风火山地区铜矿床特征及成因研究

风火山地区铜矿床位于我国著名的“三江”有色和贵金属成矿带的西段,以往地质工作程度较低,从而影响了人们对该矿床成矿环境及成因的认识。近年来,随着地勘工作特别是地质大调查资源评价工作的深入开展,初步查明了区内风火山群沉积环境、沉积序列及含矿层位,建立了构造格架及构造变形序列。笔者根据野外实践,对该矿床特征及矿床成因进行了分析和总结,认为风火山铜矿床属于砂岩型铜矿床,构成砂岩型铜矿的各铜矿化带,均呈夹层产于风火山群砂泥岩中,含矿层岩性均为浅灰—灰绿色厚—中厚层状细粒(含砾)岩屑石英砂岩夹深灰色薄层碳质泥岩。整个风火山成矿带上各矿化带的形态、矿化体特征基本一致,均呈层状产出。     

刚果(金)科卢韦齐铜矿地质特征及成矿机理浅析

刚果(金)科卢韦齐铜矿位于世界第三大铜矿带中非刚果(金)-赞比亚巨型铜钴成矿带的北西部.矿体赋存在加丹加岩系的罗安群R2矿山组石英质白云岩、白云质片岩及硅质页岩中.通过对区域地质背景、矿床地质特征等分析,认为矿床形成于新元古代,产于裂陷地槽中,矿床早期受地层控制,中期受区域变质及岩浆期后热液改造,晚期受构造热液叠加及次...     

新疆柴窝堡铜矿带铜沟－庙儿沟铜矿田成矿地质特征

通过柴窝堡铜矿带区域沉积环境、构造环境及岩浆活动分析，认为矿带具备铜矿成矿地质条件．具体阐述了铜沟─庙儿沟铜矿田的成矿地质地球化学特征和矿化富集规律，认为铜沟─庙儿沟铜矿区的矿床属沉积─热液叠加改造型层控矿床．     

青海省东大滩忠阳山铜矿地质特征及找矿方向浅析

忠阳山铜矿位于东昆仑铜钴成矿带南部的东昆南早古生代构造混杂岩带的东大滩断陷盆地北坡[4],是一个规模较大,品位较低的小型低品位铜矿床。通过对成矿地质背景、构造特征、矿化特征、找矿标志及矿床成因等地质特征的分析,认为该矿床成因为层控+后期热液叠加交代型矿床[5],该区具有寻找矽卡岩型铜矿床的有利前景。     

内蒙古阿拉善左旗克布勒铁铜矿地质特征及找矿标志

阿拉善左旗克布勒铁铜矿位于石炭纪石英闪长岩与渣尔泰山群曾隆昌组二段的外接触带,矿体总体产状与接触带产状一致,赋存在接触带上的夕卡岩体外侧及其附近围岩中,属于夕卡岩型矿床.石炭纪石英闪长岩为矿体的形成提供了热源和物源,北东向的断裂构造则为石英闪长岩的侵入和成矿热液提供了通道.在分析矿床成矿地质特征的基础上,总结了综合找矿标志.     

四川德昌县铜厂坡铜铁矿地质特征及找矿前景

铜厂坡铜铁矿位于会理岔河锡铁铜银矿集区内。矿体产于前震旦系会理群力马河组二段褐灰色石英片岩构造破碎带或层间破碎带中,呈似层状、透镜状产出。矿体受构造控制明显,产状与控矿构造基本一致。矿石主要为含铜菱铁矿、含铜褐铁矿。矿床属于构造热液型。该文通过对矿床区域地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿体特征、矿石质量、围岩蚀变的分析,对矿床控矿因素、成因、找矿标志进行了讨论,认为该矿区成矿地质条件好,具有较好的找矿前景,并提出了下一步工作的建议。     

四川德昌县铜厂坡铜铁矿地质特征及找矿前景

铜厂坡铜铁矿位于会理岔河锡铁铜银矿集区内。矿体产于前震旦系会理群力马河组二段褐灰色石英片岩构造破碎带或层间破碎带中,呈似层状、透镜状产出。矿体受构造控制明显,产状与控矿构造基本一致。矿石主要为含铜菱铁矿、含铜褐铁矿。矿床属于构造热液型。该文通过对矿床区域地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿体特征、矿石质量、围岩蚀变的分析,对矿床控矿因素、成因、找矿标志进行了讨论,认为该矿区成矿地质条件好,具有较好的找矿前景,并提出了下一步工作的建议。     

