轻型井点在基坑工程降水中的应用——以淮北丁楼污水处理厂基坑为例

淮北丁楼污水处理厂基坑面积 44×27 m2,开挖深度 8.5～9.0 m,开挖基坑时场地内的地下水位埋深为 4.00 m,采用轻型井点降水方法使建筑场地内的地下水位降低到 9.86 m,实现了基坑干作业施工,取得了良好的工程效果.本文结合该工程实践,对轻型井点基坑降水的设计与施工方法进行了系统的介绍.     

射流泵引射器设计及其使用效果

市政工程建设，大多需要降低地下水位，以便施工。井点降水，施工简单，且成本较低（约15元/m），降水工程的主要设备除钻机外，就是射流泵。射流泵的主要部件是引射器，引射器性能好坏，直接影响降水效果。射流泵结构简单，造价低廉，便于推广，但由于缺乏流体力学知识，一味仿造，往往效率低，甚至抽不上水，从而增加了施工难度，延误工期。     

轻型井点降水在基坑开挖工程中的应用

结合工程实例，介绍轻型井点降水在数量、周期等方面的计算方法，对软土地层轻型井点降水的设计和施工有一定的借鉴作用。     

超轻型井点降水新技术的研究与应用

分析了轻型井点降水设备的现状与不足，提出了超轻型井点降水新技术，即对现有轻型井点降水设备进一步轻化。介绍了轻化改进的措施，并通过工程检验，取得了良好效果。     

管井与轻型井点复合降水方式的设计与施工

管井与轻型井点相结合组成复合式基坑降水，综合了两种降水方式各自的优点，在满足基坑降深的前提下，既能迅速疏干基坑内的滞水，又消除了因滞留水沿基坑槽壁渗流造成边坡失稳的缺陷，保证了基坑边坡的稳定。介绍了管井与轻型井点复合降水方式的设计与施工方法及在工程中的具体应用实例。     

射流泵流场的PIV测量

利用粒子图像速度场仪(PIV)对射流泵渐缩锥形入口、等径直管内有限空间水射流进行测量。该射流泵喉管面积与喷嘴面积之比为4.75,基于射流泵喷嘴直径D和喷嘴出口流速计算的雷诺数为3.68×105。通过流量比在0.20～0.80之间的变化来研究流量比对流场的影响。获得了射流泵对称面流场的速度矢量、轴心速度分布和轴向速度等值线图。结果表明:当射流泵的面积比确定后,射流泵内有限空间射流结构只与射流泵的流量比有关,流量比愈小,其轴心速度衰减得愈快,高速射流区愈短。测量结果为射流泵理论研究和优化设计提供可靠依据。     

同心式射流泵在深层井点降水中的应用

本文比较了几种深层干扰降水的特点，就国内深层降水设备存在的问题，有针对地研制了同心式射流泵井点降水系统，该系统利用喷射泵真空和排出口压力提升地下水，其降水深度大，集水效果好，出水量稳定，速度较快，设备结构简单可靠，解决了深大基坑砂、粘土地层中干扰降水的问题。     

轻型井点法在大西海子水库流砂基础处理中的应用

文章以新疆塔里木大西海子水库工程为实例,对"轻型井点"法降水在基础处理中的运用进行了阐述,介绍了"轻型井点"法降水布置和防止流砂的优点,并采取了避免对邻近建筑物、道路等产生危害性的措施,为类似工程流砂基础处理提供了科学依据。     

管井降水技术在延安东川水厂基坑施工中的应用研究

管井降水是一种采用钻孔成井,利用单井单泵以抽取地下水的井点降水方法,由于管井直径较大,出水量较大,主要适用于中、强透水含水层,基坑降水成功与否,直接关系到基坑开挖施工进度能否满足工期要求。以延安市黄河引水工程东川水厂基坑管井降水为例,对管井降水的适用范围、管井设计和施工方法在水厂基坑降水中的应用进行分析研究。最终确定管井降水方案为:在基坑顶部开挖线以外3 m布设单排井点,井管内径为DN600 mm,井距为11 m,井深18 m,每眼井内安设1台潜水泵,将井内渗水抽引至基坑顶部开挖线以外5 m处的环形防渗排水沟内,最终再通过防渗排水沟将渗水统一引排至水厂西侧的排洪渠内,实现了缩短工期和降低工程成本的预期目的。     

土钉墙与轻型井点联合基坑支护降水技术应用

结合一个具体工程应用实例，介绍了土钉墙与轻型井点联合基坑支护降水技术的设计方法，并初步总结了该技术的主要特点和应用注意事项。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of