玲珑花岗岩体的变形磁组构特征及其与金矿的关系

本文利用磁组构的方法对玲珑花岗岩体的磁组构特征及其与金矿的关系进行研究.玲珑岩体的磁化率各向异性度P的平均值为1.2872,具有典型的构造变形成因特点;磁面理围绕其西北侧的北截花岗闪长岩展布,倾角平缓;磁线理呈SW向近水平展布.玲珑岩体的变形磁组构的特征表明玲珑岩体的变形磁组构是由于后期侵入的北截郭家岭花岗闪长岩体侵入造成的.研究还发现除了断裂的控矿作用以外,位于玲珑岩体内部和边缘的金矿和磁化率各向异性间存在密切的空间对应关系.金矿往往位于磁化率各向异性度P值高的区域,而磁化率各向异性度P值低的区域金矿很少.     

玲珑花岗质杂岩体形成的物理化学条件及其地质意义

胶东西北部是我国金矿的重要产区,招掖金矿带的形成与玲珑花岗质杂岩有密切的成因联系。玲珑花岗质杂岩是一个多期次形成的复式岩体,最终定位于燕山期。它主要由云山、崔召、玲珑片麻状花岗岩、郭家店（型）、郭家岭（型）岩体组成。本文研究了上述诸岩体形成的Ｔ、ｐ、ｆＯ２、ｆＨ２、ｐＨ２Ｏ条件及熔浆中的含水量。通过玲珑花岗质杂岩形成的物理化学条件研究得出：玲珑花岗质杂岩即不是区域变质作用中混合岩化的产物,也不是幔源岩浆分异、冷凝的产物,而是由太古宙、元古宙变质岩重熔交代所形成的原地半原地型花岗质杂岩体。玲珑花岗质杂岩,尤其是郭家岭型花岗岩对本区金矿的形成具有重要意义。重熔岩浆作用,热驱动下流体循环和含矿热液中水的浓缩（收缩）,是胶东金矿得以形成的主要原因。     

山东招远一带花岗质岩石基本特征及其实验研究

山东招掖一带是我国重要金矿产区之一。金矿与花岗质岩石关系密切,因此对于花岗质岩石的研究显得极为重要。与金矿关系密切的花岗质岩石主要有玲珑花岗岩和郭家岭花岗质闪长岩。对于这两类岩石的成因前人有以下几种看法: 1 认为玲珑花岗岩和郭家岭花岗闪长岩均为岩浆型花岗质侵入体,玲珑花岗岩为印支期,郭家岭花岗闪长岩为燕山早期。     

阳原泥河湾盆地台儿沟东剖面沉积相磁化率各向异性研究

磁化率各向异性(Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility:AMS)能揭示沉积物中磁性矿物的定向排列,用于判定水流大小和方向变化。目前,关于沉积微相的磁化率各向异性研究仍较少。本文通过对台儿沟东剖面进行高分辨率磁化率各向异性研究,发现各沉积微相和亚相的磁化率各向异性较大差异,对于水动力较大的沉积微相,如分支河道、水下支流河道、河口砂坝等,其磁化率和磁化率各向异性度相对较大;对于水动力较小的沉积微相,如分支间湾、天然堤等,磁化率和磁化率各向异性度次之;对于滨浅湖、前三角洲泥、沼泽等静水环境,磁化率和磁化率各向异性度最小。根据各沉积微相或亚相χ与P的相关系数变化,可将河湖相地层分为两段:其中,在7.8~90m深度范围内,χ与P的相关系数为正值;在之下90~130m深度范围内,χ与P的相关系数主要为负值。与郝家台、东谷坨剖面磁化率各向异性结果相似,台儿沟东剖面各沉积微相和亚相的磁化率最大轴主要倾向NNE和NNW方向,而磁化率最小轴主要倾向SW方向,表明泥河湾盆地的物源除了可能来自盆地东部外,还可能来自盆地西南部。     