三江地区北段主攻矿种及矿床类型研究

通过对三江地区北段地质、地球化学、地球物理等资料的综合分析,提供了三江北段矿产资源综合预测图,划分出8个重点成矿远景区(带),同时指出了各成矿远景区(带)内主攻矿种及可能的矿床类型。三江北段主攻矿种是铜矿、金矿、银铅锌矿及以铜为主的多金属矿,而矿床类型大多为热液型、火山型和岩浆型,这些研究在该区的找矿工作中具有重要的参考和利用价值。     

西藏措勤县日阿铜矿床成矿地质条件及成矿过程浅析

西藏自治区是我国未来重要的铜矿基地,有着重要的战略地位.日阿铜矿床位于冈底斯山脉北缘,地处隆袼尔—工布江达断隆带,地质工作程度较低.笔者通过研究矿床的地质特征,从地层、构造、岩浆岩、成岩成矿时代等方面分析了矿床形成的地质条件,根据该矿床经历的地质作用、矿石构造以及矿物组合特征,认为矿床为矽卡岩型铜矿,主要成矿作用经历了岩浆热液成矿期和表生风化期,其中岩浆热液成矿期为主要成矿期,可进一步分为矽卡岩阶段,氧化物阶段,石英硫化物阶段等,并在此基础上总结出日阿矽卡岩型铜矿床的成矿模式.     

四川德昌县铜厂坡铜铁矿地质特征及找矿前景

铜厂坡铜铁矿位于会理岔河锡铁铜银矿集区内。矿体产于前震旦系会理群力马河组二段褐灰色石英片岩构造破碎带或层间破碎带中,呈似层状、透镜状产出。矿体受构造控制明显,产状与控矿构造基本一致。矿石主要为含铜菱铁矿、含铜褐铁矿。矿床属于构造热液型。该文通过对矿床区域地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿体特征、矿石质量、围岩蚀变的分析,对矿床控矿因素、成因、找矿标志进行了讨论,认为该矿区成矿地质条件好,具有较好的找矿前景,并提出了下一步工作的建议。     

吉林珲春杨金沟白钨矿床地质特征及成因初探

杨金沟白钨矿床产于五道沟群中。矿体以含白钨矿石英脉为主．顺层产出,含矿层位为中、上段的斜长角闪片岩、钙质云母片岩．云母石英片岩。不同方向展布的石英脉成群成带出现,相交部位形成密集区,南北延长达1500m。在总结矿床地质特征的基础上．从成矿物质来源、成矿物理化学环境等方面的研究．推测其为层控叠加矿床。     

山东沂水峨山口韧性剪切带糜棱岩类质量平衡分析

峨山口韧性剪切带糜棱岩质量分析结果表明,该剪切带是在一个开放体系非等化学背景下形成的。该带中物质组分的迁移活动,主要发生在白云母石英片岩的形成阶段,并以Ｌｏｓ（流体）、ＳｉＯ２、ＦｅＯ、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＴｉＯ２、Ｋ２Ｏ大量带入,而Ｎａ２Ｏ显著带出为特征。以Ａｌ２Ｏ３守恒为限制条件,整个剪切带从原岩到白云母石英片岩的质量和体积增大约５０％。     

Ductility contrast induced by silicification in pelitic schist of the Ryoke metamorphic belt,Japan

