河西走廊绿洲面积动态及其驱动因素

绿洲是干旱区脆弱生态体系中由人类活动与自然因素综合作用形成的、能够为人类生存与发展提供物源基础和生态服务功能的重要地理单元，其动态变化能够反映区域内生态、经济以及社会的演替方向。以第四次和第五次全国荒漠化和沙化监测数据为基础，结合同期气象与人类活动数据，应用转移矩阵与灰色关联度分析法，分析了河西走廊绿洲土地利用类型的转移规律和环境因素对绿洲动态变化的影响程度。结果表明：（1）研究时段内，河西走廊绿洲内部土地利用类型动态转移明显，相互间转化剧烈的地类包括耕地、居民工矿交通用地、有林地、灌木林地和草地；（2）河西走廊5个地级行政区绿洲面积均呈增加趋势，增加幅度最大的为嘉峪关市（51.97%），最小的为武威市（3.68%）；（3）驱动河西走廊5个地级行政区绿洲面积动态变化的主导因子与农耕产业关系密切，预示河西走廊水资源利用与农业生产效率仍需提高。     

河西走廊:绿洲支撑着城市化!——与仲伟志先生商榷

针对仲伟志先生在《经济观察报》(2002年10月14日)撰写的《河西走廊:城市化覆盖绿洲?》一文的若干观点,提出了自己近年来研究河西走廊得出的基本看法。作者认为,在河西走廊,有绿洲就有城市,有城市就有城市化;城市化不会覆盖绿洲,城市化会推动绿洲更加走向繁荣;水源绝不是城市化的最大瓶颈,城市化更不会制造沙漠;在保护绿洲生态环境的同时,加快走廊城市化发展进程,这是河西走廊生态环境改善和人民生活水平提高的有效途径。绿洲支撑着城市化,合力共筑着河西走廊作为中国西部生态经济走廊的开发与发展。     

甘肃河西地区人口,资源,环境与经济可持续发展研究

分析了河西地区人口、资源、环境及经济发展的优势、现状和存在的主要问题；指出了经济持续发展的机遇和挑战；提出了以科学技术为动力，推动经济的快速发展，以水资源为杠杆，建立节水型绿洲经济体系，保护绿洲生态环境，推进绿洲城市化进程和发展旅游业等区域经济持续发展的对策     

河西走廊绿洲生态经济系统协调发展能力评价

河西走廊生态环境脆弱,经济发展约束性强,生态与经济协调发展是实现绿洲可持续发展的重要途径.在对河西走廊生态环境与经济发展现状深入分析的基础上,构建了绿洲生态经济系统指标体系,采用熵权法,运用协调发展度模型,对5个绿洲生态经济系统及其子系统的协调发展度及协调度进行了定量分析.结果表明:各绿洲生态效益、经济效益水平均很低,尚不存在良好协调发展区域;绿洲协调发展能力呈现为嘉峪关>金昌>张掖>酒泉>武威的顺序,嘉峪关属于勉强协调发展类生态滞后型区域;金昌、张掖、酒泉、武威同属于濒临失调衰退阶段,其中金昌、酒泉属于生态经济同步型区域,张掖、武威属于经济滞后型区域,据此提出各绿洲的发展方向与对策建议.     

中国内陆河流域绿洲发育度的综合评价

人工绿洲是干旱区人类活动主要场所,绿洲管理和生态建设体现了人类活动的积极作用;而不适当的土地开发与经济活动又形成了对绿洲生存与可持续发展的过度压力与生态负荷。科学准确地对绿洲状态进行综合评价,已成了人们正确认识绿洲并对其进行生态建设和环境保护的重要前提。针对目前我国绿洲综合评价研究的指标单一、应用区域受限等缺陷和不足,提出了可普遍用于内陆河流域绿洲评价的指标体系--基于因子分析法的“绿洲发育度”,并以河西走廊的15个绿洲为研究对象进行了案例分析。结果表明：依据发育度综合评价值可将河西走廊绿洲划分为工业绿洲、较高开发程度的农业绿洲、中度开发的农业绿洲和衰退或较低开发程度的农业绿洲4个等级,与当地实际情况完全符合;同时,还可通过因子水平上的发育度指标对各个绿洲的优势和劣势进行准确的定量表达,为绿洲管理者和政策制定者提供简明、准确的科学依据。     

