基性-超基性侵入岩中-大比例尺专题地质填图实践——以塔里木板块东北部坡北岩体为例

目前,1∶5万地质填图规范中缺少对基性-超基性侵入岩填图方法的系统总结。以塔里木东北部坡北基性-超基性岩体为例,开展专题地质填图实践,在岩体地质、地球物理、遥感和地球化学综合调查的基础上,建立了科学问题、地质填图、矿床预测相结合的填图方法。将坡北基性-超基性岩体作为一个岩浆序列,根据岩浆性质与含矿性特征划分为2个岩浆亚序列,5个岩浆单元,分别对应不同的岩性组合。与岩浆亚序列相对应存在2类岩浆矿床,其中赋存铜镍矿化的岩相主要为橄榄岩相,含磁铁矿、钛铁矿的岩相主要与辉长岩、辉长苏长岩、辉石岩相有关。从野外踏勘、实测剖面等多个角度探讨了基性-超基性侵入岩1∶5万专题地质填图的方法,为此类工作提供了有益探索。     

我国某地基性-超基性岩体及其原生铂矿床的研究

我国某地铂矿床位于基性超基性岩体中(简称Z矿床或岩体),属于铜镍硫化物-岩浆型铂矿床类型。Z岩体侵入于前震旦系片岩片廓岩中,其直接围岩主要是黑云母石英料长片麻岩。整个岩体在平面上呈北北西向延伸的椭圆形。岩体面积甚小,其中约有一半为第四系所掩盖。根据勘探资料,知岩体呈-东缓西陡的不对称的岩盆状。在深部则收缩呈宽仅数米至数十米的脉状体,其走向基本未变,但偏于岩体西侧。     

矾山岩体中辉石和黑云母的特征

矾山偏碱性超基性岩体受燕山沉降带南缘次一级隆起边缘东西向隐伏的基底深大断裂与盖层北东向断裂交叉构造的控制。岩体为多阶段形成,由岩体中心向边缘为第一阶段辉石岩类与第二阶段的辉石正长岩类呈岩盆状产出,而第三阶段的正长岩类呈岩墙状切割岩盆。整个岩体由偏碱性超基性向碱性方向演化。该岩浆系列应划归碱性玄武岩浆系列。     

新疆北天山黄山东含铜镍矿镁铁-超镁铁岩体地球化学特征及岩石成因

北天山地体位于中亚造山带南部,夹于准噶尔地块与中天山地体之间,带内至今发现的岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床有:黄山东、黄山西、香山、土墩、葫芦和图拉尔根,这些矿床沿康古尔断裂分布,构成了黄山-镜儿泉铜镍成矿带,镍总储量达到百万吨(刘德权等,2005;Qin et al.,2003)。目前,关于黄山-镜儿泉铜镍成矿带含矿岩体的岩浆     

桂北宝坛地区铜镍硫化物矿床成矿模式

桂北宝坛地区发育中元古代基性超基性岩体,分为第一期（Ⅰ）的层状、似层状基性-超基性杂岩体和第二期（Ⅱ）的岩盆状中基性杂岩体。第二期岩浆活动为多中心式侵入,具有良好的深部岩浆熔离分异作用和铜镍成矿的地质条件。同位素年代学揭示,铜镍硫化物成矿为两期成矿,建立了两期多阶段的成矿模式,研究指出,在岩浆穹窿构造底部及下伏岩浆侵入通道及附近的断裂构造是主要的成矿场所。     

东天山香山铜镍矿区构造特征与成岩成矿

香山铜镍矿床属典型的岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床，产于东天山东段黄山-镜儿泉铜镍成矿带中，矿床形成主要受岩浆作用和构造作用控制．岩浆作用为矿床的形成提供了物质来源及成矿元素的熔离富集，构造作用为成矿物质提供了上侵通道和容矿空间．矿区断裂构造以韧性剪切带为主，具多级构造组合特点，共划分出4级构造层次，各级构造与成岩成矿有密切关系．I级构造控制基性。超基性岩带的分布；Ⅱ级构造控制基性—超基性岩体群的分布；Ⅲ级构造控制基性—超基性岩体或矿体的形态、产状；Ⅳ级构造控制岩相带或矿体的产出．     

