广东长坑金、银矿床成矿模式

广东省长坑金、银矿床共存于同一层间蚀变构造破碎带,上金、下银分别构成独立的金、银矿床.金矿床具有沉积岩围岩型金矿床的全部特征,银矿床则有石英-硫化物脉型矿床的特征.在系统归纳金、银矿石及围岩的化学组成,微量元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素地球化学特征及同位素年代学,矿石矿物包裹体的温度、压力、成分,以及对三水裂谷盆地演化特征分析的基础上,提出金矿床是沉积盆地中的流体在大规模迁移过程中萃取地层中的金而形成的浅成低温热液交代型矿床,银矿床属于构造-岩浆叠加改造热液交代型矿床,金矿床形成在先,银矿床形成于后并改造了金矿床,金、银矿床均不是热水沉积型矿床或海底喷流-沉积型矿床.     

广东长坑金银矿床的成矿地球化学——硫同位素研究

长坑矿床金、银矿石硫化物的δ＾３４Ｓ分别以高离散的负值和相对较集中的正值为特征。在主要成矿阶段硫同位素基本达到平衡或近平衡分馏条件下，采用大本模式分析表明，硫同位素分布特征可能与成矿流体物理化学条件不同有关，即形成金矿石的热液偏酸性、ｆｏ２较高，而银矿化期的流体近中性、ｆｏ２较低；此外，伴随硫化物沉淀的储库效应对此也有一定的影响。热液的总硫同位素组成可取为４‰－７‰，应主要来自围岩中的沉积硫。成矿     

广东长坑金银矿床成矿机制热力学模拟研究

长坑金银矿床为沉积岩中的微细浸染型金矿与交代型银矿构成的矿床组合,金、银矿化与碳酸盐和碎屑岩围岩的硅化蚀变关系密切并呈分带现象,矿石类型主要为含矿硅化岩。矿化温度主要在300～170 C之间,成矿流体的主要成分为K~-、Na~-、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Cl~(-)。金属配合物的分配计算显示,金在成矿热液中主要以疏氢配合物迁移,而银、铁、铅、锌则以氯配合物为主,铁、铅、锌在成矿后期的中性-弱碱性环境下可转变为羟基和硫氢配合物。热液-碳酸盐岩反应模拟证实水-岩相互作用是银矿石形成的有效机制。矿物组合的溶解度分析表明,金、银矿物分别在早期弱酸性和后期中-碱性条件下沉淀富集,这是造成金、银矿体分离和分带的主要或有利因素。     

广东长坑金银矿床氧同位素组成特征及矿床成因讨论

通过对长坑金银矿床16线部分钻孔进行较系统的氧同位素分析,发现岩石的δ¹⁸O值有自矿体下部（银矿体）向浅部（金矿体）、自矿体中心向围岩逐渐增大的趋势。全岩δ¹⁸O值的这种变化,与围岩蚀变强度减弱的方向一致。据此以及本区成矿元素的分带特征,结合近年提出的花岗岩原地重熔说所阐明的成矿元素分带规律,提出长坑金银矿床应为岩浆热液矿床、成矿热液流体应来自深部隐伏花岗岩的见解,并指出在银矿体的下部有寻找铅锌铜矿床的可能性。     

川西义敦银锡多金属矿地质特征及成矿模式——以义敦夏塞银多金属矿为例

夏塞银矿是一个与燕山晚期壳源重熔形成的酸性岩浆侵入活动关系密切,由岩浆热液作用形成的充填—交代为主的银锡多金属特大型银矿床,主要表现为热液—充填交代银锡多金属矿化,局部有矽卡岩型矿化。成矿具有深源浅成特征,银矿化主要发生在中低温阶段,成矿主要受岩浆活动与断裂构造组合的控制。通过夏塞矿床成矿地质特征,对比矿床成因机制,建立成矿模式,对该区的找矿工作有一定的指导意义。     

辽东庄河金矿同位素地球化学特征及成矿时代

到目前为止,对辽宁庄河金矿尚没有做过系统的矿床地球化学和同位素年代学的研究。本文在成矿地质条件分析的基础上,对庄河金矿床的氢、氧同位素、硫同位素、铅同位素、碳同位素以及Rb-Sr同位素的组成特征进行了分析研究。氢、氧同位素组成表明成矿流体主要来源于岩浆热液,并与围岩发生了同位素交换;硫同位素和碳同位素组成表明成矿物质主要来源于地壳深部;矿石和花岗斑岩脉具有非常相似的铅同位素组成,暗示该矿床的形成和物质来源与此岩浆活动有密切的成因联系;石英流体包裹体Rb-Sr等时线年龄为143.0±5.8Ma,表明金的成矿期为燕山期。     

云南大坪超大型金多金属矿床地质地球化学特征

大坪金矿床是哀牢山金矿带上的超大型金多金属共生矿床.矿体为赋存于闪长岩体内部近平行的多金属硫化物-石英薄脉.矿床地质、流体包襄体地球化学和同位素地球化学研究表明:成矿作用与中、新生代的区域构造-岩浆活动密切相关,至少可分为燕山期石英-黄铁矿和喜山早期石英-方铅矿两期;早期形成金矿化,晚期形成铅和银矿化并伴生金矿化;二者叠加于同一容矿空间,形成多期叠加的复式铅、锌、银、金共生矿床.成矿物质与成矿流体的来源一致,各成矿期流体均是以深源流体为主的壳-幔混合流体,但具有不同的地球化学特征,是相对独立的成矿流体体系.矿床成因属中-高温热液硫化物-石英脉型.     

