MD－2型磁变仪数据采集系统的研制

介绍了为俄罗斯石英光电磁变仪配接的ＭＤ－２型磁变仪数据采集系统的设计、性能特点，及其与俄磁变仪组成的数字磁变仪系统在北京地磁中心台完成数字化记录的应用结果．     

MD－2型磁变仪数据采集系统的研制

介绍了为俄罗斯石英光电磁变仪配接的ＭＤ－２型磁变仪数据采集系统的设计、性能特点，及其与俄磁变仪组成的数字磁变仪系统在北京地磁中心台完成数字化记录的应用结果．     

The digital recording system operated at the U.K. magnetic observatories

A digital recording system has been operated at the U.K. observatories since 1979. The magnetic elementsH, D, andZ are monitored continuously by a triaxial fluxgate magnetometer operating in the variometer mode. Ordinate values are recorded at 30-sec intervals. Total field and the temperature of the variometer chamber are measured at the start of each 10-min data block.Fluxgate magnetometer baseline values are derived from absolute measurements made by proton vector magnetometer and Kew declinometer in the conventional manner.In this paper the data handling procedures are described and the quality of the data over a period of two years is discussed.     

数字磁变仪的设计与实现

本文介绍了石英光电磁变仪及其数字化采集，记录的设计和实现，并讨论了数字磁变仪系统在地磁台站的应用结果。     

肇庆地磁台磁通门磁力仪对比分析

对2003年肇庆地磁台GM3和Flare-plus磁通门磁力仪的H、D、Z分量观测数据.进行了趋势变化、均值、方差一致性检验以及基线值分析,认为两台磁力仪的观测数据具有同等观测精度和一致的变化趋势,仅均值存在较小的差别,已达到了国内高精度地磁观测的水平.与英国产的Flare-plus磁力仪相比,国产GM3磁力仪的观测精度和稳定性部分性能已达到世界上高精度数字地磁观测仪器的水平,但仪器的总体稳定性,传感器探头受温度影响的程度、仪器零漂等指标还需进一步提高.     

磁变仪布局的研究

本文提出了改进磁变仪布局的必要性和布局标准,对磁变仪定向及其稳定性、标度值稳定性和分量仪间允许的最小间距进行了研究,提出了可以提高磁变仪记录质量的改进布局和满足布局全部标准的新布局,改进布局特别是新布局可以显著提高磁变仪保持定向、抗干扰能力,获得记录标度值稳定的较理想的磁照图。     

地震地磁效应的分形布朗运动的性质及应用

重标极差分析法（R/S,rescaled range analysis method）,是研究分数布朗运动及自然现象的自仿射分形的有力工具之一,对于所有时间序列分析都有着广泛的用途．通过对天水台绝对地磁观测Z分量数据序列R/S分析,计算分段数据序列的Hurst指数H发现,昆仑山口西MS8.1地震和汶川MS8.0地震震前2—3个月,H值减小,分维数D增大,相关系数C为负值．这一动态变化表明,地震前数据序列由持久性序列发展为反持久性序列,观测数据的成分发生了改变．这与地壳内部应力变化和岩石破裂实验结果相符．所以,这一动态变化过程可以看作是强震前的一种前兆信号．      

A nonpendular gravitational variometer

A conceptual scheme and the theory of a new variometer (without a torsion system) with four precision two-axis tiltmeters are presented. It is shown that the variometer makes it possible to measure all 6 independent components of a second derivative tensor of gravitational potential with an error of about ±1 E and at the same time to increase the efficiency of survey work and also to measure all 10 independent components of a third derivative tensor of the gravitational potential.     

提高水平分量磁变仪定向稳定性及记录线性的新布局实验

实践表明，改进后的磁变仪布局优于原布局，可以显著提高Ｈ磁变仪磁针保持定向能力和Ｈ磁变仪记录抗Ｄ变干扰能力并解决其记录非线性问题，使磁变仪记录线性、趋于理想化。     

泰安地震台GM-4仪观测中台阶干扰分析

自2008年12月以来,泰安地震台的地磁观测数据在Z分量一直存在一种出现时间和持续时间长度均不规则的小幅度台阶干扰.分析此种干扰的特点,在泰安地震台的相对记录室、绝对观测室和山洞等不同场地进行实地对比观测试验,确定干扰仅出现在相对记录室,应属于供电干扰.通过排查分析,最终确定照明电路是导致该干扰的原因.     

One year experience with the CMVS 2 magnetic variation station

A year's operation of a digitally recording variometer (CMVS 2) employing a Bobrov magnetometer is described. The equipment provides hourly mean values of the geomagnetic component on paper tape. It has a range of outputs including analogue recording of the field variations which can be measured in the range 0–1999.9 nT with a sensitivity of 0.1 nT. After a running in period of some months the standard deviation of baseline values is in the range 1.5–2nT with a drift rate of about 2nT per month.     

Magnetic study of metabasic rocks of Gomoh (India)

Summary A magnetic study of metabasic dykes of pre-Cambrian age in Gomoh has been done. 9 magnetic profiles have been taken with Schmidt vertical force variometer. Direction and intensity of NRM have been determined for 25 oriented samples with an astatic magnetometer. Magnetic susceptibility of the samples has been determined. The magnetic profiles have been interpreted by considering both natural remanence and susceptibility of the rock samples. The remanent magnetic directions have two groups, one corresponding to the northern hemisphere and the other to the southern hemisphere. The corresponding latitudes of the place would then be 34°N and 42°S. It is suggested here that metamorphism of the basic rocks of this area took place during two distinct geologic epochs, one when India was in northern hemisphere and the other when in southern hemisphere, presuming that continental drift has taken place.     

