孟加拉湾晚第四纪的季风气候及其古海洋学记录

分析了研究区季风的形成、演变及其控制因素 ,指出强烈的盐度对比是在北印度洋占主导地位的季风气候系统的直接反映。通过位于孟加拉湾地区的 3支岩心 MD771 81、MD771 83和MD771 69的 δ1 8O值所反映的表层海水盐度变化的分析 ,认为研究区全新世及末次冰期—间冰期氧同位素第 3期西南季风强烈 ,末次冰期最盛期氧同位素第 2期西南季风微弱。通过与阿拉伯海等地区进行对比 ,进一步证明南亚季风的主要驱动因素是周期为 2 3 ka的低纬度太阳辐射。     

苏门答腊海区末次间冰期以来的季风上升流活动记录

对苏门答腊海域BAR9432岩芯末次间冰期以来的氧碳同位素、AMS14C测年、浮游有孔虫组合及其所反映的古生产力、温盐及温跃层变化的研究结果表明:研究区132kaB.P.以来气候变化的特点,明显受冰期间冰期海平面波动的影响,在此基础上,还与23ka岁差周期引起的北半球高纬太阳辐射变化密切相关.末次间冰期阶段,海平面较高...     

苏北泗洪晚更新世淮河古菱齿象化石层位及其古环境

苏北泗洪县石集乡毛山村桂台附近上更新统戚嘴组上部地层新发现一具保存相当完整的淮河古菱齿象(Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis)骨架化石。经化石发掘及地层剖面调查,推算该象站立时肩高超过4m,死亡年龄约50岁,时代为晚更新世MIS 3间冰期(距今约5万年),在河漫滩沼泽湿地饮水或进食期间淤陷被埋葬。化石地点所在的盱眙—泗洪丘陵岗地沉积区,第四纪地层自下而上显示了更新世冰期—间冰期反复交替的过程:更新世豆冲组沉积于MIS 97间冰期初始阶段,泊岗组沉积于MIS 17~MIS 9之间的间冰期,戚嘴组沉积于MIS 5~MIS 3之间的间冰期,全新统连云港组沉积于MIS 1间冰期。这些组之间大多呈假整合接触,是其间各冰期造成的地层缺失。古菱齿象就是在更新世冰期—间冰期反复交替中演化分异出众多个体大小差异很大的种和亚种,以适应变化的环境,其中淮河古菱齿象就是体形向大型化演化的代表之一。     

南海更新世以来Botryocyrtis scutum(放射虫)的丰度变化及其地层和古海洋学意义

试图通过南海更新世以来3个柱状样中Botryocyrtis scutum (放射虫) 的研究, 探讨其地层和古海洋学意义. 根据南海更新世以来3个柱状样中Botryocyrtis scutum的丰度变化与氧同位素记录的对比研究发现, 氧同位素18期以来Botryocyrtis scutum丰度变化与氧同位素记录有较好的对应关系, 其丰度变化随冰期与间冰期旋回而波动.冰期丰度降低, 间冰期丰度增加.其丰度变化基本上与氧同位素记录一样, 反映了冰期与间冰期旋回, 并且可以作为地层划分和对比的工具.      

中国黄土高原西部马兰黄土记录的MIS3气候特征与全球气候记录的对比研究

对黄土高原西部临夏塬堡剖面的研究表明:56.1～25.0kaB.P.相当于末次冰期大间冰阶或深海氧同位素第3阶段可划分为56.1～42.2kaB.P.强温湿、39.3～33.1kaB.P.弱温湿、31～25kaB.P.中等温湿的3个温湿期和42.2～39.3kaB.P.,33.1～31.0kaB.P.的两个干冷期,且没有记录前人认为的所谓“高温大降水事件”。全球不同区域同期气候记录的对比分析证明:“高温大降水事件”只是局部气候演变的产物,其影响范围是有限的,将末次冰期晚期40～30kaB.P.全部升格为间冰期的说法有待商榷。在深海氧同位素第3阶段成因机制的探讨中,究竟是太阳辐射量的变化诱导北半球冰量的变化,从而诱发末次冰期这一温湿时期的产生,还是在较大程度上受太阳辐射量的变化更直接一些,尚需做更多的工作。     