玲珑花岗岩的成因与演化

玲珑花岗岩位于前寒武纪鲁东地盾胶东隆起区,出露面积约3,100km~2,其围岩是以黑云变粒岩、斜长角闪岩为主的太古—早元古代胶东群区域变质岩系,著名的鲁东金矿即赋存于花岗岩体中。以胶东群为主要组成的栖霞复式背斜呈EW向横贯全区,其上发育有一系列NNE向、NE向压扭性断裂、构成了该区基本构造格架(图1)。自1936年冯景兰先生对玲珑花岗岩进行考察至今,该岩体已有47年的研究史。长期以来,围绕玲珑花岗岩成因问题,争论颇大。由于该岩体与鲁东金矿的密切空间关系,上述问题的研究显得极为重要。本文试图在作者1980、1981年对岩体北段(主要是玲珑—九曲一带)所作的两次地质调查的基础上,通过地质、岩石、岩石化学及稀土元素地球化学等方面的初步研究,提出玲珑花岗岩的成因和演化模式。     

胶东大磨曲家金矿床岩石磁组构、构造变形与金矿化

在胶东地区招远-平度断裂带上的大磨曲家金矿区选取了典型的构造区域进行岩石磁组构研究。沿着断裂带在不同构造部位的36个采样点钻取了112个定向岩心样品,所有样品均沿勘探线布置。磁组构研究显示,研究区以弱磁性岩石为主,总体上,胶东群变质岩的磁化率值较高,而玲珑黑云母花岗岩的磁化率值较低,尤以碎裂程度高的强蚀变岩的磁化率值最低;磁化率各向异性方位主要为NE向挤压,磁组构所指示的构造应力场与大磨曲家矿区的区域挤压应力方向是相同的;对具不同程度矿化的81线的Au含量与80线磁组构各向异性度(P值)进行对比研究发现,P值与金品位呈负相关关系;弱矿化糜棱岩中的金矿化在磁面理发育的岩石中较为发育,成矿晚期,Au元素含量随着岩石磁性的减弱而增加,特别是在强应变后弛豫阶段矿液充填于相对张性的石英脉中Au含量最高。     

胶西北丛家花岗闪长岩体SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年代学研究

胶西北地区是我国最重要的金矿集中区,区内大量展布的中生代花岗岩与金矿关系十分密切,本文通过对郭家岭序列的丛家花岗闪长岩体的地质背景和SHRIMP锆石年代学研究,获得该岩体的成岩年龄为(127±1)Ma,地质时代属早白垩世。郭家岭序列各个岩体所测得的年龄值相差不大,表明它们近于同时侵位,侵位时间为127.9 Ma。丛家岩体锆石样品中测得Ar_3、Pt_1、J_3等多个期次的继承锆石年龄。结合前人研究,表明郭家岭序列岩浆源区成分非常复杂,既有来自胶辽陆块的前寒武纪基底、晚侏罗世玲珑序列,也有来自胶南—威海造山带的三叠纪同碰撞花岗岩类,还有幔源组分的加入。其中,壳源组分以玲珑序列为主。郭家岭序列与胶西北地区金矿的关系十分密切。从时间上看,郭家岭序列的形成年龄早于胶西北地区金矿的形成年龄5~10 Ma,符合同源岩浆成因金矿的成岩成矿时间差。从空间上看,胶西北地区三条主要控矿断裂带下均有隐伏郭家岭序列存在,金矿与郭家岭序列形影不离。从物质成分上看,与其他早白垩世岩浆岩类相比,郭家岭序列相对富Na,有可能是郭家岭序列在侵位之前,经历了含Au的富K热液组分分离的结果。因此,郭家岭序列更接近于胶西北地区金矿的成矿母岩。     

南秦岭晚三叠世胭脂坝岩体的磁组构特征及意义

胭脂坝岩体是秦岭造山带内具典型代表性意义的晚三叠世花岗岩,已有的年代学和地球化学研究对岩体的侵位机制有着不同的认识。采用磁组构方法研究了该岩体的内部组构特征,并结合区域构造探讨了岩体的侵位机制。结果显示,胭脂坝岩体51个采点、348个样品的平均体积磁化率（K_m）值普遍小于100 μSI,总体较低。磁滞回线和热磁曲线特征表明,岩体磁组构主要由顺磁性矿物控制。大部分样品的校正磁化率各向异性度（P_J）值小于1.10,平均为1.06,表现出低各向异性度的总体特征。样品磁化率椭球形态参数（T）值多大于0,磁化率椭球体以压扁椭球为主。综合分析认为,岩体的磁组构是典型的岩浆组构,记录了岩浆侵位的流动构造。岩体磁组构以东西向中低角度倾伏的磁线理和南北向倾伏的磁面理为总体特征,磁线、面理轨迹揭示出岩浆自西向东的侵位流动。这样的岩浆侵位过程应与中、浅部地壳的走滑挤压构造相关,岩体侵位时造山带处于同碰撞构造环境。     

