K-Ar等时线定年法及其应用

本文提供了11条不同成因、不同时代岩石和矿物的⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar-⁴⁰K/³⁶Ar等时线,其中3条是新近测定的,另8条是对以前常规K-Ar定年资料的重新处理。测定对象包括年轻火山岩、花岗岩、矿脉及古老岩系中的铁镁质岩墙。测定的时间跨度从第四纪到前寒武纪。研究证明,K-Ar等时线定年既具有常规定年测定对象广泛、可测时间跨度大的优点,又能避免常规法的缺陷,可获得更可信的年龄和更多的有用信息。但是负截距的形成及其所代表的地质意义尚有待深入研究。     

赣南燕山早期双峰式火山—侵入杂岩的Rb—Sr同位素定年及意义

通常认为中国东南大陆中生代时地壳裂解作用发生在燕山晚期。对赣南地区广泛分布的双峰式火山岩和Ａ型花岗岩进行了Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素定年研究,确定基性端元玄武岩的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄为１７０－１８０Ｍａ,酸性端员流纹岩和Ａ型花岗岩的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄为１６０－１８０Ｍａ,表明它们形成于中侏罗世早期。由此提出东南太陆中生代时最早的裂解作用应该始于燕山早期。     

赣南临江盆地余田群双峰式火山岩的Rb-Sr年代学研究

位于南岭构造岩浆带东段,受三南—寻邬断裂带控制的临江中生代火山沉积盆地内发育一套由玄武岩及流纹质火山岩组成的十分典型的双峰式火山岩组合。对临江地区余田群菖蒲组中存在的双峰式火山岩组合进行了Rb-Sr同位素定年研究,确定其基性端元(玄武岩)和酸性端元(流纹岩)的Rb-Sr等时线年龄分别为(173.7±2.5)Ma和(174.9±3.9)Ma,从而确认余田群菖蒲组双峰式火山岩的形成时代为中侏罗世。这为南岭东段在燕山早期发生的伸展裂解构造事件提供了可信的同位素年龄证据。     

湖北省随州三里岗地区二长花岗岩Rb-Sr、40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄

三里岗二长花岗岩与花山蛇绿混杂岩中的基性火山岩呈侵入接触关系,其年龄的确定可解决花山蛇绿混杂岩中基性岩形成年龄的上限问题. 本文对三里岗二长花岗岩分别进行了Sm、Nd同位素研究及Rb-Sr、40Ar/39Ar同位素年龄测定.3个全岩样品的Nd模式年龄平均值为1 064±105 Ma;12个全岩样品的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为422±53(2σ)Ma;二长花岗岩中所含角闪石矿物的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为141.4±0.3 Ma,等时线年龄为142±2 Ma.这些结果暗示了花山蛇绿混杂岩中基性火山岩的形成年龄不可能晚于422 Ma.     

从Rb—Sr及K—Ar年龄测定讨论某些前寒武系及中生代火山岩地层的时代

近几年来,为配合寻找富铁矿及其他科研任务,对冀东、辽东、豫西、川西等地的前寒武系,及庐枞、宁芜、繁昌和浙西等地的中生代火山岩地层进行了同位素年龄测定和研究。在所内外的大力支持协助下,进行了野外观察和采样,同时接受了所内外兄弟单位送来的样品及有关地层资料。我们对这些样品进行了同位素年龄测定。冀东、辽东、豫西和川西前寒武纪地层的样品,主要用Rb-Sr全岩等时线法,其中对川西的样品并用了少数K-Ar法。对庐枞、宁芜、繁昌和浙西的中生代地层样品,主要用K-Ar法。对浙西的个别样品并用了Rb-Sr全岩等时线法。对测定得到的部分年龄数据,以前曾以不同方式报道。     

Geochronological (Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd) studies on intrusive gabbros and dolerite dykes from parts of Northern and Central Indian cratons: Implications for the age of onset of sedimentation in Bijawar and Chattisgarh basins and uranium mineralisation