Contrasting ductility is recognized in the rocks of Cretaceous Ryoke metamorphic belt in Iwakuni area, southwest Japan. Pelitic schist is ubiquitous in the region and differences in mineral assemblages mark increase in metamorphic grade. The area has been graded as chlorite-biotite zone in the north progressing into biotite- and muscovite-cordierite zones in the south. Pelitic schist near the boundary between the biotite- and muscovite-cordierite zones has undergone partial silicification to form whitish silicified schist layers which contain two types of quartz veins: those parallel to foliation in the host rock are called schistosity-concordant veins, and those inclined to host rock foliation, schistosity-discordant veins. In this study we examined the quartz structure in the silicified schist and in both types of veins to understand the ductility contrast induced by the silicification process. Crystallographic orientations of quartz in the veins and silicified schist rocks were studied using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) based Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) technique. Quartz c-axis orientations in the silicified schist are nearly random, demonstrating an absence of post-silicification ductile deformation. Quartz grains in the schistosity-concordant veins have preferred c-axis orientations perpendicular to the schistosity indicating ductile shortening. In contrast, schistosity-discordant veins display distinct quartz c-axis fabric than that found in the schistosity-concordant veins. This is because the two types of host rocks exhibit a difference in ductility during deformation. The presence of deformed quartz veins in the undeformed silicified schist indicates transformation of the ductile pelitic schist into the brittle silicified schist at mid-crustal levels where these rocks originate, hence forming contrasting rock layers. Schistosity-concordant veins in the biotite-rich pelitic schist deformed with its host rock in a ductile manner while the schistosity-discordant veins in the neighboring silicified schist were left intact. Silicification of the pelitic schist may have been caused by the silica-rich geofluids produced by subsurface processes. Geofluids responsible for the occurrence of such mechanically contrasting layers mark an increase in seismic reflectivity at mid-crustal depths and may be potential reflectors of seismic waves giving rise to the so-called “bright spots”.     

青海西金乌兰湖地区移山湖晚泥盆世辉绿岩墙群——西金乌兰洋初始裂解的重要证据

在青海西金乌兰湖地区移山湖和倒流沟一带发现的辉绿岩墙,侵入于泥盆系拉竹龙组变质石英砂岩、长石石英砂岩和元古宇宁多群灰白色白云母石英片岩、黑云母石英片岩中,岩石类型为辉绿岩、辉长辉绿岩,结合同位素测年及古生物证据分析其地质时代为晚泥盆世,可能与古特提斯北部河卡山东段克觉杂尔根基性岩墙群一样,反映了可可西里地区壳幔演变过程,是古陆块裂解、西金乌兰洋初始形成的证据。     

Occurrence of calcite in Sanbagawa pelitic schists: implications for the formation of garnet, rutile, oligoclase, biotite and hornblende

The frequency of occurrence of minerals in 1876 samples of Sanbagawa pelitic schist in central Shikoku is summarized on the basis of microscopic observation accompanied, in part, by use of an electron microprobe. All samples contain quartz, plagioclase, phengite, chlorite and graphite. More than 90% of samples contain clinozoisite, titanite and apatite. Garnet is present in 95% of samples from the garnet zone, and biotite is present in 64% of samples from the albite‐biotite zone. Calcite is found in about 40% of samples of the pelitic schist collected from outcrop, but occurs in 95% of the pelitic schist from drill cores. Calcite was apparently ubiquitous in the pelitic schist during the Sanbagawa metamorphism, but must have been dissolved recently by the action of surface or ground water. The mineral assemblages of the Sanbagawa pelitic schist have to be analyzed in the system with excess calcite, quartz, albite (or oligoclase), clinozoisite, graphite and fluid that is composed mainly of H₂O, CO₂ and CH₄. In the presence of calcite, reactions that produce garnet, rutile, oligoclase, biotite and hornblende, some of which define isograds of the metamorphic belt, should be written as mixed volatile equilibria that tend to take place at lower temperature than the dehydration reactions that have been proposed. The presence of calcite in pelitic schist suggests that fluid composition is a variable as important in determining mineral assemblages as pressure and temperature. Thus Ca‐bearing phases must be taken into account to analyze the phase relations of calcite‐bearing pelitic schist, even if CaO content of Sanbagawa pelitic schist is low. As calcite is a common phase, the mineral assemblages of the biotite zone pelitic schist may contravene the mineralogical phase rule and warrant further study.     

