沙埝油田沙7块阜三段高分辨率层序地层分析

以高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论方法为指导,综合利用岩心、录井和测井等资料,对沙埝油田沙7块阜三段进行了高分辨率层序地层划分与对比。根据基准面旋回和可容纳空间变化原理,识别出研究区短期和中期2个级次的基准面旋回层序,其中短期旋回层序以向上"变浅"的非对称型和对称型2种基本结构类型为主;在各级次基准面旋回层序识别的基础上,将阜三段划分为3个中期旋回层序和17个短期旋回层序,并应用旋回等时对比技术进行了精细地层对比,建立了沙7块阜三段高分辨率层序地层对比格架,为进一步的储层物性预测及储层结构描述等精细地质研究奠定了基础。     

济阳坳陷博兴洼陷西部沙三段层序地层

选取以基准面为参照面的高分辨率层序地层学的理论与分析技术,对博兴洼陷西部沙三段开展层序地层分析工作。在博兴洼陷沙三段识别出5个层序界面和4个较大规模的洪泛面,由此将研究层段划分为4个长期基准面旋回(相当于3级层序),并通过长期旋回内部次级转换面的识别,细分出8个中期旋回(大致相当于4级层序)。通过对比建立了研究区的高分辨率层序地层格架,并分析了各层序的地层发育特征。以层序格架为基础,探讨了研究区各层序的沉积演化特征,建立了辫状三角洲—浊积扇层序发育模式,认为研究区辫状三角洲和浊积扇均具有加积作用特点;斜坡区为辫状三角洲发育区,而洼陷区为浊积扇发育区;中期基准面旋回下降期辫状三角洲发育,上升期浊积扇发育;浊积扇体的发育规模与湖泛规模相关。综合分析认为,浊积扇是形成岩性圈闭的主要储集砂体类型,其发育的有利层位是MSC8、MSC7、MSC6、MSC5旋回的上升半旋回,岩性圈闭发育的有利区是博兴南部斜坡坡折带之下的洼陷区。     

西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带始新统平湖组层序地层

运用高分辨率层序地层学的理论和技术,以钻井、测井、地震资料为基础,对西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带始新统平湖组进行了层序地层研究。研究区向上“变深”的非对称型短期旋回层序最为发育,反映了研究区在平湖组沉积时期处于距物源区较近或物源供给较充分的环境下;中期旋回以发育上升半旋回沉积厚度大于下降半旋回的不对称型旋回为主,层序分界面两侧为有利砂体发育的部位;在不同级次基准面旋回层序划分的基础上,建立了以中期旋回为时间-地层对比单元的钻（测）井高分辨率层序地层格架。     

塔里木盆地志留系高分辨率层序地层格架研究

以高分辨率层序地层学理论为指导,对塔里木盆地志留系进行高分辨率层序地层学分析,总结出各层序地层单元及其界面在露头、岩心、测井和地震资料中的判识标志,识别出研究区短期、中期和长期3个级别的基准面旋回层序。在研究区内短期旋回层序可划分为向上“变深”非对称型和向上“变浅”非对称型2种基本结构类型。通过柯坪地区露头剖面与全区钻井剖面进行对比,结合塔中地区层序地层划分,将全盆地划分出了4个长期基准面旋回层序,建立了全区高分辨率层序地层格架,为塔里木盆地志留系进一步的等时追踪对比、砂体几何形态、沉积相研究和储层结构描述等精细地质研究奠定了基础。     

井一震结合进行高分辨率层序地层划分——以南苏门答腊盆地N油田U组为例

N油田U组上段地层发育粉砂岩和钙质泥页岩的三角洲前缘一浅海过渡相,多变的沉积相加大了小层对比的难度。针对此特点,结合层序地层学理论以及地震地层学的理论与研究方法,进行井一震结合对比划分地层,利用地震资料和标准层控制,构建大套地层等时格架;然后运用地震反射轴的等时性结合沉积旋回在地层格架内对比小层,确定研究区80口井6个分界界面。建立了区域高分辨率层序地层格架,形成了可容纳空间控制下的高级次层序格架建立的技术方法。     

