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因基阵各通道不均衡,使得水声接收系统波束形成时,目标检测、方位估计等性能经常达不到预期。分析了各通道信噪比、辐值、相位影响波束信噪比的机理,提出了一种减小基阵各通道不均衡的方法,并利用实测数据进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:该方法可有效地提高水声接收系统的目标检测、方位估计等性能。 相似文献
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为解决多传感器水下目标纯方位跟踪中的传感器测量衰减问题,建立水下目标静态多传感器纯方位跟踪模型,将传感器测量衰减建模为统计特性已知的随机变量,基于融合中心接收到的各水声传感器的原始测量值,设计了一种集中式状态估计器结构,利用最小方差方法推导出最优的集中式目标状态估计增益。通过算例仿真可以得出,所提出的算法能够在水声传感器不做机动的前提下跟踪目标,弥补了单个水声传感器观测性不足的缺点,对比传统的集中式Kalman估计器,具有更高的精度,能够有效解决传感器测量衰减问题。 相似文献
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波束形成最重要的目的是定向,线列阵的波束形成技术在水声领域中作为接收和检测信号的基本方法已被广泛运用。由于方位估计需要大孔径基阵,而在水中兵器中,为解决小平台目标俯仰角估计问题, 提出一种基于线列阵的 Notch 窄带波束形成方法。主要介绍了基于线列阵的 Notch 窄带波束形成的结构、概念和实现方法,以及基于实测数据条件下的目标俯仰角估计仿真。 相似文献
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矢量传感器是一种新型水声传感器。介绍了应用矢量传感器确定目标方位的理论和方法,给出了仿真和实验研究结果,讨论了矢量传感器具体体积小、输出信号多、抗各向同性干扰等特性。最后定性地分析了目标方位的方位估值误差。 相似文献
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水声通信和测距能力是实现水下航行器准确定位的重要技术手段。当前基于水声定位的方法主要有利用测距和测向功能的水声定位技术以及水声测距辅助导航技术,二者的系统物理复杂度都比较高。本文提出了一种基于单水声信标距离量测的匹配定位方法,航行器在水声信标测距覆盖范围内,利用航行过程中多次测距信息构建测距圆序列形成位置约束,基于航位推算导航信息,将航行器在连续测距时间段内的相对航迹在圆序列上进行最优匹配,从而获得位置估计,通过对测距误差进行补偿可进一步提升定位精度。本方法所需物理系统结构复杂度低、可操作性强,仿真实验表明,该方法可以独立实现较高精度的定位。 相似文献
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基于单矢量水听器四种方位估计方法 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
单矢量水听器能同时拾取声场的声压和振速信息,可以估计目标方位。根据不同的噪声背景和信号形式,单矢量水听器有多种方位估计方法。平均声强器的处理方法能很好地抗各向同性的非相干干扰;线谱方位估计能有效检测辐射线谱信号的目标,并进行目标方位估计。当宽带信号中存在线谱相干干扰,以及线谱信号被宽带相干噪声干扰时,上述两种方法不能检测目标。为解决这个问题,新提出了直方图和加权直方图两种方法,直方图方位估计法能抗强线谱相干干扰,并能区分含线谱的多目标;加权直方图方位估计法能从宽带相干干扰中检测目标,估计目标方位。并着重介绍了后两种方法的原理,对四种方法进行了计算机仿真,并用海试结果验证了上述结论。 相似文献
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自适应Notch滤波器在相位估计中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文阐述了自适应Notch滤波器的基本原理,并应用于超短基线水声定位系统的相位估计中,采用了先进的信号处理器TMS32010及自适应LMS算法,模拟试验结果证明,这种相位估计方法是可行的,经过若干改进后可付诸实用。 相似文献
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本文介绍了一种水声扩谱通讯中,应用子波对多普勒效应进行补偿的方法。针对多普勒效应本身是否会随时间变化,分别应用直接估计、自适应估计的方法。其中自适应多普勒补偿方法同自适应信道均衡算法结合在一起,对多普勒漂移、信道参数进行联合估计。两种方法都应用了子波变换对多普勒展宽程度进行估计并用线性插值进行补偿。计算机仿真结果令人满意。 相似文献
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全极化合成孔径雷达近岸风场反演研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Coastal winds are strongly influenced by topology and discontinuity between land and sea surfaces. Wind assessment from remote sensing in such a complex area remains a challenge. Space-borne scatterometer does not provide any information about the coastal wind field, as the coarse spatial resolution hampers the radar backscattering. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with a high spatial resolution and all-weather observation abilities has become one of the most important tools for ocean wind retrieval, especially in the coastal area. Conventional methods of wind field retrieval from SAR, however, require wind direction as initial information, such as the wind direction from numerical weather prediction models (NWP), which may not match the time of SAR image acquiring. Fortunately, the polarimetric observations of SAR enable independent wind retrieval from SAR images alone. In order to accurately measure coastal wind fields, this paper proposes a new method of using co-polarization backscattering coefficients from polarimetric SAR observations up to polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients, which are acquired from the conjugate product of co-polarization backscatter and cross-polarization backscatter. Co-polarization backscattering coefficients and polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients are obtained form Radarsat-2 single-look complex (SLC) data.The maximum likelihood estimation is used to gain the initial results followed by the coarse spatial filtering and fine spatial filtering. Wind direction accuracy of the final inversion results is 10.67 with a wind speed accuracy of 0.32 m/s. Unlike previous methods, the methods described in this article utilize the SAR data itself to obtain the wind vectors and do not need external wind directional information. High spatial resolution and high accuracy are the most important features of the method described herein since the use of full polarimetric observations contains more information about the space measured.This article is a useful addition to the work of independent SAR wind retrieval. The experimental results herein show that it is feasible to employ the co-polarimetric backscattering coefficients and the polarimetric correlation backscattering coefficients for coastal wind field retrieval. 相似文献
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针对带乘性噪声的一类非线性系统,给出了1种带单重渐消因子的强跟踪状态滤波算法。该算法将非线性系统线性化后,采用了线性最小方差估计方法来进行状态估计,通过运用正交原理和引入渐消因子,使得滤波效果具有强跟踪的优良性能。该算法扩展了卡尔曼滤波在带乘性噪声非线性系统状态估计中的应用范围。仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。 相似文献
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A robust high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation approach for coherent/noncoherent sources is presented. The approach is based on the fact that the signal eigenvectors of the covariance matrix are a linear combination of the direction vectors that contain the DOA information. By applying a high-resolution frequency estimation algorithm to an element sequence from a combination of the signal eigenvectors, the approach achieves better performance at low SNR than the conventional methods. It is shown that the improvement in performance increases with the number of snapshots. For example, the resolution improvement of the proposed signal eigenvector domain approach over spatial-smoothed minimum-norm is about 2.5 dB and 7 dB for 20 and 100 snapshots, respectively 相似文献
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An HF radar called the Coastal Ocean Dynamics Applications Radar (CODAR) is presently being used in several forms to measure ocean surface parameters. The original version was developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and utilizes a four-element receive array. The array consists of four equally spaced elements arranged on a circle with a radius of 0.2151 wavelengths (at 25.4 MHz). It was designed to measure ocean currents using a direction-finding technique based on an extension to a simple two-element interferometer. The problem of determining the bearing of a radiating source can be readily shown to be equivalent to that incurred in spectral estimation. In an attempt to improve upon the processing of existing data, modern nonlinear spectral estimation techniques are applied in a beam-forming bearing estimation procedure and compared against several direction-finding algorithms. Enhancement of bearing estimators via analysis of the eigenstructure of a spatial correlation matrix is included. Antenna response patterns are calculated and used to investigate properties of direction-finding algorithms. Simulated data are used for a comparison of direction finding and beam forming. The asymmetrical bias of each method is investigated to determine its effect on the error in estimating the angle of arrival of a radar target. 相似文献