基于资源三号卫星影像的极地1∶50000无地面控制成图技术研究

利用国产自主研发的立体测图卫星资源三号卫星遥感影像,采用无地面控制区域网平差方法,试生产极地地区1∶50 000 3D(DLG,DEM,DOM)地理信息产品.通过试生产提出极地1∶50 000比例尺数据成图技术流程图,并对其数据处理过程中的关键技术进行研究和分析,提出相关的技术要求.     

国产高分辨率遥感影像几何定位精度分析

随着卫星、计算机和传感器技术的不断发展,高分辨率遥感影像在国民经济中的作用越来越明显,其高精度几何定位成了获取基础地理数据的关键步骤。本文以资源三号和高分二号影像为研究对象,通过数字正射校正,分析了在无控制点和不同控制点下的国产高分辨率遥感影像定位精度。实验结果表明：资源三号影像在无控制点情况下定位精度满足1∶100 000比例尺数字正射影像图生产要求,在1个控制点时定位精度满足1∶50 000比例尺数字正射影像图生产要求,不低于3个控制点时定位精度满足1∶25 000比例尺数字正射影像图生产要求;高分二号影像在无控制点时能够满足1∶5 000比例尺数字正射影像图生产要求,在不少于3个控制点时能满足1∶5 000比例尺数字正射影像图生产要求。     

基于资源三号卫星的境外数字高程模型生产

基于“数字湄公河地理空间框架建设示范项目”,本项目选取老挝万象市作为试验区域,利用国产卫星资源三号影像数据,开展境外1∶50 000比例尺数字高程模型生产试验,并进行实地精度检验,为未来我国开展全球1∶50 000比例尺3D数据生产提供有益的借鉴。     

资源三号卫星影像在1∶50000数据生产中的应用

基于资源三号卫星影像,分析了资源三号卫星定向建模的精度,分别基于不同地形类别的测绘数据生产,并进行精度比对分析,总结出不同软件处理资源三号卫星影像的技巧,对于数据生产精度进行统计分析,总结出了资源三号卫星影像可应用于1∶50 000测图项目的结论,为以后的测绘生产提供作业思路,积累了宝贵经验。     

南极查尔斯王子山脉1∶50000基础地理信息获取方法

南极查尔斯王子山脉实地科学考察的顺利开展需要该区域1∶50 000基础地理信息数据作为支撑。国产高分辨率资源三号立体影像为基础地理信息数据的获取提供了必要的遥感数据支持。充分利用资源三号立体数据,在冰、云和陆地高程卫星(the ice,cloud,and land elevation satellite,ICESat)上的地学激光测高系统(Geoscience Laser Altimeter System,GLAS)等多源遥感信息的辅助下,制作了南极查尔斯王子山脉1∶50 000基础地理信息成果,并对其进行了精度分析。分析结果表明,数字高程模型(DEM)的高程精度优于5.31m,数字正射影像图(DOM)成果与南极洲陆地卫星影像镶嵌图比较的较差中误差为16.30m。因此,在南极地区利用资源三号立体数据集成各种遥感数据制作1∶50 000基础地理信息成果是高效实用的。     

一种资源三号测绘卫星系统几何校正产品的生产方法

文章设计了基于资源三号测绘卫星的传感器校正产品(一级产品)来生产系统几何校正产品(二级产品)的关键技术流程,通过构建传感器校正影像和系统几何校正影像间像素对应关系,以及传感器校正产品的严密成像几何模型,提出并推导了系统几何校正产品的严密成像几何模型,并构建其有理多项式模型。实验结果表明,此方法生产的资源三号测绘卫星系统几何校正产品的几何精度较高,整体精度优于传感器校正产品,并能够满足1∶50 000立体测图的要求。     

关于IKONOS卫星遥感影像制作1∶10000测绘产品的探讨

通过对采用高分辨率卫星遥感影像IKONOS进行1∶10 000基础测绘产品的生产工艺流程等方面进行探讨,为基础地理信息产品的获取提供一条新的途径。     

资源三号测绘卫星影像产品精度分析与验证

资源三号测绘卫星提供了多种影像产品以满足不同用户的需求。本文首先介绍了资源三号测绘卫星多级影像产品及其制作方法,其中传感器校正产品、系统几何纠正产品、精纠正产品均带RFM(Rational Function Model),可进一步平差生产4D产品。利用登封和安平地区资源三号测绘卫星数据验证多级影像产品的定位精度和利用其制作的DSM(Digital Surface Model)和GTC（Geocoded Terrain Corrected）的精度,系统几何纠正产品与传感其校正产品精度相同,精纠正产品无控定位精度较高,而系统几何纠正产品与精纠正产品的平差精度与传感器校正产品的精度相同。利用资源三号测绘卫星数据制作的登封地区DSM和GTC的平面中误差为2.5米,高程中误差2.5米,安平地区平面中误差1.6米,高程中误差1.5米,高程精度满足1：50 000 DSM一级精度要求,平面精度满足1：50 000 DOM的精度要求。     

资源三号和天绘一号卫星影像联合平差

按照不同的控制点布控方案,对资源三号和天绘一号卫星影像进行联合平差。联合平差结果满足1∶50 000制图及更大比例尺地图的生产更新要求。该方法能提高测绘资源利用率,应用前景广泛。     

资源三号卫星影像立体测图在我国西部山地区域的应用

为了填补我国西部山地1∶10 000地形图空白区域,更好地服务西部山地区域经济建设发展,本文以资源三号卫星影像为数据源,选取我国西部某省山地区域作为试验区,着重介绍利用PixelGrid软件制作立体建型,按照省级基础测绘产品要求进行地形图生产,验证资源三号卫星立体测图能力。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。