花岗岩类与我国金矿成矿关系

从空间、时间、物质成分和成因上探讨了花岗岩类与我国金矿成矿的关系。认为花岗岩带在宏观上控制我国金矿带的展布格局,成矿岩体一般较小,且多为复式岩体,金矿脉常分布在距离花岗岩类岩体接触带６￣８ｋｍ范围内,许多金矿脉产于岩体内外接触带葆直接产于岩体内部;与我国金矿成矿关系最为密切、能够提供矿源的为Ⅰ型（同熔型或磁铁矿系列）花岗岩和幔源型花岗岩;已知成矿的花岗岩类侵入体主要为中生代岩体,蕨为晚古生代华力西     

广东河台金矿围岩磁组构特征、年代学及与金矿化关系

河台金矿田是目前粤西、桂东南已发现最大的金矿田,大部分矿体产出在剪切带糜棱岩中,是典型的与剪切带有关的金矿床。在构造研究上,前人只注重糜棱岩的构造分析工作,而忽视了同样作为矿体围岩的混合花岗岩和片岩的研究。目前为止,矿体围岩的形成时代、变质变形特征以及与成矿之间的关系尚不清楚。我们在野外观测、显微构造分析的基础上,对河台金矿的混合花岗岩和片岩展开了磁组构分析工作。岩石磁组构分析结果显示:样品的平均磁化率Κm值总体较小,顺磁性矿物主导了样品的磁组构;磁化率各向异性度P值均1.04,范围在1.044～1.648之间;磁化率椭球体形状参数T总体0;扁率E值多1,或接近于1;在弗林图解中,数据主要集中在压扁区,少部分有剪切特征;混合花岗岩最小磁化率轴的方位表明岩石受到的主压应力呈NNW-SSE或近S-N向;片岩的磁面理呈NE向,磁线理呈NW或NNW向近水平,反映岩石受到左行走滑导致的挤压或者韧性拉长变形的特征。磁组构特征总体反映出河台地区的岩石磁化率椭球体以压扁型为主,磁面理较磁线理发育,经历了较强烈的近SN向弥散性的挤压作用和局部韧性剪切变形。此外,河台金矿的混合花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为251.7±1.7 Ma。在成矿过程中,岩石校正后的磁各向异性度Pj值与金属元素Au、Cu含量呈弱的负相关关系,说明岩石矿化蚀变作用晚于构造变形作用。结合各岩石的宏观片理、显微构造和前人的年代学工作,推测河台地区地质事件的早晚顺序依次是混合岩化→剪切变形→金矿形成。     

The Variscan Millares granite (central Pyrenees): Pluton emplacement in a T fracture of a dextral shear zone

This work deals with the magnetic susceptibility and its anisotropy (AMS) in the Variscan Millares pluton in the Central Pyrenees. The zonation of low-field magnetic susceptibility is consistent with the concentric arrangement of rock-types, with more basic compositions at the external areas. Magnetic foliations defined from AMS strike NE-SW and dip gently towards the NW. Magnetic foliations are mainly perpendicular and oblique to the elongation of the pluton in map view (NW-SE) and show a concentric pattern at the central part, where the more acid rocks crop out. Magnetic lineations are scattered between NW-SE and NE-SW and plunge shallowly to the N. In map view magnetic lineations are distributed in domains normal to the elongation of the pluton. The contours of P' (degree of magnetic anisotropy) are oriented NE-SW and bands of oblate and prolate ellipsoids alternate perpendicular to the elongation of the pluton in map view. P' is between 1.009 and 1.055 in 93% of the specimens. Such low values are currently recorded in granites having magmatic fabrics and for which the anisotropy is mainly carried by biotite. The attitude of the magnetic foliation and the magnetic lineation, the geometry of the pluton, and their relationship with the host-rock structure suggest an intrusion contemporary with a transpressional regime, syntectonic with the late stages of the Variscan orogeny.     

