内蒙古乌拉山地区麻粒岩相变质流体性状及其演化

流体是变质作用的重要因素之一。流体包裹体是变质作用某一时期流体相的最客观和最真实的记录。本区麻粒岩相变质流体以富CO_2为特点,具有高密度、较低的氧化还原电位和氧逸度。变质流体的演化具有与温压条件演化相同的PTt轨迹。随着变质作用演化,流体具有密度减小、体积增大的趋势,反映了变质过程流体的演化特点及其动力学机制。     

冀东麻粒岩相区的变质作用及其演化

根据对表壳岩、中酸性侵入岩和基性岩墙的变质变形作用及相互关系的深入研究,确定冀东麻粒岩相区在早前寒武纪时期主要经历了两期变质作用,每期变质作用均经历了一个长期的演化过程,峰期阶段的变质条件均达到了麻粒岩相。第一期变质作用(3000～2500Ma)的PTt演化具近等压冷却(IBC)特点的逆时针轨迹,第二期变质作用(2300～2000Ma)是近等压加热(IBH)特点的顺时针轨迹,反映两期变质作用具有不同的构造环境和演化过程。     

冀东地区麻粒岩相变质作用的演化

据冀东迁安－遵化一带麻粒岩相区的变质岩石、变质矿物及其组构特征、变质作用的温度、压力条件，结合同位素年代学资料，以及岩浆作用、构造变形作用和变质作用之间的关系，可将本区太古代变质作用划分为两期。太古代第一期变质作用只限于表壳岩包体岩石中，变质级为高角闪岩相和辉石麻粒岩相，第二期变质作用发生在晚太古代，早期变质阶段是在紫苏花岗岩侵位以后发生的辉石麻粒岩相变质作用，晚期变质阶段发生在稍后侵位的基性侵入岩体、英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩等深成侵入体中，变质级达角闪麻粒岩相。早元古代第一期角闪石榴二辉麻粒岩型岩脉，遭受了辉石麻粒相变质作用，第二期角闪石榴斜长辉石岩型岩脉经历了角闪麻粒岩相变质作用。这些变质作用在早期岩石中都有不同程度的叠加。麻粒岩相变质作用的温度在７００℃～９２０℃，压力在０．８８～１．１４ＧＰａ。变质作用的ＰＴｔ演化呈现了逆时针近等压冷却的轨迹     

晋北恒山地区变质作用特征及其演化

本文根据施莱纳玛克斯分析方法,编制岩石成因网系图,讨论本区两套变质岩系的变质作用特征和演化。矿物共生组合和矿物对地温地压计的研究表明,恒山群和繁峙群分别为两期变质作用的产物,其变质程度分别为麻粒岩相和角闪岩相。本区变质作用随时间的演化而减弱,与地壳演化的总趋势是一致的。     

麻粒岩相变质流体及麻粒岩相岩石成因

流体在麻粒岩相地钵形成过程中所扮演的角色是有争议的。麻粒岩相变质流体目前的研究成果可归纳为碳变质模式、无流体变质模式和高盐度流体变质模式。碳变质模式强调幔源CO2在麻粒岩形成过程中起着非常重要的作用，这一模式在许多麻粒岩相地体得到了肯定。但碳、氧稳定同位素的不均一现象、峰期矿物组合热力学计算结果以及富CO2流体对硅酸盐的搬运能力低使碳变质受到了质疑。无流体变质模式强调部分熔融降低H2O活度的绝对重要性，但却无法解释普遍存在的麻粒岩相原生富CO2包裹体。而高盐度流体变质模式的确有潜在的优势，如低H2O活度、较强的碱金属、LILE及硅酸盐的搬运能力，但这一理论需要进一步证实。     

冀西北麻粒岩相花岗质片麻岩中矿物的流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

本文报道了冀西北地区麻粒岩相片麻岩中矿物内流体包裹体的特征并讨论了其地质意义。根据包裹体的形态、赋存状态并结合包裹体ＣＯ２密度的演化，在麻粒岩相花岗质片麻岩的矿物中可识别出四种类型的流体包裹体：１）一相富ＣＯ２包裹体、２）气液两相富ＣＯ２包裹体、３）三相含液态ＣＯ２包裹体，４）含石盐子晶的多相包裹体。不同类型包裹体的特征和密度等表明，该区花岗质片麻岩经历了三个阶段的变质过程。第一阶段，在麻粒岩相变质作用峰期之后捕获了高密度的富ＣＯ２包裹体。在第二阶段形成了两相富ＣＯ２包裹体。第三阶段捕获了低密度的三相含液态ＣＯ２包裹体。这种很低密度的流体包裹体反映了晚期变形和退变质期间的温压条件     

麻粒岩相变质流体和流体岩石相互作用

麻粒岩作为下部地壳岩石的重要组成部分,是高温高压条件下的变质产物。变质流体是麻粒岩相变质过程的主要动力学因素之一。麻粒岩相变质流体成分以ＣＯ２为主,含有少量的Ｈ２Ｏ,ＣＨ４,Ｎ２和Ｈ２Ｓ等,具有高密度、低水活度、强还原弱氧化、低氧逸度和弱酸性的物理化学性质。麻粒岩的形成和大离子亲石元素的亏损均与流体岩石相互作用有关。稳定同位素的变化记录了麻粒岩相变质过程流体岩石相互作用的规模和范围。来源于地幔的富ＣＯ２流体的干化作用是麻粒岩形成的主要机制。角闪岩相到麻粒岩相的转变过程也是流体性质发生变化的过程。角闪岩相的流体成分以Ｈ２Ｏ为主,而麻粒岩相则以ＣＯ２为主。流体成分的变化也能导致变质相的转变。因此,流体是变质相转变的重要控制因素,直接影响和控制变质相的转变,应成为变质相划分的重要因素之一。     

麻粒岩相变质作用的PTt演化及其地质动力学意义

麻粒岩地体和基性火山岩中的麻粒岩包体是研究过去和现在下部地壳的窗口,通过它们的研究可了解下地壳的物质组成,物理和化学状态,构造变形,岩浆作用和变质作用的特征,并进而探讨大陆地壳形成和改造的地质动力学机制。当前研究中涉及许多重要问题,如麻粒岩相变质作用的PTt演化和成因模式及其构造环境、变质流体的含量、成分和作用,岩浆作用的性质和机制及其对麻粒岩相变质作用的贡献,构造变形作用的样式及其所反映的构造体制,麻粒岩中LILE亏损等地球化学特征的成因意义等等。这些问题互相联系,都是麻粒岩地体成因的约束条件。本文将讨论麻粒岩相变质作用的PTt演化特征,阐述大地构造环境和地质动力学机制对其所起的约束作用。     

太古宙高级变质区退变质流体与金矿床成因的关联：——以大青山地区金矿床为？

通过内蒙古大青山地区麻粒岩相岩石内韧性剪切带中流体演化研究，以及与该区内金矿床中流体包裹体的对比，认为产于太古宙高级变质区的金矿床成因类型复杂，其中有的成矿流体是退变质热液演化的产物，该类矿床可称为退变质热液型金矿床。     

麻山群孔兹岩系主期区域变质作用及演化

麻山群孔兹岩系主期变质作用在区域上可以划分出角闪岩相和麻粒岩相两个变质带。麻粒岩相带内的岩石先后经历了由低角闪岩相—高角闪岩相—麻粒岩相的递增变质阶段。对稳定矿物共生组合及特征变质反应进行了详细研究并确定了变质作用的P-T-t轨迹。根据麻山群变质作用P-T条件在大规模范围内的一致性,认为其发生于晚太古未—早元古初期的区域造山环境。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with