中国岩石圈三维结构数值模拟数据库

应总结中国岩石圈三维结构研究成果的需要，本文介绍了数值模拟数据库的建设，它系国土资源部中国岩石圈三维结构数据库下属子库之一．该数据库在Windows2000环境中开发，以Visual Basic6．0和Arc／Info的二次开发工具Mapobject作为应用系统开发平台，分别用Microsoft Access 2000和SQL Server2000作为数据库平台，并利用Arc／Info的Desktop版本建立空间数据和元数据．最终实现了一个具有从空间数据、属性数据、元数据等多角度查询功能的系统．文中详细介绍了平台选取、数据库建立、系统结构、系统功能等问题．     

有限元等数值模拟方法在我国岩石圈构造研究中的应用与发展

本文综述了二十年来数值模拟方法在我国岩石圈构造研究中的应用与发展状况,主要涉及造山带数值模拟、俯冲带数值模拟、盆地数值模拟、上地幔小尺度对流数值模拟等几方面内容．为了研究中国大陆及其相邻地区的岩石圈三维结构．已经取得许多区域性地质调查和地球物理、地球化学等探测资料．同时以这些探测资料为基础,国内外科学家做了许多以该地区岩石圈构造与演化为研究目的数值模拟工作．可以看出,数值模拟是岩石圈构造与演化研究的有力工具．并已经取得了卓著的成就．这些成果为继续进行岩石圈构造的研究奠定了基础．     

福建测震台网震情值班信息管理系统设计与实现

采用C/S架构,系统开发语言为Visual Basic 6.0,数据库为Sql Server,设计开发了震情值班信息管理系统,并应用于震情值班的日常工作中.实际应用表明,该系统提高了日常工作效率,有效推进了震情值班的管理工作.     

利用大地测量和地热资料联合确定黑水—泉州地学断面东段岩石圈热及强度结构

黑水泉州地学断面因其所处的特殊地理位置和所受复杂地球动力学机制的影响,而备受地学界的关注.但要弄清控制岩石圈动力机制的重要影响因素之一——热动力,还需对岩石圈的热结构有更细致的研究.地热学研究作为一种独立的地球物理学方法,在地球内部结构及地球动力学研究中发挥着越来越重要的作用.根据地热资料来研究地球深部热结构是一种最为直接有效的方法,但是,我国地热资料的相对匮乏严重阻碍了地热研究的进展.本文将引入地形、重力等大地测量观测资料作为约束条件,基于岩石圈均衡原理,综合地热和重力学方法联合确定黑水泉州地学断面东段岩石圈热结构,弥补了传统地热研究方法的不足.基于黑水泉州地学断面岩石圈二维温度分布结果,本文计算了该岩石圈的强度分布,并对其岩石圈的热结构和流变结构特征展开了分析和讨论.     

中国岩石圈三维结构综合数据网站的研发建设

岩石圈三维结构是地球动力学研究的重点.随着中国岩石圈三维结构研究的深入,我国已经取得了大量珍贵的相关探测数据资料和成果数据资料.本文通过对这些数据资料的总结分析建立了统一的数据库.在此基础上,利用先进的网络技术,数据库技术、地理信息系统技术,研发建设了一个有关中国岩石圈三维结构的专业化综合数据网.它将有效地提高这些数据资料的利用率,为进一步的研究和交流提供了平台.     

基于GIS技术的大地电磁测深数据库系统设计与实现

大地电磁(Megnetotelluric,简称MT)测深数据子库是中国岩石圈三维结构数据库所属子库之一。本文阐述了结合GIS技术开发大地电磁测深数据库管理系统的必要性。讨论了新型大地电磁测深数据库及基于GIS平台的数据库管理系统的总体设计思想。在分析原ACCESS大地电磁测深数据库所存在问题的基础上,建立新的MT数据库实体-关系模型,并进一步把原有的MT数据库改造为SQL Server 2000数据库;同时,开发了基于GIS的MT数据库管理系统。本文介绍了基于GIS的MT数据库管理系统所具有的功能。     

云南省地震观测数据库软件的开发与实现

根据云南省地震信息“十五”项目的规范和要求，设计并开发了云南省地震观测数据库系统软件。软件包括前兆模拟观测数据库管理软件（由数据源绘图检查、数据入库与管理、数据库绘图检查组成）、前兆模拟观测数据库文件上报软件和地震速报目录数据库管理软件。数据库管理系统的建立，解决了地震观测数据入库问题和数据库完整性问题，可为分析预报人员和地震科研人员提供及时、准确的数据。     

稳定的鄂尔多斯地块在整体运动吗?