光山凉亭-薄刀岭银金矿床地质地球化学特征

凉亭-薄刀岭银金矿床属构造蚀变岩型。矿体赋存于中元古界信阳群龟山岩组下段第一、二岩性层（Pt2g^cd＋di）白云石英片岩、碳质绢云石英片岩内,严格受EW向构造破碎带控制。矿化带原生晕表现为高背景值、强异常特征,As,Pb,Mo,Bi指示元素与成矿元素Ag,Au密切相关;成矿热液的运移以渗流为主、渗透为辅。本文通过对该矿床地质、地球化学特征的总结研究,建立了综合找矿标志,对区域同类型矿床的找矿评价具有一定的借鉴和指导作用。     

辽吉古裂谷内带顺层构造片岩的变形构造与变形机制

本文从变形构造,尤其是变形显微构造研究入手,探讨了广泛发育于辽吉古裂谷内带的泥质构造片岩的形成与演化。对石榴石、石英和黑云母的变形亚结构及岩石变形构造分析揭示出,构造片岩的形成主要包含了伸展环境下出现的剪切作用、挤压作用以及扩散蠕变过程。同时还应用变形轨迹图展示了构造片岩的形成及形成后的改造过程。     

柏树岗金红石矿床含矿岩系地质特征

河南方城柏树岗金红石矿床含矿岩系主要由角闪(片)岩、变粒岩、斜长片岩、石英(片)岩及云母片岩组成、前者是主要含矿岩石。分为石英(片)岩、角闪(片)岩-云母斜长片岩、云母片岩-石英(片)岩三个岩性段,二段是主要含矿岩段。原岩为一套火山岩、正常沉积岩岩性组合。经历了两次变质作用,变质温压400～485℃、200～700MPa,变质时间416.1±0.5Ma,变质热液产生了少量细脉及脉岩。含矿岩系的形成变化是板块运动的结果。基性岩及基性岩质凝灰岩是钛的主要来源,变质作用是主要成矿作用。     

Meteoric incursion and oxygen fronts in the Dalradian metamorphic belt, southwest Scotland: a new hypothesis for regional gold mobility

Post-metamorphic quartz veins which occur over hundreds of square kilometres in the biotite zone of the Dalradian metamorphic belt consist of three principal types: anhedral quartz with pyrite, anhedral quartz with hematite, and prismatic quartz with hematite or rutile. The oxide minerals in anhedral veins have formed by oxidation of pre-existing sulphides, and gold was mobilized during this oxidation. Anhedral quartz veins formed from an aqueous fluid with up to 5 wt% dissolved salts and 16 wt% CO₂ at about 300 °C. Texturally later prismatic quartz crystals formed from a compositionally similar fluid which was undergoing phase separation at the H₂O-CO₂ solvus at 160–200 °C and 500 to 1200 bars fluid pressure. Oxygen isotope ratios for quartz from the veins range from 12.0 to 15.3‰, with hematite-bearing veins generally isotopically heavier than pyrite-bearing veins. Calculated fluid oxygen isotope ratios range from + 8‰ for pyrite-bearing veins to -2‰ for late prismatic crystals. The mineralizing fluid contained a substantial component of meteoric water whose isotopic and chemical composition evolved with progressive water-rock interaction. Evolution of meteoric fluid composition involved migration of oxidation and oxygen isotope fronts in the down-flow direction as head-driven water passed through structurally controlled fractures in the schist pile. A gold solubility trough occurs for the observed fluid in the oxidation frontal zone. Gold remobilization and reprecipitation occurred progressively as the oxidation front migrated through the schist pile.     

Early Cretaceous subduction of continental crust at the Diego de Almagro archipelago, southern Chile

In the Diego de Almagro archipelago of southern Chile, a quartz rich mica schist and a mylonitized granite contain Late Jurassic zircons of ca 166 and 170 Ma respectively. These rocks were metamorphosed during the Cretaceous in a subduction zone environment, which developed blueschist assemblages in metabasalts interleaved with the mica schist. The dated rocks were probably part of the acid large igneous province developed in southwestern Gondwanaland during the extensional phase which preceded the dismembering of the supercontinent. They constitute evidence that tectonic erosion of the margin occurred, as these siliceous igneous rocks, formed in the South American upper plate, were transported in the subduction zone to some 20 km depth prior to their exhumation. These rocks are in tectonic contact through the Seno Arcabuz shear zone, with late Permian turbidites of the Duque de York complex, which did not undergo blueschist metamorphism.