论河西绿洲灌区节水型集约持续农业之发展

通过分析河西绿洲农业区光能、土地、水、矿藏资源优势，对该区的粮食生产力、种植业结构调整、畜牧业、农畜产品加工业生产力进行了估算，指出在计划经济向市场经济转轨，粗放经营向集约经营转变的过程中面临的突出问题。河西绿洲农业可持续发展的出路在于建设高标准永久性农田、开发节水农业技术体系、建设节粮型商品化牧业基地、兴工致富、兴办农业高新技术示范园区，促进农业由劳动集约向资本和技术集约转变。     

金塔鸳鸯池灌区地下水动态演变及其对环境影响

金塔盆地属甘肃省河西走廊沙漠化强烈发展地区,倘若水资源利用不当更加加剧沙漠化过程。因此,合理开发利用地下水资源是本区农业生产持续发展和环境保护的关键问题之一。本文作者建议以盆地为整治单元,全面规划、定向控制,坚特以开源与节流结合,"蓄、引、灌、排、补"并举,综合整治山、水、田、林、路。统一管理地表水与地下水开发利用,并建立绿洲防护体系,以建立高效稳定的农业生态绿洲。     

西藏自治区农村经济发展制约因素分析

文章通过在抽样调查和政府统计年鉴有关资料的分析,结合我国农村经济发展新形势、新任务的要求,立足西藏自治区社会经济和自然条件现状,分析制约西藏自治区农村经济发展的因素,归纳为如下六个方面:①农牧业和农牧区经济结构不合理;②农牧业基础设施薄弱;③农畜产品市场流通与服务体系落后;④劳动力素质差,科技在农牧增收中的作用小;⑤非农牧产业发展缺乏有力的组织与引导;⑥农村组织化程度低和传统习俗对农牧民增收的制约。最后文章以生态经济理论为指导对西藏自治区农牧业和农牧区经济发展的六大制约因素进行了深入的分析,并提出了相应的发展对策。     

水资源约束下的河西走廊城市经济脆弱性时空演变及其影响因素

城市经济脆弱性作为当前脆弱性研究中的重要领域，为人-地系统耦合研究提供了新的视角，并为城市可持续健康发展提供有益的决策支持和管理方法。依据城市经济脆弱性内涵，基于暴露度、敏感性、适应能力构建了城市经济脆弱性评价指标体系，运用熵权TOPSIS法评价河西走廊地区及区域内五市的城市经济脆弱性，并采用障碍度模型识别影响区域城市经济脆弱性变化的因素。结果显示：（1）2006—2015年，河西走廊地区城市经济脆弱性呈现出先曲折下降（2006—2011年）再波动上升趋势（2012—2015年）；（2）河西走廊地区的城市经济脆弱性具有明显的空间特征，经历了东西高、中部低到整体较高的演变过程；（3）阻碍河西走廊地区城市经济脆弱性降低的障碍因子由适应能力逐步转变为暴露度。针对河西走廊地区各市主要障碍因子，提出针对性优化措施。     

中国农业与乡村地理研究进展与展望

本文回顾了中国农业地理与乡村发展学科的简要发展历程,分析了本学科近年来的研究进展、取得的重要成果及其在区域农业与农村发展决策实践中的应用。通过比较国内外相关领域的研究进展,进一步讨论了适应新时期国家战略需求的中国农业地理与乡村发展创新研究的主要任务和科学命题。中国农业地理与乡村发展学科的最新研究进展归纳为研究成果、新方法与新技术应用、基础研究平台建设与人才培养等方面。其中新近研究成果主要包括：①农业与乡村地理学综合研究;②农村空心化与空心村整治;③新农村建设综合研究;④区域农业与乡村发展研究;⑤研究成果的系统化与国际化。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)