马东油田沙一下亚段板2、板3油组高分辨率层序地层学研究

马东油田为北大港油田港东开发区深层油田,目前已处在产量下降阶段。根据研究区地震、测井和岩心资料,应用高分辨率层序地层学原理,对区内板2、板3油组地层进行了多级次基准面旋回的识别和对比,将其分为1个长期基准面旋回、2个中期基准面旋回和10个短期基准面旋回;分析了基准面旋回对沉积特征、储层物性的控制作用,基准面下降后期、上升早期容易发育良好储层;基准面下降早期、上升后期,储层物性差。     

苏北盆地溱潼凹陷戴一段沉积-层序特征及其对岩性勘探的指示意义

为厘清溱潼凹陷戴一段岩性勘探有利层段及区带这一关键地质问题,应用高分辨率层序地层学、沉积学等基础理论、技术方法,综合地震、钻井岩心及测井资料,对溱潼凹陷戴一段进行了沉积-层序研究,识别出层序界面及洪泛面两类转换面,并进一步划分为1个长期、5个中期旋回层序,深凹带5个中期旋回层序发育齐全,中-外坡逐渐减少至2个,明确了泰州凸起是戴一段的主物源方向,戴一段发育扇三角洲沉积体系,沉积相带展布受物源、基准面升降共同控制。沉积-层序综合研究表明纵向上戴一段MSC1、MSC2、MSC3时期泥岩隔层发育、储盖组合有利,是岩性勘探最有利层段;平面上相带的展布决定了岩性勘探的有利区带,西斜坡的蔡家堡-陈家舍、帅西、帅垛及帅北地区处于多期扇体前缘砂岩尖灭区,是岩性/构造-岩性圈闭勘探的重点区域。     

北黄海盆地某研究区块钻井层序地层及沉积特征

运用旋回层序地层学的方法,利用钻井、地震、岩心和各种分析资料,对北黄海某研究区块的层序进行了综合分析研究,在中生代上侏罗统—新生代渐新统识别出11个中期基准面旋回,并与相应三级层序对应,从下到上依次命名为层序Ⅰ—层序Ⅺ,从而建立了北黄海某研究区块的高分辨率钻井层序地层格架。在此基础上,通过对北黄海盆地构造发育过程的认识,以及钻井、地震等资料提供的信息,进一步对研究区中新生代地层的沉积特征进行了研究分析,认为研究区主要发育了侏罗系、白垩系两套勘探层系,纵向上主要有三套有利的储盖组合的结论,这对研究区油气分布规律进行研究有重要的指导意义。     

INPEFA在高分辨率层序地层研究中的应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地油房庄地区长4+5油组为例

目前利用常规测井曲线进行地层划分对比多解性强,测井曲线分层标志有时并不清楚,为提高层序划分的准确性及精度,本文利用最大熵谱分析方法,对测井曲线进行INPEFA处理得到频率趋势线,能够提取测井曲线所隐藏的周期性特征,描述地层的沉积旋回特征。通过对鄂尔多斯盆地油房庄地区长4+5油组自然伽马曲线进行INPEFA处理,得到频率趋势线并进行连井对比,将长4+5油组划分为6个中期基准面旋回,与现场地层划分具有良好的对应关系。研究认为,应用INPEFA技术可以明显的将地层的旋回特征表示出来,使各层序界面更直观、更明显,提高旋回划分、对比的精度和准确性,实现层序旋回划分从定性-半定量-定量的过程,是进行层序地层划分对比的有效手段。     

琼东南盆地深水区第四系乐东组层序地层学特征及其水合物勘探启示

琼东南盆地深水区第四系乐东组是南海北部已证实的天然气水合物主要勘探层系.近年来,其层序地层格架、构成特征以及对天然气水合物稳定域及运聚成藏的控制影响作用等科学问题引发了广泛关注.为了厘清乐东组层序地层格架、构成特征及其展布规律,基于层序地层学理论,结合研究区高分辨率地震资料,建立了乐东组精细层序地层格架及层序样式.依据...     