The Dargawan gabbros intrusive into the Moli Subgroup of Bijawar Group, yielded Rb-Sr whole rock isochron age of 1967 ± 140 Ma. Based on the oldest age from overlying Lower Vindhyan (1.6Ga) and the underlying youngest basement ages (2.2 Ga), the time range of Bijawar sedimentation may be assigned as 2.1–1.6 Ga (Paleoproterozoic). Sm-Nd Model ages (T_DM), obtained, for Dargawan gabbros, is c. 2876–3145 Ma. High initial ⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr ratio of 0.70451 (higher than the contemporary mantle) and negative ɛ_Ndi (at 1.9 Ga) value of −1.5 to − 4.5, indicate assimilation of Archaean lower crustal component by the enriched mantle source magma at the time of gabbroic intrusion. The dolerite, from Damdama area, which is intrusive into the basement and overlying sediments of Chandrapur Group in the central Indian craton, yielded Rb-Sr internal isochron age of 1641 ± 120 Ma. The high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio of 0.7098 and ɛ_Ndi value of −3.5 to −3.7 (at 1.6 Ga) is due to contamination of the mantle source magma with the overlying sediments. These dolerites have younger Sm-Nd Model ages (T_DM) than Dargawan gabbros as c. 2462–2675 Ma, which is similar to the age of the Sambalpur granite, from which probably sediments to this part of Chattisgarh basin are derived. Hence mixing of sediments with the Damdama dyke during its emplacement, gives rise to high initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and low initial ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴ ratios for these dykes. The c. 1600 Ma age indicates minimum age of onset of the sedimentation in the Chandrapur Group of Chattisgarh basin. Both the above mafic intrusions might have taken place in an intracratonic rift related (anorogenic) tectonic setting. This study is the first reliable age report on the onset of sedimentation in the Chandrapur Group. The total minimum time span of Chandrapur and Raipur Group may be 1.6 Ga to 1.0 Ga (Mesoproterozoic). The unconformably underlying Shingora Group of rocks of Chhattisgarh Supergroup thus indicates Paleoproterozoic age (older than 1.6 Ga). Most part of the recently classified Chattisgarh Supergroup and Bijawar-Vindhyan sequence are of Mesoproterozoic-Paleoproterozoic age and not of Neoproterozoic-Mesoproterozoic age as considered earlier. Petrographic study of basic dykes from Damdama area (eastern margin of Chattisgarh Supergroup) indicated presence of primary uranium mineral brannerite associated with goethite. This is the evidence of mafic intrusive providing geotherm and helping in scavenging the uranium from the surrounding and later alterations causing remobilisation and reconcentration of pre-existing uranium in host rocks as well as in mafic dyke itself otherwise mafic rocks are poor source of uranium and can not have primary uranium minerals initially. It can be concluded that mafic dykes have role in uranium mineralisation although indirectly.     

Chronology of hydrothermal and magmatic activity in the Dukat gold-silver ore field