辽宁青城子矿田高家堡子银矿成矿流体特征及地质意义

高家堡子银矿是产于辽宁青城子矿田内的大型银矿床。利用从该矿床所采集的含银石英脉及脉状铅锌银矿石样品,对矿床成矿流体进行了详细显微测温、激光拉曼光谱、群体包裹体成分及氢氧同位素测试研究。结果表明高家堡子银矿存在纯液相及水盐气液两相流体包裹体;流体包裹体显微测温揭示水-盐气液两相流体包裹体均一温度为122℃~202℃,主要集中在122℃至185℃之间;成矿流体盐度为1.05%~9.34%Na Cleq;激光拉曼测试显示包裹体主要由H2O、CO2、CH4等组成,与流体包裹体气相成分测试结果基本一致;成矿流体液相分析显示Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Cl-、SO2-4为主要成矿流体的阴阳离子。结合矿田内已有H-O同位素测试分析结果,认为青城子矿田内金银矿成矿流体来自岩浆活动驱动的热液系统。高家堡子银矿为岩浆热液叠加早期沉积变质大理岩的浅成低温银矿床,岩浆活动在成矿中起了重要作用。     

粤东嵩溪银矿形成的区域地质背景、成矿特征及成因

嵩溪银矿位于粤东晚古生代梅县-惠阳坳陷带的北段,晚侏罗世陆相火山岩盆地的边缘。区域成矿地质背景研究表明,晚侏罗世是粤东构造岩浆活动最强烈时期,火山岩的原始成岩物质来源于下地壳。地质勘探表明矿体在空间上呈脉状分布于早、中侏罗世的地层中,受断裂构造控制,矿石的结构构造和蚀变的分带性说明矿床具典型的热液矿床特征。矿石的铅同位素组成具壳幔混合铅特征,成矿物质来源于深部岩浆;矿石硫同位素组成和与成矿有关的石英脉的氢氧同位素、方解石脉的碳同位素组成特征,说明成矿热液以岩浆热液为主。根据矿床的矿化蚀变特征和成矿物质、成矿热液来源,结合区域成矿地质背景、矿区周边岩浆岩分布特征和岩浆岩成份及其来源的综合分析,认为嵩溪大型银矿床的形成与晚侏罗世陆相火山作用有关,矿床成因类型为陆相火山岩浆期后热液脉状矿床。     

滇西北衙斑岩型金多金属矿床成矿流体特征及其演化

北衙超大型金多金属矿床位于扬子陆块西缘与三江特提斯造山带的结合部位。本文通过对北衙矿区内的斑岩体石英斑晶、斑岩型矿化、矽卡岩矿化中的矽卡岩及外围似层状热液型铅锌银矿化的岩(矿)石中发育的流体包裹体进行了系统研究,发现北衙矿区内主要发育CO2、富CO2、含CO2、含子矿物三相、富气相水溶液及气液两相水溶液包裹体六类流体包裹体;与斑岩型矿化有关的成矿流体为中-高温Na Cl-H2O-CO2体系热液,矽卡岩矿化相关成矿流体为一种高温的Na Cl-H2O及Na Cl-H2O-CO2体系热液,而外围似层状铅锌银矿化相关的成矿流体则为中温的Na Cl-H2O-CO2体系热液。对比分析表明,矽卡岩矿化中的矽卡岩矿物(以绿帘石类矿物为主)形成较早,其中发育富气相的流体包裹体,可以推断岩浆侵位后先分异出富水蒸气的流体,此后CO2才从成矿流体中大量分异。斑岩型矿化及外围地层中似层状铅锌银矿化脉体中发育的流体包裹体与斑岩体石英斑晶内发育的流体包裹体组合类型基本一致,表明成矿流体主要来自斑岩体结晶分异出的岩浆热液。流体包裹体研究表明,北衙金多金属矿区内的矽卡岩型(金铜铁)、斑岩型(铜金钼)及外围碳酸盐岩等地层中的似层状热液型(铅锌银)矿床系列为与富碱斑岩体侵位活动有关的,由岩浆分异热液并逐渐演化形成的斑岩型金-铁铜-铅锌(银)多金属成矿系统。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of