CHRIS／PROBA高光谱数据的预处理

针对CHRIS／PROBA高光谱遥感数据的特点,对CHRIS影像进行去条带处理、辐射校正、大气校正等预处理,获得较好质量的影像,为影像的进一步分析和实际应用提供保障。     

利用CHRIS/PROBA数据定量反演草地LAI方法研究

以内蒙古锡林河流域典型草地为研究样区,基于新一代微卫星CHRIS/PROBA高光谱遥感数据,利用双层冠层反射率模型(A two - layer Canopy Reflectance Model,ACRM)定量反演叶面积指数(LAI).首先对高光谱数据进行预处理和统计分析,并结合反演结果对角度信息的敏感性进行分析,确定适...     

基于带模型的叶绿素a浓度反演精度评估

为了评估遥感反演叶绿素a浓度的精度,以2004年8月19日太湖38个水质样本数据和同步Hyperion卫星遥感影像数据为基础,借鉴四波段半分析算法,结合空间数据不确定性原理,构建了基于四波段半分析算法的“带模型”.通过研究与探讨可知,当叶绿素a浓度为10～20 μg/L和50～100 μg/L时,叶绿素a浓度的反演误差...     

基于GF-1卫星数据的水库叶绿素a浓度联合反演研究

探明不同区域及不同营养状况下水库叶绿素a的共同敏感波段,基于G F-1号卫星16 m分辨率的多光谱WFV传感器影像构建叶绿素a浓度普适性反演模型.文中以湖南省3种不同营养状况的水库为研究对象,在实测高光谱及GF-1/WFV影像预处理基础上,对比实测高光谱数据与GF-1/WFV影像数据,采用相关性分析筛选叶绿素a敏感波段,基于GF-1/WFV影像数据构建叶绿素a浓度一元回归联合反演模型,生成浓度等级图.研究表明,相关性分析下叶绿素a的敏感波段区间为550～620 nm,波段区间对应影像中的绿波段(520～590 nm),模型反演精度较优,满足水库叶绿素a浓度监测精度要求,可为发展基于遥感影像大面积反演不同污染程度水质叶绿素a浓度提供基础支持.     

基于环境小卫星数据反演太湖叶绿素含量

以太湖为研究对象,根据环境一号卫星数据和实测得到的水面叶绿素a浓度,利用ENVI软件对太湖地区进行校正和裁剪等有关处理并获取光谱信息与实测叶绿素含量来进行建模选取,最后对模型反演结果进行对比并做精度验证。选取了遥感影像成像叶绿素a浓度值,对得到的58个样本进行分析,从样本随机选取2/3的数据用于建模,剩下1/3数据用于模型验证,得到了37个建模样本和20个验证样本,通过验证说明,本文所建立叶绿素a浓度反演模型具有较高的精度。     

多光谱遥感影像大气校正与悬沙浓度反演——以曹妃甸近岸海域为例

遥感影像的大气校正是遥感定量化研究的难点之一。以曹妃甸近岸海域为研究区,以水体悬浮泥沙浓度(suspended sediment concentration,SSC)定量反演为目标,采用6S(second simulation of the satellite signal in the solar spectrum)模型和FLAASH模型对研究区MODIS影像的大气校正方法进行对比实验,对2个模型校正前后的影像质量以及对目标地物信息的校正效果进行了评价。研究结果表明:2种模型均能在一定程度上削弱大气对水体信息的影响;相比之下,6S模型校正后影像质量优于FLAASH模型,能更真实地反映目标地物,可更好地实现对近岸海域遥感影像的高精度大气校正;将6S模型大气校正后的MODIS影像应用于悬浮泥沙浓度的遥感反演,反演结果的平均相对误差为24.79%,均方根误差为4.32 mg/L。研究结果可为近岸海域Ⅱ类水体大气校正方法的选择提供依据,为深化泥沙运移规律研究及水质、水环境评价提供技术支持。     