The previously published and newly obtained geological and geochronological (Rb-Sr and Ar-Ar) data show that the igneous rocks and products of hydrothermal alteration in the Dukat ore field pertain to two ore-forming magmatic-hydrothermal systems (OMHSs). The igneous rocks of the Early Cretaceous rift-related OMHS are represented by potassium rhyolites of the Askol’d Formation with Rb-Sr ages of 124 ± 3 and 119.3 ± 3.4 Ma and intercalating amygdaloidal basalts. The products of the hydrothermal activity of this OMHS are the metasomatic anatase-chlorite assemblage of the root zone, which replaces potassium rhyolites, and shallow-seated quartz-adularia and quartz-carbonate-feldspar veinlets retained in rhyolite fragments in Late Cretaceous conglomerate and breccia. The Late Cretaceous OMHS was related to the origination of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt and consists of calc-alkaline basaltic andesites of the Tavvatum Formation and moderately silicic K-Na rhyolites of the Nayakhan Formation with a Rb-Sr age of 84 ± 4 Ma. The Late Cretaceous postmagmatic hydrothermal activity in the Dukat ore field resulted in the formation of preore metasomatic rocks and orebodies of the unique Dukat Au-Ag deposit. The first stage of the Late Cretaceous hydrothermal activity gave birth to preore propylites with a Rb-Sr isochron age of adularia samples estimated at 85 ± 1 Ma and quartz-chlorite-sulfide and Ag-bearing quartz-chlorite-adularia orebodies with Rb-Sr isochron ages of adularia estimated at 84 ± 1 and 86.1 ± 4 Ma. The second stage was marked by the formation of garnet-bearing propylites and quartz-rhodonite orebodies with a Rb-Sr age of 73 ± 3 Ma. Further hydrothermal activity occurred after a break related to structural rearrangement of the ore field and was expressed in the replacement of propylites by products of argillin alteration and Ag-bearing Mn hydroxides. Paleogene basaltic dikes and related subeconomic mineralization concluded magmatic and hydrothermal processes in the Dukat ore field.     

云南德钦鲁春-红坡牛场上叠裂谷盆地“双峰式”火山岩的Rb-Sr年龄值

云南德钦鲁春－红坡牛场上叠裂谷盆地是金沙江构造带内中生代的重要赋矿盆地,位于金沙江结合带与昌都稳定陆块之间的活动边缘火山岩带中。由于该区火山岩的形成时代一直没有确切的年龄值,从而造 成对火山岩的性质和构造背景认识上的差异。笔者采用Rb-Sr同位素年代学方法对云南德钦鲁春－红坡牛场上叠裂谷盆地中玄武岩和流岩的年龄进行了测定,获得了“双峰式”火山岩的平均年龄值为224Ma,其形成于晚三叠世早期。玄武岩的^87Sr/^86Sr初始值为0．7065－0．7194,流纹岩的^87Sr/^86Sr初始值为0．7074－0．7199,二者十分相似,表明盆地中的玄武岩与流纹岩为同一岩浆源,从早期的基性岩浆演化为晚期的酸性岩浆。玄武岩和流纹岩组合的“双峰式”火山岩形成于金沙江弧－ 陆碰撞后的地壳伸展构造环境。     

华北克拉通中元古代裂解事件:以渣尔泰-白云鄂博-化德裂谷带岩浆与沉积作用研究为例

华北克拉通存在三个主要的中元古代裂谷带,从南到北分别为熊耳裂谷带、燕辽裂谷带以及渣尔泰-白云鄂博-化德裂谷带。其中熊耳群中火山岩的峰期年龄为1780~1750Ma,其上还有形成于被动大陆边缘的五佛山群、汝阳群以及官道口群。中北部的燕辽裂谷带包括长城系、蓟县系和青白口系,其中长城系团山子组和大红峪组火山岩的年龄分别为~1640Ma和1626~1622Ma,蓟县系高于庄组、雾迷山组和铁岭组凝灰岩的年龄分别为1560Ma、1485Ma和1437Ma,而下马岭组凝灰岩年龄为1366~1380Ma。北缘渣尔泰-白云鄂博-化德裂谷带中渣尔泰群书记沟组玄武岩年龄为1743Ma,阿古鲁沟组酸性火山岩年龄为~810Ma,白云鄂博群尖山组中基性火山岩年龄为1728Ma,化德群比鲁特组火山碎屑岩年龄为1515Ma。中元古代岩浆事件除了裂谷带中的火山作用外,还包括三期基性岩墙群(~1780Ma太行-吕梁岩墙群、~1730Ma密云岩墙群和~1620Ma泰山岩墙群)以及1.76Ga到1.65Ga非造山岩浆组合(斜长岩-环斑花岗岩体-A型花岗岩)。中元古代中期,华北克拉通北缘发育了基性岩席(墙)、A型花岗岩以及碳酸岩脉,双峰式岩浆作用说明华北北缘在中元古代中期经历了裂谷作用,与哥伦比亚超大陆的最终裂解有关,并且与白云鄂博巨型REE-Nb-Fe矿床的形成具有成因上的联系。华北克拉通北部两个裂谷带中的地层具有可以对比的层序以及时代,而中元古代中期辉绿岩墙、A型花岗岩以及碳酸岩脉可以与其它克拉通同时期的非造山岩浆作用对比,证明华北克拉通经历了哥伦比亚超大陆的最终裂解。古地磁数据已经证明在哥伦比亚超大陆时期Siberia、Laurentia、Baltica、Amazion以及华北克拉通是连接在一起的,而北缘中元古代中期大陆裂谷相关岩浆岩的发现也说明它是与另一个古大陆相连的。华北克拉通南缘熊耳火山岩的构造背景到底是大陆裂谷还是大陆边缘弧则关系着其是与另一个克拉通相连还是面向大海,这需要我们进一步深入研究。     