渤海新近纪古湖发育的直接证据

通过渤海5口钻井的沉积有机质分析,以沉积有机质中浮游藻类丰度和类型、无定形有机质含量变化以及地层序列中富藻沉积层发育程度。作为指示湖相沉积环境发育的标志,确定渤海新近纪湖相沉积层的分布特征及渤海古坳陷湖的发育特征。分析表明,浮游藻类和无定形有机质含量高的层段在馆陶组和明下段都有分布,但发育最好的是在明下段下部。这是渤海新近纪湖相沉积地层存在的直接证据。从湖相沉积发育的差异看,馆陶组和明化镇组时期的古湖有着不同的特征,馆陶组早期渤海的湖泊可能很小,馆陶组中、晚期为湖泊扩张期,从含浮游藻类和无定形有机质沉积层纵向变化频繁出现可以看出浅湖沉积环境的不稳定性。新近纪古湖的盛期是在明下段下部沉积时段,当时渤海淡水湖泊普遍存在。     

Depositional architecture and sequence stratigraphy of the Karoo basin floor to shelf edge succession, Laingsburg depocentre, South Africa

The Laingsburg depocentre of the SW Karoo Basin, South Africa preserves a well-exposed 1200 m thick succession of upper Permian strata that record the early filling of a basin during an icehouse climate. Uniformly fine-grained sandstones were derived from far-field granitic sources, possibly in Patagonia, although the coeval staging and delivery systems are not preserved. Early condensed shallow marine deposits are overlain by distal basin plain siltstone-prone turbidites and volcanic ashes. An order of magnitude increase in siliciclastic input to the basin plain is represented by up to 270 m of siltstone with thin sandstone turbidites (Vischkuil Formation). The upper Vischkuil Formation comprises three depositional sequences, each bounded by a regionally developed zone of soft sediment deformation and associated 20-45 m thick debrite that represent the initiation of a major sand delivery system. The overlying 300 m thick sandy basin-floor fan system (Unit A) is divisible into three composite sequences arranged in a progradational-aggradational-retrogradational stacking pattern, followed by up to 40 m of basin-wide hemipelagic claystone. This claystone contains Interfan A/B, a distributive lobe system that lies 10 m beneath Unit B, a sandstone-dominated succession that averages 150 m thickness and is interpreted to represent a toe of slope channelized lobe system. Unit B and the A/B interfan together comprise 4 depositional sequences in a composite sequence with an overall basinward-stepping stacking pattern, overlain by 30 m of hemipelagic claystone. The overlying 400 m thick submarine slope succession (Fort Brown Formation) is characterized by 10-120 m thick sand-prone to heterolithic packages separated by 30-70 m thick claystone units. On the largest scale the slope stratigraphy is defined by two major cycles interpreted as composite sequence sets. The lower cycle comprises lithostratigraphic Units B/C, C and D while the upper cycle includes lithostratigraphic Units D/E, E and F. In each case a sandy basal composite sequence is represented by an intraslope lobe (Units B/C and D/E respectively). The second composite sequence in each cycle (Units C and E respectively) is characterized by slope channel-levee systems with distributive lobes 20-30 km down dip. The uppermost composite sequence in each cycle (Units D and F respectively) are characterised by deeply entrenched slope valley systems. Most composite sequences comprise three sequences separated by thin (<5 m thick) claystones. Architectural style is similar at individual sequence scale for comparable positions within each composite sequence set and each composite sequence. The main control on stratigraphic development is interpreted as late icehouse glacio-eustasy but along-strike changes associated with changing shelf edge delivery systems and variable bathymetry due to differential substrate compaction complicate the resultant stratigraphy.     