基于HY-1C卫星CZI影像的多类型内陆水体大气校正及水质参数反演

海洋一号C星(HY-1C)上搭载的海岸带成像仪(CZI)在内陆水体水色遥感应用方面具有较大潜力。目前,HY-1C CZI影像在内陆水体的大气校正和水质反演研究较少,仍然需要解决适用于不同类型内陆水体的大气校正和水质参数建模等问题。因此,本研究在华北平原的小浪底水库、官厅水库、丹江口水库、白龟山水库、白洋淀5个不同浑浊程度的湖泊和水库开展了星地同步实验,获取了85个采样点的水面遥感反射率光谱和水质参数实测数据。发展了基于Sentinel-2 MSI影像均匀不变地物的HY-1C CZI影像相对大气校正算法和系统定标模型。HY-1C CZI的蓝、绿、红、近红外波段遥感反射率反演平均无偏相对误差(AURE)分别为14.7%、11.2%、28.9%、41.7%,蓝、绿、红波段的大气校正精度相对较高;此外,大气校正与实测光谱的相关系数r的平均值为0.978,光谱角度距离(SAD)的平均值为0.109,说明大气校正遥感反射率光谱形状与实测光谱一致性较高。基于实测数据构建了叶绿素a浓度和透明度反演模型,经独立数据验证,HY-1C CZI影像叶绿素a浓度反演的AURE为33.8%,均方根误差(RMSE)...     

基于光谱特征的三峡坝区水色要素反演

基于野外测定的水质参数,通过研究三峡坝区水体中水色要素浓度与反射率之间的关系,选择反演叶绿素、悬浮物、溶解性有机物的最佳波段,建立了反演水色要素浓度的遥感定量模型。研究表明,在波段比值的基础上进行幂次修正的波段组合反射率与SS浓度相关性较好(R2=0.76),可以用来估算悬浮物浓度;悬浮物浓度影响叶绿素浓度的反演精度,通过在模型中增加一个红绿波段比值指数项的方法能够抑制或削弱悬浮物的影响,提高了叶绿素浓度的反演精度(R2=0.75);DOC反演模型中,绿光波段与红光波段反射率的对数值能较好的估算DOC浓度,且与log(DOC)相关程度最高,决定系数为0.85,反演精度较高。     

基于PROBA/CHRIS影像的归一化阴影植被指数NSVI构建与应用效果

开展高光谱遥感影像的阴影检测研究有助于去除阴影,并进一步发挥其高光谱分辨率优势.以多角度高光谱影像PROBA/CHRIS为数据源,尝试从增大明亮区植被、阴影区植被、水体区3种典型地物间光谱的差异入手,利用连续投影算法(successive projection algorithm,SPA)选取特征波段,并分析典型地物在...     

基于GeoEye-1影像的自适应浅海水深反演方法

本文基于GeoEye-1影像研究了自适应浅海水深反演方法在甘泉岛附近浅海区域的适用性.GeoEye-1遥感影像经预处理后,通过反射率计算叶绿素浓度进而确定出对数比值模型的参数进行建模,实现无实测数据的多光谱水深反演,并通过实测数据对反演结果进行验证.结果表明:利用自适应水深反演方法对甘泉岛附近浅海区域水深反演精度较高,...     

三峡坝区水体吸收系数的特征研究

利用2007年11月在三峡坝区现场实测的水色要素吸收系数数据,对总颗粒物、浮游植物、CDOM的吸收系数特征进行了分析和研究。结果表明,对于三峡坝区区域的水体:(1)总颗粒物吸收光谱分布与非藻类的吸收光谱相似;(2)非藻类颗粒物的吸收系数随波长的变化分布接近指数衰减规律,且不同波段的吸收系数之间存在一定的关系;(3)多项式关系能较好的表达浮游植物吸收系数与叶绿素a浓度之间的关系;(4)分段函数能很好的表达CDOM的吸收系数特性,对500nm以下光谱的吸收呈现负指数衰减的规律,不同采样点拟合精度R2接近1;501—700nm波段范围的光谱曲线采用多项式能进行很好的拟和,且拟合精度R2达到95%以上。     