胶东地区东部晚侏罗世花岗岩锆石U-Pb定年、Hf同位素特征及其对金成矿构造背景的限定SCIEI北大核心CSCD

胶东地区是目前我国最重要的金矿产地,已累积探明黄金储量接近5000t。金矿在胶东地区分布非常不均,主要集中在胶北地体,而胶东东部地区金矿产出较少。晚侏罗世的玲珑花岗岩是胶北金矿区最重要的赋矿围岩之一。虽然胶东东部同样有晚侏罗世花岗岩发育,但赋存金矿较少,因此前人对东部这些花岗岩体的研究相对较少。本文选取胶东东部的文登岩体和垛崮山岩体进行了锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素分析,同时收集整理了胶北地体的玲珑岩体数据,通过开展胶东东部及西北部同一时期岩体的差异性研究,为该区金成矿作用的研究提供重要线索。分析结果显示,文登岩体和垛崮山岩体的形成时代为晚侏罗世(~160Ma),与玲珑岩体时代一致。三个岩体均含有较多的三叠纪(~230Ma)和新元古代(~780Ma)的继承锆石,表明晚侏罗世花岗岩的岩浆源区主要为经历了超高压变质作用的扬子板块。不同的是,玲珑岩体中有更多的华北板块物源的年龄记录(~1400Ma、~1700Ma、~2500Ma),垛崮山岩体中这些年龄的继承锆石少于玲珑岩体,而文登岩体更少。文登岩体、垛崮山岩体的新生岩浆锆石ε;(t)值范围分别为-30.7~-20.3和-27.5~-17.9,玲珑岩体的新生岩浆锆石ε;(t)值的变化范围更广,在-29.3~-9.3之间,而且呈现出从文登岩体到垛崮山岩体到玲珑岩体,ε;(160Ma)值逐渐增高的现象。其原因可能是扬子板块与华北板块碰撞后,幔源岩浆底侵并诱发加厚的地壳发生部分熔融,形成花岗岩。在此过程中胶北地体深部受到幔源物质的影响,从而对金及成矿相关元素产生一定的预富集作用,而同时期胶东东部地区未受到明显的地幔物质影响,可能是该区金矿产出较少的原因之一。     

The high‐K calc‐alkaline Alagoinhas pluton: anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility,geochemistry, emplacement setting,and implications for the evolution of Borborema Province,NE Brazil

The Alagoinhas pluton is a member of the widespread high‐K calc‐alkaline association of northeastern Brazil. Some authors suggest that this region represents an amalgamation of distinct tectonic terranes assembled during the Brasiliano (Pan‐African) orogeny. Our work compares geochemical data (major, trace and REE) of the Alagoinhas with other plutons of same petrotectonic association (Caruaru‐Arcoverde batholith). These plutons apparently intrude several distinct tectonic terranes, separated by a major E‐W dextral transcurrent system, the East Pernambuco shear zone (EPSZ). Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility and structural data for the Alagoinhas pluton are used to compare tectonic regimes across the EPSZ. The results indicate that the Caruaru‐Arcoverde batholith and the Alagoinhas pluton evolved from similar sources and were subjected to the same tectonic regime during emplacement, placing severe restrictions on use of the EPSZ as a suture zone between distinct tectonic terranes.     

The Chinamora batholith, Zimbabwe: structure and emplacement-related magnetic rock fabric