以华北地区三维流变结构和活动地块划分为基础,结合速度结构、热结构等其他地质地球物理资料,建立起一个与实际情况较为相符的三维黏弹性体模型,在GPS速度场约束下,本文实现了华北及其邻近地区岩石圈动力学三维数值模拟.通过与GPS速度场及计算的欧拉极参数的拟合对比分析,详细论证了鄂尔多斯地块数值模拟结果的可靠性,并印证了鄂尔多...     

通过C＋＋类封装Oracle调用接口实现地热前兆数据库的快速建库与访问

为了进一步推动地热前兆方法的发展,需要全面系统地对地热前兆方法加以认真研究,并应尽可能全面地搜集地热前兆观测资料,建立起地热前兆数据库.使用C 语言,将Oracle调用接口封装成QEnvironment、QStatement、QDirectPathLoader和QOCIExeption四个类,可实现地热前兆应用数据库的快速建库和访问,同时增强代码的可读性和易维护性.     

福建测震台网震情值班信息管理系统设计与实现

采用C/S架构,系统开发语言为Visual Basic 6.0,数据库为Sql Server,设计开发了震情值班信息管理系统,并应用于震情值班的日常工作中。实际应用表明,该系统提高了日常工作效率,有效推进了震情值班的管理工作。     

夏县地震台地下流体观测数据管理及分析系统的功能与实现

对夏县地震台地下流体观测工作的实际需求进行分析后,编写了《夏县地震台地下流体观测数据管理及分析系统》.该程序采用Visual Basic 6.0编程,利用Jet数据引擎调用Acess数据库.本文介绍了该程序的主要功能,并对具体的程序实现进行了简要的叙述.     

黄河上游梯级水电站数字化测震台网检索软件开发

采用Visual Basic 6.0开发数据库检索软件,为子台网地震编目工作提供便利的条件。软件编制过程中涉及到数据库与客户机通讯、数据查询与传输、文件处理等技术,在数据库应用软件开发方面具有普遍性。     

Combined model state and parameter estimation with an ensemble Kalman filter in a North Sea station 1-D numerical model

The combined estimation of model state and parameters is investigated by using an ensemble Kalman filter in a 1-D numerical study of the temperature profile at a North Sea station located at 55°30??North and 0°55??East. This simplified model implementation allows to test many configurations for the sampling of the model error for the model state as well as for the parameters. Temperature profiles from thermistor data are assimilated. The influence of a vertically or non-vertically correlated model error is examined through the computation of correlation coefficients, root mean square errors, and model bias. As the CS station is located in the North Sea region stratified in summer, vertically non-correlated model error terms have a slight positive impact on the assimilative runs. The benefit of the combined estimation of the model state and parameters is examined by comparison of a simulation where the model parameters are not adjusted to simulations with the combined estimation of the model state either with one parameter or with a set of parameters related to the surface heat exchange. The optical attenuation coefficient, the sensible, and latent heat exchange coefficients are considered. The best results are obtained when a set of parameters are simultaneously adjusted.     

