煤火区浅部松散煤体及采空区的探地雷达响应特征

探地雷达对浅层勘探具有较高分辨率,为煤田火区浅部松散煤体或采空区等典型火源地质结构探测提供了重要手段。然而如何识别各种火源地质结构体,确定火区重点范围还存在一定的理论不足。基于电磁波理论,采用时域有限差分法正演模拟了火区典型地质体地电模型雷达响应,其特征表现为：松散跨塌煤体对应雷达响应绕射波严重,其内部波形紊乱;空洞区顶界面回波能量强,较为连续,其内部无绕射。正演模拟和现场测试研究表明：探地雷达对识别浅埋火区煤层松散跨落程度,圈定火烧重点区域,减少灭火成本和火区开采安全事故具有重要的现实意义。     

瓦房城水库左岸高边坡地震破坏和探地雷达探测研究

介绍了瓦房城水库左岸高边坡地震后的滑动破坏和探地雷达探测研究,分析了左岸高边坡的土质状况、裂隙发育程度、滑动面形状和位置,提出了浅层滑动和深层滑坡的典型雷达图像特征,研究了滑坡的雷达探测机理,所得结论可供水库除险加固决策时参考。     

几种探地雷达的对比研究

通过对几种探地雷达技术的机理、性能和探测效果进行对比研究,得出了它们的共性和各自特点,对探地雷达技术的发展具有参考价值。      

探地雷达在公路质量无损检测中的应用研究

探地雷达是利用高频电磁波在地下介质中传播规律进行勘查和检测的一项现代高新技术,广泛地应用于灾害地质调查、公路工程质量的无损检测等浅层及超浅层工程地质勘查中。本文以探地雷达在公路工程质量无损检测中的应用为基础,简述其在该领域应用的方法原理,讨论了公路结构模型与探地雷达反射信号间的关系,最后给出应用实例,以说明该方法的应用效果。      

地质雷达在活动断裂探测中的应用与进展

结合国内外最新研究成果,对地质雷达技术在活动断裂探测中的应用进行了系统分析和总结,重点对地质雷达在城市活断层探测、古地震探测和断层识别方法的研究现状进行了阐述,并结合理塘活动断裂的应用实例进行评述。最后,提出了地质雷达探测活动断裂现存的问题,对该技术探测活动断裂的发展方向和应用前景进行了展望。      

差分GPS实现探地雷达图像地形校正方法研究

针对在地形起伏较大的区域探地雷达获取的图像不能表达地形变化的缺点,通过探地雷达与差分GPS同步采集记录数据,实现探地雷达图像与GPS数据时间同步,选择某一标准水准面为参考面,根据时间位移和线性插值方法,将探地雷达数据进行时深转换,从而实现探地雷达地形校正。探地雷达图像地形校正前后对比表明此方法在保留地下介质体水平方向分布特征的同时,实现了探地雷达图像在垂直方向的精确校正,对地下目标的解译和精确定位有很大的帮助,对浅层活动断层探测具有一定的实际意义。      

Adaptive boxcar background filtering for real-time GPR utility detection

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) investigation tools are increasingly used for real-time detection of underground utilities. Background noise is an annoying problem, because it sometimes masks the reflection from objects of interest. This study introduces an efficient background removal algorithm, which is so simple that it can be incorporated into GPR logging devices. The algorithm is based on the recently published outliers-out algorithm for stacking seismic data. Experiments conducted on both synthetic and field GPR data show that proposed background removal algorithm yields much better results than the commonly used average trace subtraction algorithm in a relatively comparable computational time.     

应用MATLAB实现探地雷达数据小波变换处理

文章应用Matlab实现了探地雷达原始数据的读取及分析处理,并给出了Matlab下探地雷达数据的小波变换处理实例,应用效果令人满意,为探地雷达数据自主应用提供了新思路.     

The use of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method in engineering-geological studies for the assessment of geological-cryological conditions

We present the results of the use of the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) method on saline and nonsaline soils in permafrost rock zones. GPR records are geologically interpreted during thermokarst and pingo study. The usefulness of the GPR method for mapping the top and bottom of permafrost rocks is explored for saline soils.     

天山乌鲁木齐河源一号冰川探地雷达测厚及其数据分析

探地雷达是一种利用电磁波的反射原理探测地下介质分布特征的地球物理勘探技术，在冰川研究中发挥了重要作用。在天山一号冰川上用探地雷达进行了探测，获得了能够清晰地分辨冰一岩界面的雷达剖面。根据这些雷达剖面读出冰厚值，再结合最新的冰川地形图，作出了天山一号冰川的冰厚等值线图和冰下地形图；并由天山一号冰川最新的表面积数据推算了冰储量。     

探地雷达在涌山煤矿大桥勘探中的应用

探地雷达是利用高频电磁脉冲的反射对地下目的体及地质现象进行探测的一种高效浅层勘探方法。随着电子计算机技术的不断发展,该技术的应用领域不断扩大。从探地雷达的基本原理出发,论述了探地雷达在涌山煤大桥桥址探测上取得的良好效果,并提出了一些探地雷达技术应用应注意的问题。     

地质雷达在高速公路质量检测中的应用

阐述了地质雷达的基本原理，介绍了应用ＳＩＲ－２型地质雷达对高速公路路面厚度检测的实现过程和数据处理方法。讨论了拖地天线悬挂使用中悬挂高度对检测精度的影响等问题。     

堤防动物洞穴的探地雷达探测研究

通过探地雷达对淮沭河大堤獾洞隐患的探测,分析了獾洞的结构特征,给出了獾洞的典型雷达图像特征,推断了测区内獾洞穴道的位置、深度和走向,为堤防獾洞隐患治理提供了资料。探测结果表明,探地雷达设备轻便,对场地要求低,易于在任意方向加密探测,对浅层地下洞穴的探测非常有效。     

