娘子关泉域径流-排泄区岩溶水污染特征及成因分析

娘子关泉域径流-排泄区主要分布于山西省阳泉市,泉域内岩溶水是阳泉市重要的供水水源。分析评价了泉域径流-排泄区水质变化,结果显示岩溶水污染严重,主要污染物为SO2-4、总硬度、TDS。岩溶水中SO2-4的浓度来源对判别总硬度和TDS的污染源具有指示性意义,应用硫同位素(34S)计算表明采煤是岩溶水水质污染的重要原因。与2003年水质对比,地表水和岩溶水中SO2-4来自煤系硫的比重都有所增加,尤其以岩溶水排泄区的增长速率最大。     

柳林泉域岩溶地下水资源开发利用现状分析

通过对柳林泉域岩溶地下水开发利用现状进行系统分析研究,,总结出柳林泉域岩溶地下水资源在开发利用中存在的主要问题,得出实施柳林泉域内保护岩溶水水质、水量和污水处理回用及节约用水等工程性措施同步协调进行的结论。     

临汾市岩溶大泉保护研究

岩溶水是临汾市工农业与城市的主要供水水源,对临汾市经济社会的发展起着举足轻重的作用。近年来,由于人类活动和大规模开发岩溶水,使得岩溶泉域水环境发生了很大变化,岩溶泉水流量趋势性衰减、区域岩溶水位持续下降、水质遭受污染等岩溶水文地质环境问题日趋严重,给当地工农业生产和人民生活带来了巨大影响,对当地生态环境造成了严重的破坏。本文通过科学划分岩溶泉保护区,合理开采岩溶水,避免水质受到污染、为保障居民饮水安全及身体健康提供技术支持。     

煤矿开采对娘子关泉域岩溶地下水水质的影响分析

娘子关泉域内煤系地层分布面积近4 500 km2,占泉域总面积的60%以上,由于煤矿长期、大规模的开采对泉域岩溶地下水水质造成了较大的影响。分析煤矿采煤期间和闭坑后两种情况下矿坑水对岩溶水水质的影响及其污染途径。认为:煤矿开采期间,煤层及周围地层中有硫铁矿发生氧化及水解反应,矿坑水中硫酸根离子、总硬度、矿化度含量均比天然地下水高,煤矿关闭后会在矿坑内形成老窖水,造成严重污水环境问题,对此应足够重视,治理污染,保护娘子关泉域地下水。     

邢台市区地下水饮用水源污染成因及规律的探讨

邢台市区地下饮用水源位于太行山前储存两种相当丰富的岩溶水和孔隙水的百泉泉域径流排泄区。令人担忧的是：浅层孔隙水已受到轻度污染，深层岩溶水出现个别水井水质超标。本文针对几起地下饮用水源污染事例，探讨岩溶水饮用水源污染成因和规律。     

兰村泉域岩溶水位动态遗传回归模型与岩溶地下水保护

近年来对兰村泉域岩溶地下水的大规模开采导致了兰村泉断流、泉域地下水位大幅下降等一系列问题。本次研究在分析兰村泉域1960年到2003年间岩溶地下水动态特征的基础上,建立该区地下水位动态遗传回归模型,定量分析了各种影响因素对系统岩溶地下水位动态的作用强度。最后,提出了包括削减人工开采、增加入渗补给等保护兰村泉域岩溶水的对策和方案。     

北京西山泉域岩溶水系统特征探讨

北京西山地区岩溶地下水主要以相对独立的岩溶地下水系统进行循环,其水文地质条件、系统结构模式及其水资源的重要性等,在北方具有代表性。文章主要以北京西山鱼谷洞泉域岩溶水系统、黑龙关泉域岩溶水系统、玉泉山泉域岩溶水系统为研究对象,从岩溶含水层结构、地下水循环、地质构造等方面,总结出北京西山泉域岩溶水系统特征主要为:双层含水层结构、多个子系统构成且多点排泄、系统内岩溶水转化关系复杂多样、岩溶水富集带及系统边界集中在逆冲断层处。      

三姑泉域岩溶水边界划分研究

本文依据三姑泉域岩溶水边界独特的地质场、水动力场、水位动态及水文网特征等．划分、分析其边界范围和性质。正确的边界划分及其性质的确定，不仅是评价泉域岩溶水资源量的基础．也是加强水资源管理和防治水资源污染的前提。     

山西娘子关泉群及其水的来源

娘子关泉域群泉是中国北方最大的岩溶泉,泉域汇水面积达7 436 km2,前人认为:泉域内岩溶水由北、西、南3面向娘子关一带径流汇集,由于娘子关一带下奥陶系燧石团块或条带白云岩相对隔水层隆起,并被桃河侵蚀出露,使岩溶地下水溢出地表成泉群,其主要含水层为中奥陶系含石膏碳酸盐岩。但各泉的水化学、同位素特征有差异,娘子关泉群并不是出自统一源。文章通过水化学、同位素、水文地质剖面等方法研究得出: 娘子关泉域存在两个含水层、三个子系统:中奥陶系灰岩含水层和中上寒武系白云岩含水层;西部奥陶系岩溶水系统、东部奥陶系岩溶水系统和东部中上寒武系岩溶水系统。泉域内城西泉与程家泉出露于中奥陶系下马家沟组泥灰岩之上,含水层为中奥陶系灰岩裂隙、溶隙水,由于区域下马家沟组泥灰岩隆起隔水出露地表成泉,属于东部奥陶系岩溶水系统;坡底泉、五龙泉、河北泉、水帘洞泉、苇泽关泉其补给主要来源于中上寒武系含水岩组,为承压上升泉,属于东部中上寒武系岩溶水系统。      

娘子关泉域岩溶地下水开发利用现状及保护管理建议探析

通过对娘子关泉域岩溶水开发利用现状及存在的主要问题的分析,提出应通过娘子关泉水流量保护目标、水质保护目标和岩溶水凿井开采总量控制目标,制定岩溶水资源保护与管理规范性文件、严格控制岩溶地下水的开采措施、提高污水回用率实现污水资源化和开展煤矿老窑水水污染调查与防治技术研究等保护管理措施,合理开发利用地下水资源,实现水资源可持续利用。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of