Mapping sediment-dispersal characteristics using seismic geomorphology: Late Paleogene to Neogene,Qinan Sag,Huanghua Depression,China

The main objective of this article has been to demonstrate the utility of stratal slice images for exploring the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology of complex depositional systems. The seismic-geomorphology study and sedimentary interpretation were performed to map sediment-dispersal characteristics from late Paleogene to Neogene in Qinan Sag, located in Huanghua Depression of China. The Qinan Sag is underlain by a non-marine Mesozoic and Cenozoic-age stratigraphic section. Main data types in this study area are lithology, wire-line logs and 3D seismic. The main study strata, Member one of Shahejie Formation to Minghuazhen Formation, divided into two second-order sequences and four third-order sequences. The older of the two second-order sequences, SE, corresponds to the formations from Kongdian to Dongying. The younger of the two second-order sequences, SN, correspond to Guantao and Minghuazhen formations. Guided by third-order sequence-stratigraphic correlations from seismic and wireline-log data, we prepared stratal slices from a three-dimensional seismic volume to reveal high-resolution (10-m) sediment dispersal characteristics in a relative geologic-time domain. Using techniques of 3-D seismic geomorphology, we defined four types of depositional systems: braided deltas, deltas, braided rivers and meandering rivers. Stratal slices indicated that the depositional evolution of these interest sequences was from braided-delta front to delta front, braided river and finally meandering river system. Many factors related to the structural evolution history controlled the sediment-dispersal characteristics, such as the basin type, dynamic mechanism, faulting activity, subsidence rate and paleo-high.     

四川盆地中南部地区中三叠统雷口坡组沉积相研究

川中南部地区中三叠统雷口坡组划分为3个相（开阔台地相、局限台地相、蒸发台地相）、4个亚相（潮下、泻湖、潮阃坪、潮上坪）和17个微相。沉积相横向上总体变化不大，岩性较统一，蒸发岩较发育，纵向上沉积相变化具有同步性。利用单因素法和优势相法，并结合层序地层学研究成果，把雷口坡组分为7个作图单元，较精确地展示了雷口坡纽不同层段的沉积相展布和演化。研究区内雷口坡期的相对海平面升降变化和台地次级洼隆相间的古地貌共同控制着沉积相带展布和演化。雷口坡组以局限台地相为主，主要发育在雷一段1亚段的台内滩微相，为储集体有利的发育相带，多发育于潮间高处与泻湖的过渡区附近相对高能带。     

High-resolution sequence stratigraphy,sedimentology and reservoir quality evaluation of the Yaojia Formation in the Longxi area of the Western Slope,Songliao Basin,China

Delta-front sand bodies with large remaining hydrocarbon reserves are widespread in the Upper Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in the Longxi area of the Western Slope, Songliao Basin, China. High-resolution sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology are performed based on core observations, well logs, and seismic profile interpretations. An evaluation of the reservoir quality of the Yaojia Formation is critical for further petroleum exploration and development. The Yaojia Formation is interpreted as a third-order sequence, comprising a transgressive systems tract (TST) and a regressive systems tract (RST), which spans 4.5 Myr during the Late Cretaceous. Within this third-order sequence, nine fourth-order sequences (FS9–FS1) are recognized. The average duration of a fourth-order sequence is approximately 0.5 Myr. The TST (FS9–FS5) mostly comprises subaqueous distributary channel fills, mouth bars, and distal bars, which pass upward into shallow-lake facies of the TST top (FS5). The RST (FS4–FS1) mainly contains subaqueous distributary-channel and interdistributary-bay deposits. Based on thin-sections, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high-pressure mercury-intrusion (HPMI) analyses, a petrographic study is conducted to explore the impact of the sedimentary cyclicity and facies changes on reservoir quality. The Yaojia sandstones are mainly composed of lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenites. The sandstone cements mostly include calcite, illite, chlorite, and secondary quartz, occurring as grain coating or filling pores. The Yaojia sandstones have average core plug porosity of 18.55% and permeability of 100.77 × 10⁻³ μm², which results from abundant intergranular pores and dissolved pores with good connectivity. Due to the relatively coarser sediments and abundant dissolved pores in the feldspars, the FS4–FS1 sandstones have better reservoir quality than the FS9–FS5 sandstones, developing relatively higher porosity and permeability, especially the FS1 and FS2 sandstones. The source–reservoir–cap-rock assemblages were formed with the adjoining semi-deep lake mudstones that were developed in the Nenjiang and Qingshankou Formations. This study reveals the deposition and distribution of the delta-front sand bodies of the Yaojia Formation within a sequence stratigraphic framework as well as the factors controlling the Yaojia sandstones reservoir quality. The research is of great significance for the further exploration of the Yaojia Formation in the Longxi area, as well as in other similar lacustrine contexts.     