探地雷达对地下防空洞的探测研究

本文简述了探地雷达技术的基本原理及其在阜新高德东山探测防空洞的应用。     

探地雷达探测地裂缝的几个实例

由于地裂缝的形成原因多样,宽度小,展布特征特殊,采用探地雷达进行地裂缝探测,一般很难达到良好的探测效果。通过探地雷达在地下采空、活动断裂、地下水超采等3种不同原因产生的地裂缝上进行探测并取得较好波形图像的实例,介绍了从天线配置、测线布置到资料处理、图像解释等工作流程,总结了不同成因类型地裂缝的探地雷达波形特征。通过实地探孔、探槽验证,说明探地雷达法探测结果准确,探测结果准确反映了地裂缝深部的发育状况和发现新的地裂缝,对分析地裂缝的成因和机理提供了科学依据。     

Monitoring of Over Cutting Area and Lubrication Distribution in a Large Slurry Pipe Jacking Operation

Slurry pipe jacking was firmly established as a special method for the non-disruptive construction of the underground pipelines of sewage systems. Pipe jacking, in its traditional form, has occasionally been used for short railways, roads, rivers, and other projects. Basically the system involves the pushing or thrusting of concrete pipes into the ground by a number of jacks. In slurry pipe jacking, during the pushing process, mud slurry and lubricant are injected into the face and the over cutting area that is between the concrete pipes and the surrounding soil. Next, the slurry fills voids and the soil stabilizes due to the created slurry cake around the pipes. Fillings also reduce the jacking force or thrust during operation. When the drivage and pushing processes are finished, a mortar injection into the over cutting area is carried out in order to maintain permanent stability of the surrounding soil and the over cutting area. Successful lubrication around the pipes is extremely important in a large diameter slurry pipe jacking operation. Control of lubrication and gaps between pipes and soil can prevent hazards such as surface settlement and increases in thrust. Also, to find voids around the pipes after the jacking process, in order to inject mortar for permanent stabilizing, an investigation around the pipes is necessary. To meet these aims, this paper is concerned with the utilization of known methods such as the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) system and borehole camera to maintain control of the over cutting area and lubricant distribution around the pipes during a site investigation. From this point of view, experiments were carried out during a tunnel construction using one of the largest cases of slurry pipe jacking in Fujisawa city, Japan. The advantages and disadvantages of each system were clarified during the tests.     

探地雷达物理模拟相似性准则及监测油气污染试验

利用探地雷达研究油气污染问题是探地雷达应用研究的前沿课题之一。在推导雷达波模型实验的相似性准则的基础上,制作了砂质模型,并以原油为污染材料进行了探地雷达监测油气污染的模型实验。证明探地雷达方法能有效地解决油气污染的范围和油气污染的强度问题。同时为开展下一步实验和野外工作提供了指导。     

复信号分析技术在地质雷达信号处理中的应用

作者利用复信号分析方法分离出地质雷达信号的瞬时振幅、瞬时相位、瞬时频率等参数,通过一维数值模拟对其进行多参数分析,并进行了工程应用。模拟实验和工程实测表明,地质雷达瞬时相位有助于提取深部弱信号;瞬时振幅与瞬时频率为进一步进行土层和岩石特性方面的研究提供了依据;多参数综合分析方法对提高地质雷达图像解释的准确性具有重要意义。     

综合多频率地质雷达天线探测活断层浅层结构——以玉树活动断裂为例

地质雷达技术具有操作性强、分辨率高、探测深度深、对地表环境无破坏和可重复探测等特点,在活断层探测中具有很大的优势。为验证综合多中心频率地质雷达天线探测活断层地下浅层结构效果,以民主村处发育的玉树活动断裂为研究对象,采用25 MHz、100 MHz、250 MHz和500 MHz中心频率的地质雷达天线对活断层浅层结构进行探测,并与探槽剖面进行效果对比。研究结果表明:低中心频率的地质雷达天线（25 MHz和100 MHz）可获取大范围内深度较深（约32 m）的活断层地下浅层结构的整体形态,从雷达图像上可识别出主断层分布范围、断层倾向及地下浅层结构等;而中高中心频率的地质雷达天线（250 MHz和500 MHz）则可获取局部范围内深度较浅（约3 m）的地下浅层结构,尤其是500 MHz天线。探测结果与地表构造地貌形态和探槽剖面地质构造一致,表明综合多中心频率地质雷达天线探测玉树活动断裂浅层结构的有效性和适用性,为活断层研究提供多尺度数据及方法支持。      

Buried pipe detection by ground penetrating radar using the discrete wavelet transform

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is widely used for non-invasive examination of man-made structures, especially to determine the depth of pipes buried underground. Unfortunately, shallower objects may obscure GPR raw data that is reflected from deeper ones. This study introduces a signal processing technique, called the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), to filter and enhance the GPR raw data in order to obtain higher quality profile images. Laboratory experiments were conducted and the locations of buried pipes under different conditions were analyzed. The buried pipes were made of plastic and metal, and both single and two parallel horizontal pipes are discussed. The experimental results indicate that the DWT profiles can provide more information than the traditional GPR profile. The images of the diameter and position of pipes, even two pipes of different materials and in horizontal alignment, can be enhanced by using the DWT profile.