兰州台CZB-1型竖直摆倾斜仪漂移的分析研究

分析研究了兰州观象台CZB-1型竖直摆倾斜仪资料的漂移现象,并依据日均值曲线的漂移趋势,对日均值进行了漂移的剔除。     

SSQ-Ⅱ双轴气泡倾斜仪及其调和分析

SSQ-Ⅱ双轴气泡倾斜仪,在全国倾斜仪器比测中,其灵敏度达10-9量级,漂移量小,固体潮汐记录清晰,M2波值精度能够满足我国Ⅰ类台的要求。 根据1983年12月——1984年5月,共6个月在徐州比测的资料,用维涅第科夫法进行调和分析,M2波的达0.004,S2波的为0.009。      

兰州地磁台GM3磁力仪基线值变化特征和处理方法探讨

根据兰州地磁台2002年GM3磁通门磁力仪观测基线值数据,分析了基线值的变化规律和影响因素,并把影响因素定量掺入到对基线的平滑过程中,将得到的结果与FHD-1仪观测数据的处理结果做比较,得出基线值主要受温度系数和漂移影响。在对基线值进行平滑时定量考虑温度系数对基线值的影响程度,是提高地磁最终观测结果精确度可行且有效的方法。     

1654年甘肃天水南8级地震补充考证

简要回顾了1654年天水南8级地震的研究历史,结合原有史料和新补充调查所获得的资料,核定了各破坏点的地震烈度,进而改绘了地震等震线图,其长轴方向为NE向。此次地震除造成大范围的城垣毁坏、房屋倒塌和人员伤亡之外,滑坡、山崩和堰塞湖等地震地质灾害也非常严重。其极震区位于礼县以东的西汉水河谷永兴镇—罗家堡—天水镇一带。该区发育了全新世活动的礼县—罗家堡断裂,其性质为左旋走滑兼正断。根据最新调查结果,该断裂沿礼县—盐关—罗家堡一带保存了地震陡坎、纹沟左旋和地震沟槽等地震地表破裂带形迹,其地理位置与历史资料考证所确定的极震区范围一致,印证了二者结论的可靠性和合理性。     

基于Newmark模型的概率地震滑坡危险性分析方法研究

本文以天水地区为研究区,结合地震潜在震源区模型和Newmark位移预测方程,采用概率地震危险性分析方法,计算了该地区50年超越概率10%水平下的Newmark位移。同时,根据天水地区50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度,并结合Newmark位移与阿里亚斯烈度的关系式,计算了天水地区在遭受50年超越概率10%下的阿里亚斯烈度影响时,潜在滑坡体产生的Newmark位移分布。通过比较上述两种方法得到的天水地区不同Newmark位移的分布特征,本文认为二者虽然存在较大差异,但其空间分布特征均能反映天水地区每个场点处的相对滑坡危险性。对滑坡危险性水平进行分区的结果显示,天水地区60%以上的区域具有高地震滑坡危险性,50%以上的区域具有甚高地震滑坡危险性。本文的研究结果可以作为天水地区地震危险性及风险评估的参考资料,也可以作为天水地区城市规划、土地使用规划、地震应急准备以及其它公共政策制定的参考资料。      

Threshold sensitivity of quartz variometers with negative feedback

The maximum achievable parameters of magnetometers based on optomechanical quartz variometers are studied in connection with the planned transition of the international network Intermagnet to 1-s recording and the need to provide the network of Russian geomagnetic observatories with domestic magnetometers that satisfy Intermagnet requirements. The mechanism of negative feedback effect on the sensitivity threshold of a variometer with an optoelectronic angle transducer is shown. The optimization criterion for the size and shape of the magnets made of different magnetic materials is defined by the maximum ratio of the magnetic moment to the inertial moment. Theoretical and experimental evaluation of the variometer noise level is based on vicalloy and samarium–cobalt. It is shown that the frequency range of magnetometers with variometers based on vicalloy and samarium–cobalt will be bounded from above by frequencies of 1.6 and 6.4 Hz, respectively, at a threshold sensitivity of about 1 pT. These ratios of the frequency and threshold sensitivity for the given magnetic materials are probably limited for quartz variometers with an optoelectronic angle transducer.     

Methods and technique of measurements of ρ<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis></Subscript> variations by GEOMES-R6 device

Upgrading of the electrical resistance variometer GEOMES-R6 of the Institute of Geophysics of the Poland Academy of Sciences, with enhancement of functional capabilities of the GEOMES assemblage for its application in laboratory measurements on rock samples, has been carried out. The assemblage operation principle, specifications, and theory of operation are given. Results of the assemblage test at measurements on marble sample and concrete model are presented. It is shown that the installation allows long-duration registration of variations of the value ρ _k on high-ohmic samples.     

岷县漳县6.6级地震前天水花牛水氡异常可靠性研究

2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震前甘肃天水花牛的水氡出现了与汶川8.0级地震极为相似的异常变化并在震前已被重点跟踪.为了对花牛水氡2013年出现的异常与岷县漳县地震的关系给出合理的判断,本文分析了花牛水氡正常的趋势背景和年变化形态,给出了正常背景和异常变化的判别指标;分析了花牛水氡的主要影响因素,认为气温是花牛水氡出现年变的主要因素,日降雨量达到一定量级才能引起水氡的短暂变化;着重从水氡测值的可靠性、影响因素的不一致性、多学科前兆变化的协调性、异常的重现性、异常与岷县地震的时空相关性等方面对2013年4月以来的异常进行了详细的分析和论证.研究结果可以判定,2013年4月以来天水花牛水氡出现的异常作为岷县漳县6.6级地震的异常是可信并可靠的.