新丰江中心地震台日常数据处理软件

根据新丰江中心地震台实际业务工作的需要,在Visual C++6.0平台上,使用ActiveX Data Objects(ADO)技术,通过客户/服务器(C/S)模式访问MySQL数据库表,并基于MFC(微软基本类库,Microsoft Foundation Classes)的OLE(对象链接嵌入,Object Linking and Embedding)编程方法操作EXCEL报表文件,开发出一套地震数据处理软件,完成台站日常数据的录入、查询、修改、转换和报表输出等工作,实现地震台站的无纸化、网络化办公,提高工作效率。     

Modeling studies of the upper ocean response to a tropical cyclone

A coupled ocean and boundary layer flux numerical modeling system is used to study the upper ocean response to surface heat and momentum fluxes associated with a major hurricane, namely, Hurricane Dennis (July 2005) in the Gulf of Mexico. A suite of experiments is run using this modeling system, constructed by coupling a Navy Coastal Ocean Model simulation of the Gulf of Mexico to an atmospheric flux model. The modeling system is forced by wind fields produced from satellite scatterometer and atmospheric model wind data, and by numerical weather prediction air temperature data. The experiments are initialized from a data assimilative hindcast model run and then forced by surface fluxes with no assimilation for the time during which Hurricane Dennis impacted the region. Four experiments are run to aid in the analysis: one is forced by heat and momentum fluxes, one by only momentum fluxes, one by only heat fluxes, and one with no surface forcing. An equation describing the change in the upper ocean hurricane heat potential due to the storm is developed. Analysis of the model results show that surface heat fluxes are primarily responsible for widespread reduction (0.5°–1.5°C) of sea surface temperature over the inner West Florida Shelf 100–300 km away from the storm center. Momentum fluxes are responsible for stronger surface cooling (2°C) near the center of the storm. The upper ocean heat loss near the storm center of more than 200 MJ/m² is primarily due to the vertical flux of thermal energy between the surface layer and deep ocean. Heat loss to the atmosphere during the storm’s passage is approximately 100–150 MJ/m². The upper ocean cooling is enhanced where the preexisting mixed layer is shallow, e.g., within a cyclonic circulation feature, although the heat flux to the atmosphere in these locations is markedly reduced.     

Development of the universal and simplified soil model coupling heat and water transport

It is very important to develop a universal soil model with higher simplicity and more accuracy, which can be widely applied to very general cases such as wet or dry soil, frozen or unfrozen soil and homogeneous or heterogeneous soil. Firstly in this study, based on analysis of both magnitude order and the numerical simulation results, the universal and simplified soil model (USSM) coupling heat and mass transport processes is developed. Secondly, in order to avoid the greater uncertainty caused by the phase change term in numerical iteration process for the model solution obtaining, new version of the universal simplified soil model (NUSSM) is further derived through variables transformation, and accordingly a more efficient numerical scheme for the new version is designed well. The simulation results from the NUSSM agree with the results from more complicated and accurate soil model very well, also reasonably reproduce the observed data under widely real conditions. The new version model, because of its simplicity, will match for the development of land surface model.     

A land surface model incorporated with soil freeze/thaw and its application in GAME/Tibet

Land surface process is of great importance in global climate change, moisture and heat exchange in the interface of the earth and atmosphere, human impacts on the environment and eco- system, etc. Soil freeze/thaw plays an important role in cold land surface processes. In this work the diurnal freeze/thaw effects on energy partition in the context of GAME/Tibet are studied. A sophisti- cated land surface model is developed, the particular aspect of which is its physical consideration of soil freeze/thaw and vapor flux. The simultaneous water and heat transfer soil sub-model not only reflects the water flow from unfrozen zone to frozen fringe in freezing/thawing soil, but also demon- strates the change of moisture and temperature field induced by vapor flux from high temperature zone to low temperature zone, which makes the model applicable for various circumstances. The modified Picard numerical method is employed to help with the water balance and convergence of the numerical scheme. Finally, the model is applied to analyze the diurnal energy and water cycle char- acteristics over the Tibetan Plateau using the Game/Tibet datasets observed in May and July of 1998. Heat and energy transfer simulation shows that: (i) There exists a negative feedback mechanism between soil freeze/thaw and soil temperature/ground heat flux; (ii) during freezing period all three heat fluxes do not vary apparently, in spite of the fact that the negative soil temperature is higher than that not considering soil freeze; (iii) during thawing period, ground heat flux increases, and sensible heat flux decreases, but latent heat flux does not change much; and (iv) during freezing period, soil temperature decreases, though ground heat flux increases.