我国东部晚第四纪气候演变

晚第四纪气候演变有3个主要阶段:最后间冰期、大理冰期和冰后期。最后间冰期分3个暖期和2个冰期,最高温高于现在4℃。大理冰期分3个副冰期和2个副间冰期,最低温低于现在8—13℃;但冰暖变幅7—8℃的气候旋回可达10个。冰后期气候变化分4个阶段,冷暖变幅仅5-6℃。气候变化全过程表明,未来气候趋向变冷,人为影响只能起减缓或促进作用,而不能转变总趋向。     

论库姆塔格沙漠羽毛状断裂的成因 ——“八一泉运动”及其与青藏高原隆升、 气候变化的关系

通过野外调查和同位素测年, 讨论了库姆塔格沙漠羽毛状断裂的形成与"八一泉运动"有关, 纠正了前人所说的八一泉雅丹下部褶皱断裂地层属上新世地层的传统概念, 实际上是早更新世湖相地层于中更新世晚期因发生八一泉构造运动形成的褶皱断裂的变形地层带. 所称的上新世地层实际是中更新世晚期的变形地层, 这也是227 ka BP左右的"八一泉运动"的证据, 讨论了它在青藏高原的隆升过程中的特殊阶段, 及其对青藏高原以北地区气候环境的影响, 重新建立了青藏高原隆升与冰期、 间冰期气候变化的序列, 并首次探讨了与中国东部冰缘期的对比问题.     

青藏高原米林地区晚更新世晚期植被演替与环境变迁

位于青藏高原南部的米林地区在晚更新世晚期沉积了一套湖相沉积体系,为了探讨当时米林地区的古植被、古环境信息,在米林机场实测了一条晚更新世晚期剖面。根据样品14C测年结果初步认定该剖面湖积物的底部年龄约40kaBP,顶部年龄约12kaBP。根据孢粉分析研究把该剖面自下而上划分为4个孢粉组合带以及对应的4个植被发展演替阶段:①第一阶段(对应孢粉组合带Ⅰ;36～28kaBP)为森林草甸植被类型;②第二阶段(对应孢粉组合带Ⅱ;28～23kaBP)为高山草原植被类型;③第三阶段(对应孢粉组合带Ⅲ;23～18kaBP)为蒿草草原植被类型;④第四阶段(对应孢粉组合带Ⅳ;16～13kaBP)为荒漠草原植被类型。在此基础上,初步推论青藏高原南部晚更新世晚期气候环境演化为:从40kaBP至全新世高原南部气候类型总体寒冷偏干旱出现小型波动,与全球的冰期和间冰期吻合较好。     

南海北部ODP 1144站中更新世气候转型期有孔虫稳定同位素古气候意义

中更新世气候转型期是第四纪古气候研究的一个特殊时期。利用大洋钻探ODP 184航次在南海北部钻取的1144站时间分辨率高达约290年的沉积物样品，开展中更新世气候转型期古气候变化的研究。在中更新世距今80~100万年前，浮游和底栖有孔虫壳体的稳定氧碳同位素变化揭示出，中更新世气候转型中心，即中更新世革命0.9 Ma左右，南海北部表层海水温度的降低和降水量的增加指示东亚冬、夏季风增强。以中更新世革命为界，水体垂向结构上温跃层和营养跃层的深度从之前的间冰期较浅转变为之后的间冰期较深，底层水与表层水的垂直温度梯度从冰期时较大转变为冰期时较小。轨道尺度上，冰消期时南海北部的表层水、次表层水和底层水的变化几乎是同时发生的，不存在超前或滞后的相位差。千年尺度上，有孔虫的氧碳同位素变化都呈现出非常明显的约0.8 ka和约1.4 ka的气候波动周期。氧同位素0.8 ka滤波显示出：在中更新世气候转型期，较强的信号主要出现在间冰期，有时也出现在冰期，与晚第四纪千年尺度气候波动主要出现在冰期不同，说明中更新世的气候转型不仅表现在轨道尺度的气候周期变化上，同时也体现在千年尺度气候波动的特征变化中。      

大洋环流型式转换在冰期旋回中的作用及经典第四纪冰期论质疑

迄今所获的地质证据，包括深海沉积物氧同位素，大陆冰盖，山地冰川以及南北两极冰芯记录，均表明最后一次冰期冬止始于１４０００ａＢ．Ｐ．前，先天米兰科维奇天文理论推算的最大太阳辐射率的出现。地质记录同时表明，冰期－间冰期振荡以时间上不对称的１０００００ａ周期为主。这一非对称性以漫长的冰盖建造和迅速的冰盖消融为特征。而轨道要素引起的太阳辐射率波动以４１０００ａ，２３０００ａ和１９０００ａ周期为主。因此，地     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of