浙江莫干山花岗岩体锆石U-Pb、全岩Rb-Sr年代学、Sr-Nd-O同位素地球化学及成因研究

莫干山花岗岩体位于东天目山晚中生代火山盆地东端,用LA-ICPMS进行锆石U-Pb定年得到年龄为128.1±2.1Ma,全岩Rb Sr等时线定年结果为135.4±4.3 Ma,表明其属燕山晚期岩浆活动产物.莫干山花岗岩的Sr-Nd-O同位素分析结果为:初始87Sr/86Sr=0.70933;εNd(t)=-3.75～ - 6.4;δ18O=8.86‰～10.78‰,表明其成因类型属Ⅰ型花岗岩,是壳-幔物质混合形成的.按Sr Nd双变量二元混合模型计算得出源区物质中地壳端员和亏损地幔端员的贡献份额分别为47％～49％、51％～53％.莫干山花岗岩与建德群黄尖组火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩Rb Sr等时线年龄基本一致,其Nd-Sr同位素组成也很相似,表明它们来自同一岩浆源.     

辽西地区中元古代变质岩系的初步研究

辽西地区中元古代变质表壳岩包括石英岩、千枚岩-片岩、大理岩及细粒长英质片麻岩和少量阳起石片岩,为中酸性火山活动及钙碱性玄武岩活动之后的海进型沉积旋回,显示出一套较为连续的火山-沉积系列。变质深成岩以斜长花岗质片麻岩为主体。根据同位素测年、微古植物化石分析及与地层的接触关系等,厘定它们为中元古代产物。在中元古代该区经历了大陆边缘岛弧的形成、发展过程。     

Carbonatitic Volcanic Genesis of Hetaoqing Fe-Cu Deposit in Central Yunnan, China

Abstract. The Kunyang rift on western margin of Yangtze Platform is a continental rift, and also a rare Precambrian Fe-Cu mineralization zone in China. The Wuding-Lufeng mineralization area in the middle section of the rift is an important part of the zone, and an elliptic-shaped volcanic collapsed basin, controlled by a ring fracture system with carbonatitic volcanic rocks mainly occurring along the northwestern edge of the basin. The Hetaoqing Fe-Cu ore deposit at the western side of the basin is hosted in carbonatitic volcanic rocks and pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. The original ore bodies occur as layers, bands and lenses conformable to the host carbonatitic rocks. The ores usually appear as massive, impregnated and granular in carbonatitic rocks, and as brecciform and sandy in pyroclastic sedimentary rocks. Ore-forming minerals are magnetite, hematite, chalcopy-rite, bornite, pyrite, carrollite, molybdenite, cobaltite and skinnerite, and secondary minerals limonite, chalcocite, azurite, malachite and tenorite. Gangue minerals are calcite, dolomite, ankerite, common hornblende, arfvedsonite, augite, aegirine-augite, albite, phlogopite, biotite, chlorite and apatite. Evidences of mineral chemistry, trace elements and isotopic ratios of ores, as well as geological features, suggest that the original ores are igneous in origin. Chemical features of magnetites in the deposit belong to carbonatite type, and are similar to those from the Bayan Obo carbonatites. The ores are rich in iron, titanium, rare earth elements, niobium, tantalum, gold, silver, phosphor and sulfur. These features indicate that the Fe-Cu deposit associated with volcanic activity in the Wuding-Lufeng basin is alkali-carbonatite volcanic type.     

