金矿体赋存于下石炭统大哈拉军山组火山岩地层中的NW或EW向断裂构造破碎带内,呈脉状或透镜状。由金矿体到两侧火山岩地层围岩,基本对称依次出现硅化、黄铁绢英岩化、青磐岩化等热液蚀变。矿石矿物主要有黄铁矿、毒砂、方铅矿、闪锌矿、银金矿、辉银矿,脉石矿物主要有石英、玉髓、方解石、绢云母等。电子探针观测发现矿石中自然金主要在黄铁矿内呈包裹金,或在其他金属硫化物粒间赋存。含金脉石英氢氧同位素分析和计算表明,成矿流体δ18O水-SMOW=-4.2‰~1.4‰,δDV-SMOW=-111.2‰~-94.1‰,主体属循环的大气降水。矿区金属硫化物的δ34SV-CDT范围为-7.5‰~5.8‰,均值为0.45‰,接近于原始地幔硫,矿石铅和火山岩铅同位素组成特征基本一致,206Pb/~(204)Pb=18.243~18.535,207Pb/~(204)Pb=15.565~15.753,208Pb/~(204)Pb=38.021~38.647,结合载金黄铁矿的187Os/188Os(i)平均值为0.774±0.076,γOs(t)平均值为520,显示成矿物质主要来自赋矿围岩大哈拉军山组火山岩。载金黄铁矿的Re-Os等时线年龄为356.1±9.3Ma(MSWD=16),矿区火山岩年龄为344±6Ma~368.3±1.7Ma。博故图金矿床应为低硫型浅成低温热液金矿。     

喀喇昆仑地区豹子山铅锌矿地质特征与成因浅析

新疆和田地区豹子山铅锌矿具与热液交代作用有关的后生矿床的地质特征,矿化赋存于中侏罗统龙山组碳酸盐岩中,严格受北西向断裂构造控制,矿石矿物组分简单,主要矿物为菱锌矿和白铅矿,围岩蚀变以赤铁矿化、褐铁矿化为主。矿石S同位素组成分布范围较宽(δ~(34)S=-8.49‰～24.88‰),S具多源性,主要源于沉积岩地层,有地表流体的加入;矿石Pb同位素组成较均一,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.807～18.822,~(207) Pb/~(204) Pb=15.73～15.756,~(208) Pb/~(204) Pb=39.055～39.168,μ=9.68～9.73,Pb源于上地壳;矿石δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)=2.85‰～8.25‰,δ~(18) O_(V-SMOW)=20.04‰～21.07‰,C、O来源于碳酸盐岩,而非岩浆热液。综合矿床地质及同位素特征,认为其成因类型属构造热液-直接交代型铅锌矿。     

贵州丹寨卡林型金矿床地球化学特征

岩石化学及微量元素研究表明,从未蚀变层纹状灰岩到强硅化灰岩,SiO₂、Au、As和Sb含量逐渐增高,CaO、CO₂和MgO含量逐步降低;在强碳酸岩化灰岩中,CaO和CO₂含量增高,SiO₂含量降低;各类蚀变与矿化岩石的稀土含量和配分模式与未蚀变层纹状灰岩总体基本一致.流体包裹体资料指示,成矿溶液为富Cl型,爆裂温度为200～338℃.同位素研究揭示,δ³⁴S_硫化物=(16.078～20.48)×10^-3,δ¹⁸O=(19.4～20.3)×10^-3,δD=(-110～-47)×10^-3,²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=18.288～19.202,207Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=15.685～15.793,²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb=38.366～40.401.成矿流体以大气降水为主,成矿物质以壳源为主,仅有少量幔源组分的参与.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an