航天高光谱遥感器CHRIS的水体图像大气校正

CHRIS(Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer)是欧空局于2001年10月发射的PROBA-1卫星上搭载的探索性高光谱遥感器,它具备高空间分辨率、多角度观测、高光谱成像等特点,为水质遥感监测提供不可多得的数据源。基于卫星遥感图像定量监测水质,一个关键步骤就是进行精确的大气校正,提取水面反射率。相比陆地遥感图像,水面反射率是弱信号,对大气校正的要求更高。6S(Second Simulation of SatelliteSignal in the Solar Spectrum)和MODTRAN(MOderate resolution TRANsmittance code)是两种常用的大气辐射传输模型。本文选取基于6S的REMS(Remote Sensing Environmental Monitoring System)和基于MODT-RAN的ACORN(Atmospheric CORrection Now)两种大气校正软件,对太湖梅梁湾的三景不同成像角度CHRIS图像进行大气校正,将大气校正后的图像水体反射率与地面同步实测水体反射率进行比较分析。结果表明,经过大气校正的CHRIS图像得到的水面反射率与实测反射率波形十分地接近,在全部波长范围内的相关系数达到90%。分析实测的水体反射率角度特征,发现图像的角度特征更明显。三个观测角度下反射率之间的各差值都呈现出在绿光波段较大,在红光和近红外波段偏小的特点,这和实测结果相符。ACORN校正后的图像的角度特征更好地与实测结果吻合。     

Empirical test of the spectral invariants theory using imaging spectroscopy data from a coniferous forest

The spectral invariants theory presents an alternative approach for modeling canopy scattering in remote sensing applications. The theory is particularly appealing in the case of coniferous forests, which typically display grouped structures and require computationally intensive calculation to account for the geometric arrangement of their canopies. However, the validity of the spectral invariants theory should be tested with empirical data sets from different vegetation types. In this paper, we evaluate a method to retrieve two canopy spectral invariants, the recollision probability and the escape factor, for a coniferous forest using imaging spectroscopy data from multiangular CHRIS PROBA and NADIR-view AISA Eagle sensors. Our results indicated that in coniferous canopies the spectral invariants theory performs well in the near infrared spectral range. In the visible range, on the other hand, the spectral invariants theory may not be useful. Secondly, our study suggested that retrieval of the escape factor could be used as a new method to describe the BRDF of a canopy.     

First results from the PROBA/CHRIS hyperspectral/multiangular satellite system over land and water targets

The Project for On-Board Autonomy (PROBA) platform developed by the European Space Agency was launched on October 22, 2001. The instrument payload includes the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS). The coupled system provides high spatial resolution hyperspectral/multiangular data, which represents a new-generation source of information for Earth observation purposes. The first results obtained from the preprocessing (noise removal and geometric/atmospheric correction) of two different datasets, collected over agricultural crops and inland waters, are presented in this letter. In situ measurements are used to assess the quality of the data and to validate the processing algorithms. The capabilities of this new kind of information for an improved analysis of the surface properties are shown, focusing on the advantages that the coupling between the spectral and the angular domains may have in future Earth observation systems.     

基于多角度遥感物理模型的叶面积指数反演

与传统遥感观测相比,多角度对地观测通过对林木多个方向的观察,可得到丰富的森林三维空结构信息,为定量遥感提供新的途径。本文根据不同遥感数据选择合适的模型并建立相应的查找表。TM/ETM+数据采用混合像元分解模型,CHRIS数据考虑不同森林场景选择不同的遥感物理模型,在选择合适的模型基础上,根据模型的不同敏感参数和试验区选择的特点设计查找表参数,并由模型正演建立查找表,再根据插值的方法由遥感图像的反射率值反演LAI。两种数据反演得到的LAI与MODIS 15A2 LAI产品比较分析。结果表明多角度遥感反演准确率有一定的提高,具有一定的理论研究和实际应用价值。     