The origin of dome-and-keel structural geometries in Archean granite–greenstone terrains appears to lack any modern analogues and is still poorly understood. The formation of these geometries is investigated using structural and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data for the Chinamora batholith in Zimbabwe. The roughly circular-shaped batholith is surrounded by ca. 2.72–2.64 Ga greenstones. The batholith granitoid suites have been divided on the basis of their ages and fabric relationships into four distinct units: (i) banded basement gneisses; (ii) granodioritic gneisses; (iii) equigranular granites; and (iv) central porphyritic granites. In the gneissic granites a partial girdle (N–S) of poles to the magnetic foliation is developed that has been folded around a consistent, flat lying magnetic lineation plunging at shallow angles to the E or W. In the equigranular granites, the magnetic lineation generally plunges to the NW. The magnetic foliation has a variable strike, no clear trends can be distinguished. The AMS measurements of the porphyritic granite revealed a NW–SE striking foliation and showed subhorizontal magnetic lineations. The magnetic foliation is subparallel to the macroscopic foliation. Wall rocks are moderately inclined and show radial or concentric lineations, triaxial strain ellipsoids and kinematics that demonstrate off-the-dome sliding and coeval pluton expansion. The results of the observations do not point to a single emplacement process. Neither the observed structural data nor the magnetic fabric support a model envisaging spherically ‘ballooning’. It is argued that pluton diapirism played a major part in the formation of the fabrics in the gneisses, whereas the fabrics in the porphyritic granites reflect emplacement as laccolith-like sheets.     

Age and magnetic fabric of the Três Córregos granite batholith: evidence for Ediacaran transtension in the Ribeira Belt (SE Brazil)

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and U–Pb (SHRIMP) zircon ages in the eastern part of the Três Córregos batholith (Ribeira belt, SE Brazil) indicate a well-defined fabric pattern acquired between 600 and 595 Ma. The batholith consists mostly of porphyritic granites distributed in the Ribeirão Branco, Barra do Chapéu and Itaóca plutons. Late fluorite-bearing alkaline granites, some containing Sn-polymetallic greisen-type deposits, intruded the Ribeirão Branco pluton and the low-grade metasedimentary host rocks. The magnetic fabric of the Ribeirão Branco granite is dominantly oblate and oblique to the pluton elongation while that in Barra do Chapéu is mostly concentric. On both plutons, AMS records the preferred orientation of coarse, homogeneous Ti-poor magnetite grains. Such fabric patterns indicate a partitioned strain field dominated by strike-slip left-lateral shear deformation in the Ribeirão Branco and extension in the Barra do Chapéu pluton. The zircon ages of these plutons are 600 ± 6 Ma and 595 ± 4 Ma. Likewise, the ages of alkaline plutons were in the range of 597 and 595 Ma, registering a fast transition between the typical syntectonic batholithic magmatism to the late, highly evolved and specialized magmas. These results indicate that the Ribeira belt was deformed by transtension in the Middle Ediacaran. The geological setting is consistent with a continental arc with the Três Córregos batholith emplacing at the middle-upper crust.     

陕西省凤太矿集区花红树坪岩体特征及成矿潜力

陕西省凤太矿集区是我国重要的金、铅锌矿产资源地,成矿条件十分有利。在系统分析区内已有地质资料及近年来金找矿勘查、理论成果的基础上,对花红树坪岩体的地质、岩石地球化学、年代学、稳定同位素等进行综合研究,认为花红树坪岩体具有高Sr低Y埃达克质岩石特征,深部可能与西坝岩体连通为大岩基,与区内金矿成矿关系密切。结合地球物理、地球化学及矿化信息等资料,认为岩体与围岩接触部位具有寻找岩浆热液型金矿床的潜力,建议进一步加强该区金矿找矿工作。     

Magnetic fabrics and their relationship with the emplacement of the Piracaia pluton,SE Brazil

Magnetic fabric and rock-magnetism studies were performed on the four units of the 578 ± 3-Ma-old Piracaia pluton (NW of São Paulo State, southern Brazil). This intrusion is roughly elliptical (~32 km²), composed of (i) coarse-grained monzodiorite (MZD-c), (ii) fine-grained monzodiorite (MZD-f), which is predominant in the pluton, (iii) monzonite heterogeneous (MZN-het), and (iv) quartz syenite (Qz-Sy). Magnetic fabrics were determined by applying both anisotropy of low-field magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and anisotropy of anhysteretic remanent magnetization (AARM). The two fabrics are coaxial. The parallelism between AMS and AARM tensors excludes the presence of a single domain (SD) effect on the AMS fabric of the units. Several rock-magnetism experiments performed in one specimen from each sampled units show that for all of them, the magnetic susceptibility and magnetic fabrics are carried by magnetite grains, which was also observed in the thin sections. Foliations and lineations in the units were successfully determined by applying magnetic methods. Most of the magnetic foliations are steeply dipping or vertical in all units and are roughly parallel to the foliation measured in the field and in the country rocks. In contrast, the magnetic lineations present mostly low plunges for the whole pluton. However, for eight sites, they are steep up to vertical. Thin-section analyses show that rocks from the Piracaia pluton were affected by the regional strain during and after emplacement since magmatic foliation evolves to solid-state fabric in the north of the pluton, indicating that magnetic fabrics in this area of the pluton are related to this strain. Otherwise, the lack of solid-state deformation at outcrop scale and in thin sections precludes deformation in the SW of the pluton. This evidence allows us to interpret the observed magnetic fabrics as primary in origin (magmatic) acquired when the rocks were solidified as a result of magma flow, in which steeply plunging magnetic lineation suggests that a feeder zone could underlie this area.     