内蒙古温都尔庙群变质基性火山岩Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr同位素年代研究

温都尔庙群主要分布在内蒙古温都尔庙地区,该套地层是白乃庙-温都尔庙构造岩浆带的重要组成部分。长期以来,由于缺少古生物化石和可信的年龄数据,一般认为温都尔庙群属早古生代。本文对温都尔庙群变基性火山岩进行了Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr同位素研究,5件变基性火山岩全岩样品Sm-Nd和Rb-Sr等时线年龄分别为961±66Ma和624±110Ma,并对其形成时代和成因提出了一些新看法。     

Puncoviscana folded belt in northwestern Argentina: testimony of Late Proterozoic Rodinia fragmentation and pre-Gondwana collisional episodes

 Stratigraphic correlations and tectonic analysis suggest that the Puncoviscana fold belt of northwestern Argentina was an intracontinental basin with bimodal igneous suites that formed in connection with the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent (at ∼800 Ma). Several lines of evidences point to an initial lithosphere rupture, possibly induced by a rising mantle plume. The earliest synrift igneous products are represented by ultra-potassic dykes and alkaline lava flows of high LREE/HREE and low Zr/Nb–Y/Nb ratios. The dyke emplacements and the initiation of rifting were probably synchronous. They pass laterally and upwards (middle part of the Puncoviscana succession) into basalts of alkaline transitional character (OIB-like source). The distinctive chemical feature of these lavas are very similar to the source of oceanic island basalts; thus, they are thought to represent a magmatism associated with the rift and rift-drift transition stage. During this stage of rifting probably true oceanic crust was formed. The upper part of the Puncoviscana sequence, Late Precambrian/Lower Cambrian in age, comprises a thick and monotonous sequence of pillow lavas, massive basaltic flows and minor volcanic breccias and hyaloclastites. These lavas exhibit MORB trace element characteristics with high FeO_t and TiO₂, low K₂O and P₂O₅, flat light REE spectra, little or no depletion in Nb and Ta. This volcanism consists of the major and latest effusive episode from the Puncoviscana basin which was slightly modified by subduction processes. The geodynamical model proposed for the generation of these volcanic rocks could have been developed in two stages. In the first stage the volcanic event is compatible with a progressive opening of a continental rift leading to formation of a mature oceanic basin. In contrast, the second stage shows the effects of a completed Wilson cycle including a primitive volcanic arc which continued until the accreted Cuyania-Arequipa-Belen-Antofalla (CABA) terrane against the proto-Gondwana western borderland of the Amazonian shield (∼535 Ma). Received: 23 December 1997 / Accepted: 9 December 1998     

藏南夏瓦地区基性脉岩锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及地质意义

西藏夏瓦地区位于特提斯喜马拉雅构造带中东部,广泛发育大量近东西向的基性脉岩,这些基性脉岩对于研究该区域地质构造演化具有重要的意义。本文对夏瓦地区基性脉岩开展了系统的岩石学、年代学、地球化学等研究。夏瓦基性脉岩的岩石类型以辉绿岩和辉长玢岩为主。锆石U-Pb年代学揭示基性脉岩结晶年龄为146～145 Ma。夏瓦基性脉岩具有低SiO₂(47.20%～50.54%)和高Mg~#值(39.78～53.79)特征,富集Ti、Fe、P元素,属碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE),高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th)相对富集,显示出似OIB的地球化学特征,指示夏瓦基性脉岩来源于软流圈地幔的部分熔融,形成于大陆边缘裂谷背景下。结合区域大火成岩省基性岩的发育,认为夏瓦地区基性脉岩是大陆边缘裂谷背景下Kerguelen地幔柱作用的产物。夏瓦基性脉岩的结晶年龄虽然早于Kerguelen地幔柱活动的峰期(132 Ma),但可能属于地幔柱峰期之前的小规模岩浆活动。     