Stratigraphy and facies distribution of the Utsira formation and the Pliocene sequences in the northern North Sea

The Upper Cenozoic deposits of the northern North Sea have been analysed in order to establish a regional and detailed stratigraphy. The Utsira Formation is subdivided into four log-units and mapped, and two main depocentres are outlined. The lower part of the Utsira Formation consists of thick marine, mounded sand bodies, interpreted as overall stacked lowstand fan deposits, while the upper part of the formation consists of more clayey-silty intervals, indicating increased relative sea level. The succeeding progradational Pliocene deposits are subdivided into 13 high-frequency depositional sequences and are mapped. The sequences are grouped into four composite sequences. Each of the four Pliocene composite sequences is composed of one or two rather locally distributed, prograding sequences (lowstand sequence set), succeeded by one or two more widely distributed aggrading-prograding sequences (transgressive-highstand sequence set). Boundaries between the composite sequences are recorded as marked changes in distribution of depocentres and sequence architecture. The regional uplift of Scandinavia is believed to be the main control on sediment input, feeding the succeeding general prograding Pliocene sequences. Oscillations of the eustatic sea level punctuated the tectonically controlled progradation and affected variations in the accommodation space, and thus created the high-frequency sequences.     

渤海海域XX21-3油田储层特征及储量评价的风险潜力

基于壁心、分析化验、测井曲线等资料,对XX21-3油田馆陶组储层岩性特征、孔隙特征和物性特征等储层特征进行分析,结合区域沉积背景认为馆陶组储层为辫状河心滩沉积,水动力条件的不同是导致N1gⅢ上和N1gⅢ下2个亚油组具有不同物性特征的原因,为后期优选开发层位提供依据。M油田与XX21-3油田相邻,是已开发经验较为成熟的油田,且与XX21-3油田在构造、沉积、储层和原油性质等方面具有相似性。为了规避XX21-3油田在储量评价过程中的风险,挖掘潜力,通过类比和借鉴邻近M油田,认为:1XX21-3油田馆陶组块状底水稠油油藏在不考虑油水界面起伏的理想模式下确定的含油面积存在风险;2N1gⅢ上油组探明油底下推到最大圈闭线计算的控制储量潜力很大。     

琼东南盆地陵水组层序格架及沉积体系的时空配置关系

利用层序地层学、沉积学原理和方法,对琼东南盆地古近系陵水组进行了层序划分和沉积体系时空配置关系的研究。建立了陵水组的层序地层格架,将其划分为Els3、ElS2和Elsl三个三级层序,其层序和体系域变化主要受控于凹陷内沉降中心的分布位置,沉积主要受控于盆地边缘的断坡带。每个三级层序低位体系域发育局限,海侵与高位体系域发育。沉积体系构成以扇三角洲、三角洲、滨海平原和浅海为主。探讨了沉积体系的演化,总结了其时空配置关系的特点。