Emplacement of the Ardara pluton (Ireland): new constraints from magnetic fabrics, rock fabrics and age dating

The Ardara pluton as part of the Donegal batholith was intruded into Neoproterozoic metasediments and metadolerites at mid-crustal levels. The emplacement mechanism of the Ardara granite is very controversial, and mechanisms ranging from diapirism, ballooning and stoping followed by nested diapirism have been proposed. Magnetic fabrics, rock fabrics and K/Ar dating of micas are used here to constrain the emplacement history. The compositional zoning of the Ardara pluton is clearly reflected in the different bulk magnetic susceptibilities between the outer quartz monzodiorite and the central granodiorite, whereas the intervening tonalite is of intermediate nature. The magnetic carriers are characterized by the anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS), thermomagnetic measurements and through high field analyses (HFA). The separation of the ferrimagnetic and paramagnetic contributions revealed that biotite and magnetite control the AMS in the quartz monzodiorite. Both minerals are oriented in such a way that their summed contribution is constructive and originates from the shape fabric of magnetite and the texture of biotite. Biotite is responsible mainly for the AMS in the tonalite and granodiorite. The magnetic foliation can be directly related to the macroscopic foliation and also to the D4 structures in the country rocks. The foliation is consistent with the geometry of the roughly circular shape and has a mostly steep to vertical dip. Towards the central granodiorite the magnetic foliation dies out, although plagioclase texture measurements indicate a weak magmatic shape fabric. With the exception of the tail, the K_max axes (magnetic lineation) vary from steeply to gently plunging. The so-called lineation factor is approximately 1.01 and therefore points to a less significant axial symmetry. These observations coincide with strain estimates on mafic enclaves that show a very consistent pattern of K ∼0 flattening strain. Texture analyses of biotite and quartz additionally support the observations made by the strain analyses and the magnetic fabric data. Microstructural investigations give evidence that the fabrics are associated with the emplacement over a range of temperatures from truly magmatic to high-temperature solid-state conditions. The age of the intrusion is still under discussion, but a new cooling age was determined by K/Ar dating of biotite at 403.7±8 Ma corresponding to a temperature range between 450 and 300°C. For a mylonite along the southern contact between the Ardara pluton and the country rock a K/Ar muscovite age of 378.8±7 Ma indicates a minimum age for the shear zone when the Ardara pluton must have already been cooled down below 350±50°C. Received: 28 January 1999 / Accepted: 28 December 1999     

胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据

胶东地区发育有两种类型的金矿床，以玲珑，焦家，三山岛，乳山为代表的石英脉型-破碎蚀变岩型和以大庄子，蓬家夼为代表的胶莱盆地北缘滑脱破碎带内的角砾岩型金矿，本文选择了两种类型中的玲珑，三山岛和大庄子金矿床进行碳氧氢同位素测定。初步认为两类金矿属于同一成矿系统，它们形成于120Ma左右的华北克拉通岩石圈减薄和软流圈上涌期间，岩浆流体和地幔脱气与胶东世界级金矿的形成密切相关，在石英脉型-破碎蚀变岩型矿石中可见深刻的地幔流体和岩浆流体的“烙印”。形成于滑脱破碎带中的角砾岩金矿流体与中生代大气降水和海相碳酸盐岩发生了强烈的交换作用。