Estimation of forest LAI by inverting canopy reflectance models and multi-angle imagery

Computer simulation models have seldom been applied for estimating the structural and biophysical variables of forest canopy. In this study, an approach for the estimation of leaf area index (LAI) using the information contained in hyperspectral, multi-angle images and the inversion of a computer simulation model are explored. For this purpose, L-systems combined with forest growth model ZELIG were applied to render 3-D forest architectural scenarios. The Radiosity-graphics combined model (RGM) was used to estimate forest LAI from the Compact High-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer/Project for On-Board Autonomy (CHRIS/PROBA) data. LAI inversion was performed using the look-up table (LUT) method. The estimated LAI was evaluated against in situ LAI measurement and compared against the LAI predictions from CHRIS data obtained using the Li-Strahler geometric-optical canopy reflectance model (GOMS). The results indicated that the method used in this study can be efficient strategy to estimate LAI by RGM model inversion.     

Estimating chlorophyll content of crops from hyperspectral data using a normalized area over reflectance curve (NAOC)

The Normalized Area Over reflectance Curve (NAOC) is proposed as a new index for remote sensing estimation of the leaf chlorophyll content of heterogeneous areas with different crops, different canopies and different types of bare soil. This index is based on the calculation of the area over the reflectance curve obtained by high spectral resolution reflectance measurements, determined, from the integral of the red–near-infrared interval, divided by the maximum reflectance in that spectral region. For this, use has been made of the experimental data of the SPARC campaigns, where in situ measurements were made of leaf chlorophyll content, LAI and fCOVER of 9 different crops – thus, yielding 300 different values with broad variability of these biophysical parameters. In addition, Proba/CHRIS hyperspectral images were obtained simultaneously to the ground measurements. By comparing the spectra of each pixel with its experimental leaf chlorophyll value, the NAOC was proven to exhibit a linear correlation to chlorophyll content. Calculating the correlation between these variables in the 600–800 nm interval, the best correlation was obtained by computing the integral of the spectral reflectance curve between 643 and 795 nm, which practically covers the spectral range of maximum chlorophyll absorption (at around 670 nm) and maximum leaf reflectance in the infrared (750–800 nm). Based on a Proba/CHRIS image, a chlorophyll map was generated using NAOC and compared with the land-use (crops classification) map. The method yielded a leaf chlorophyll content map of the study area, comprising a large heterogeneous zone. An analysis was made to determine whether the method also serves to estimate the total chlorophyll content of a canopy, multiplying the leaf chlorophyll content by the LAI. To validate the method, use was made of the data from another campaign ((SEN2FLEX), in which measurements were made of different biophysical parameters of 7 crops, and hyperspectral images were obtained with the CASI imaging radiometer from an aircraft. Applying the method to a CASI image, a map of leaf chlorophyll content was obtained, which on, establishing comparisons with the experimental data allowed us to estimate chlorophyll with a root mean square error of 4.2 μg/cm², similar or smaller than other methods but with the improvement of applicability to a large set of different crop types.     

基于环境因素的沿岸水域叶绿素遥感探测研究

海洋叶绿素的调查一直是海洋生物资源与海洋生态学的研究重点。遥感技术是海洋叶绿素调查的有力工具。利用遥感光谱信号探测海水叶绿素在大洋水体(一类水体)中十分成功,但在沿岸水体(二类水体)的精度却不高,主要是由于悬浮泥沙、黄色物质等的干扰太大。从叶绿素的生存条件入手,提出了利用海水叶绿素环境生存因子作为辅助因素的方法建立叶绿素遥感探测模型。并以珠江口海域作为研究对象展开试验,结果表明:环境因子的引用,使模型的误差从32·48%降为17·96%,精度大大提高,从而证明该方法的可行性和有效性。