华北克拉通南缘中条山-嵩山地区1.78Ga基性岩墙群的地球化学特征及构造环境

幔源岩浆侵位产生的基性岩墙群是地壳伸展裂解的重要标志。华北克拉通南缘中条山-嵩山地区出露有大量的中元古代基性岩墙群,对其研究将有助于深入了解华北克拉通中元古代构造演化特征。其岩石类型以辉绿岩为主,少量辉长辉绿岩和辉绿玢岩;主要造岩矿物为斜长石和单斜辉石,其它矿物包括角闪石、Fe-Ti氧化物、磷灰石、黑云母、碱性长石和石英。锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄为1785±18Ma,代表岩墙的结晶年龄。岩石K2O+Na2O含量为3.63%～6.18%,K2O/Na2O比值为0.73～1.38,FeOT含量较高(10.03%～13.59%),属于拉斑玄武岩系列。岩石的稀土元素含量高(142×10-6～381×10-6),亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,富集Rb、Ba、La等大离子亲石元素,全岩εNd(t)值为-6.2～-8.1。岩墙的固结指数(SI)和MgO含量呈明显的正相关关系,说明幔源岩浆发生过明显的结晶分异作用。地球化学分析表明,研究区基性岩墙属于板内拉斑玄武岩系列,与熊耳群火山岩有相似的地球化学特征;基于两者紧密的产出关系,我们认为该区岩墙可能是熊耳群火山岩的通道岩墙,共同代表了华北克拉通东、西陆块碰撞后伸展事件。     

青藏高原羌塘盆地东部鄂尔陇巴组火山岩的锆石SHRIMP U—Pb年龄及其地质意义

藏北羌塘盆地东部地区三叠系巴贡组之上沉积超覆了一套火山岩-火山碎屑岩．该套地层下部玄武岩的锆石SHRIMPu—Pb年龄明显可以分为2组,一组年龄相对年轻（220．4Ma±2．3Ma）,代表了羌塘东部地区鄂尔陇巴组火山岩的喷发年龄;另外一组年龄相对较老（241．4Ma±3．6Ma）,可能与中三叠世羌塘地区普遍存在的碰撞隆升事件有关。羌塘中生代（晚三叠世-早白垩世）盆地演化早期的沉积作用经历了由陆相至海相的超覆过程,沉积超覆作用从冲洪积相开始,伴随着岩浆侵入、火山爆发及火山碎屑沉积作用,总体上表现为一个向上变深的海侵序列,显示裂谷盆地的特征。     

朝鲜半岛平南盆地中元古代岩浆事件

朝鲜平南盆地翁津地区发育中元古代黄海群和同时期(称之为瓮津期)花岗岩,花岗岩体侵入于黄海群。本文采用锆石原位微区U-Pb定年技术,对黄海群中的酸性火山岩及花岗岩进行了年龄测试。获得的数据表明,黄海群中下部层位及上部层位的酸性火山岩分别在1235±5Ma和1203±7Ma喷发,由此说明黄海群的沉积时代应为中元古代,而不是传统上认为的古元古代;两个翁津期花岗岩体(翁津和黄衣山岩体)的侵位年龄分别为1251±22Ma和1248±13Ma,为中元古代花岗质岩浆活动的产物。上述1251~1203Ma年龄的获得,表明朝鲜半岛发育中元古代岩浆作用,从而明确朝鲜黄海裂谷与华北东缘裂谷在时间上具有同期性,同时也表明中国华北与朝鲜在中元古代具有类似的发展历史。     