新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带1号岩体地质特征及其含矿性研究

坡北1号岩体是幔源基性岩浆以深部分异多次侵入和结晶分异两种方式形成的基性-超基性复式岩体。该岩体属于橄榄辉长岩—橄榄单辉岩—单辉橄榄岩型,规模较大,分异良好,地表发现铜镍硫化物矿化带。与国内已知含矿岩体对比,1号岩体的类型、岩石化学特征、有用组分含量和地表矿化特征都在含铜镍硫化物矿体的变化范围之内。物探测量结果显示深部存在低阻高激化体。因此,1号岩体是坡北岩带中寻找铜镍硫化物矿床远景很好的岩体。     

甘肃怪石山铜镍矿化基性超基性岩成矿潜力研究

为了研究甘肃北山怪石山含铜镍硫化物基性、超基性岩的成矿潜力,通过野外调查和室内综合对比研究,取得如下认识及成果:(1)怪石山岩体是由橄榄二辉岩、橄榄方辉岩、辉石岩、辉长岩等组成的复式岩体,岩相分异较复杂明显,橄榄二辉岩全岩铜镍矿化(Cu含量0.1%~0.24%,Ni含量0.12%~0.47%);(2)岩体常量和微量元素具岛弧基性超基性岩浆特征(例如岩体亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Hf及Y和P,富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Rb、Th、U、K及La等);(3)磁法异常与岩体地表矿化一致,电法结果显示岩体深部矿化更好(最大磁场强度值1210.9nT,南西侧视极化率(ηs)显示最大值可达9.55%,异常范围500m×200m);(4)岩体岩石地球化学特征与金川、哈拉通克、红旗岭等相似,与甘肃黑山一致。因此,怪石山有望成为储量规模不亚于甘肃黑山的铜镍硫化物矿床。此外,本文还提出了有关北山地区基性、超基性岩铜镍硫化物矿床的几点找矿标志。     

东昆仑夏日哈木铜镍硫化物矿床辉石特征及地质意义

夏日哈木铜镍硫化物矿床的发现在矿床规模、成矿时代及成矿区带方面都有重要意义。辉石作为最主要的造岩矿物之一,广泛赋存于该矿床的各岩相中,在橄榄岩相中多为填隙相,而在辉石岩相及辉长岩相中多呈堆晶相;总体上,斜方辉石含量大于单斜辉石含量。辉石Cr_2O_3含量在橄榄岩相、辉石岩相、辉长岩相具有依次降低的趋势,说明从早到晚含矿的橄榄岩相、辉石岩相、辉长岩相先后结晶,并非所有辉长岩相的结晶均早于橄榄岩相和辉石岩相;单斜辉石SiO_2、TiO_2及Na_2O含量之间的关系显示夏日哈木矿床母岩浆属拉斑玄武质岩浆,较高的Al_2O_3含量(2.55%~10.61%)暗示岩体形成过程中与富铝围岩发生了同化混染作用。     

铜镍硫化物矿床成矿作用及成矿模式研究

铜镍硫化物矿床是典型的岩浆矿床。其成矿岩体是由上地幔的拉斑玄武岩浆在构造动力驱动下，沿深大断裂侵入形成的含矿铁质超基性岩、铁质基性一超基性杂岩和铁质基性岩体。主矿体通常赋存在这些岩体的中下部、底部或根部。主要成矿作用有岩浆熔离作用（包括岩浆就地熔离作用和岩浆深部熔离作用）和硫化作用。其成矿模式为“以岩浆深部熔离作用为主导的脉动式”成矿，形成由多种矿体（包括岩浆就地熔离型、岩浆深部溶离贯入型、晚期贯入型及交代型和岩浆熔离硫化叠加型）构成的复式矿床。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of