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd Mineral Isochron Ages of the Metamorphic Rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa

Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic studies were carried out for metamorphic rocks in the Namaqualand Metamorphic Complex, South Africa. The metamorphic rocks give the Rb-Sr mineral isochron ages (whole-rock - biotite - felsic fractions) of 844±85 Ma and 811.6±6.6 Ma for the lower granulite zone and of 776.5±5.4 Ma for the upper granulite zone. The rocks yield the Sm-Nd mineral isochron ages of 1071±18 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) and 1067±158 Ma (whole-rock - hornblende - biotite rich fraction - felsic fractions) for the lower granulite zone and of 1052.0±3.6 Ma and 1002.5±1.4 Ma (whole-rock - garnet - felsic fractions) for the upper granulite zone. These age data suggest that the granulite facies metamorphism took place at 1060-1000 Ma, and that the rocks cooled down at 850-780 Ma. The Sr and Nd isotopic compositions of metamorphic rocks are different between the lower and upper granulite zones.     

河南省栾川县西沟铅锌银矿床单矿物铷-锶同位素组成特征

河南栾川西沟铅锌银矿床位于华北克拉通南缘栾川断裂北侧,为赋存于中-晚元古代浅变质碳酸盐建造中的层控矿床,被认为是晚元古代的热水沉积型矿床.从成矿早阶段至晚阶段,矿物共生组合依次为;细粒黄铁矿、粗粒黄铁矿-闪锌矿-白云石-石英组合、多金属硫化物-白云石-石英组合、黄铁矿-石英-碳酸盐组合.本文对其矿石硫化物和黑云母进行了单颗粒矿物Rb-Sr同位素分析和研究.1件赋矿钙质二云片岩样品的5个黑云母颗粒样品给出Rb-Sr等时线年龄为366.0±10Ma,代表赋矿围岩的区域变质年龄.由于黄铁矿-碳酸盐细脉切穿了钙质二云片岩的片理,闪锌矿细脉切穿大理岩条带,矿体未遭受区域变质作用,可推断矿化发生于366Ma之后.考虑到区域内的构造变形事件和大规模花岗岩类侵入和成矿作用的年龄数据集中在156～134Ma,峰值在138 Ma左右,认为西沟铅锌银矿床形成于晚侏罗世-早白垩世.5件成矿早阶段细粒黄铁矿具有较低的I_(Sr-138Ma0值(按138Ma计算的锶同位素初始比值),变化范围为0.7100～0.7151,平均0.7127,该值略高于晚侏罗-早白垩斑岩类和花岗岩基,明显低于太古代太华群变质基底、中元古代熊耳群安山质火山盖层和中-晚元古代栾川群和官道口群的片岩地层,但与赋矿围岩栾川群大理岩地层接近,表明碳酸盐地层变质脱水和晚侏罗-早白垩岩浆岩均有可能为早阶段成矿提供成矿流体.相比之下,主成矿阶段硫化物则更加富含放射成因锶;14个主成矿阶段粗粒黄铁矿测点的I_(Sr-138Ma)值范围为0.7152～0.7344,平均0.7247,13个闪锌矿测点的I_(Sr-138Ma)值范围为0.7108～0.7398,平均0.7283,这些硫化物I_(Sr-138Ma)值接近于或低于太古宙太华群、中元古代熊耳群和中-晚元古代官道口群和栾川群,表明这些地层的锶都有可能混入成矿流体.因此,上述研究表明成矿早阶段流体主要为壳源岩石的变质脱水流体或燕山期岩浆热液,而在主成矿阶段,通过水岩相互作用与浅源循环的大气水或建造水的混入,浅部盖层栾川群地层的成分较多地加入了成矿系统.