车载LiDAR在城市部件采集中的应用

近几年,我国城市建设面积不断扩大,城市基础管理的难度也随之增加,数字城管项目作为城市管理信息化发展过程中的一项重要措施,对城市管理工作水平的提升发挥了重大作用。车载LiDAR移动测量技术作为一种高新技术,在我国也取得了较快的发展,这种技术能够对城市部件数据采集提供很多帮助。本文详细研究了车载LiDAR在城市部件采集中的应用,通过对比传统CORS测量数据,分析了其技术流程,并对其点云数据精度进行了评估,为数字城管中的城市部件采集工作提供了一个新方法。     

轻便型移动测量系统在城市部件采集中的应用

随着社会信息化进程的加速,城市部件采集和管理作为其工作的重要一环,借助轻便型车载移动测量系统采集效率明显高于传统测量方法,降低了外业采集的难度和危险,同时,内业数据处理中,高密度的点云数据有利于部件的快速提取和识别。本文设计了一套利用机动灵活的轻便型移动测量技术高效获取城市部件技术方案,以提高城市管理效率,最后提出相关改进意见。     

浅谈车载LiDAR技术在城市道路测量中的应用

为了加快现代"智慧城市"的信息化建设和发展,三维激光扫描技术的应用已成为城市空间地理信息建设必不可少的技术手段.车载LiDAR测量系统是以车辆作为载体利用激光扫描、GNSS定位、CCD相机以及惯导装置等技术的相互融合,能够快速采集被测地物表面的三维坐标数据信息,让城市空间信息和物体三维建模技术得到了快速的发展,为城市三维空间数据库的建设提供了高效的技术手段.与传统的测量模式相比,具有作业灵活、范围广、高精度、高分辨率、高效率的优点,已被越来越多的测绘科研机构和测绘生产部门所认可和应用.     

车载激光建模测量系统在城市部件普查中的应用

以某城市部件普查项目为背景,结合车载激光建模测量系统与测区城市部件普查技术要求,提出了基于车载激光建模测量系统的城市部件普查技术方案,并应用于项目实践,对普查技术方案的可行性、成果精度、优缺点及城市部件自动化提取采集等进行了探讨和分析。结果表明,基于车载激光建模测量系统的城市部件普查技术,可完全满足城市部件普查的技术要求、精度要求,城市部件自动化提取采集效率高,且较传统方法提高了数倍,成果形式也更加丰富多样,数据成果可挖掘性更强。     

激光测量采集车在城市部件调查中的应用

车载移动测量技术在国内已经发展了几年的时间,三维点云数据结合多相机曝光的RGB信息可以直接生成真实三维场景,通过该技术手段可以大大提高城市部件数据采集能力。激光点云数据经过处理后,将基于点云采集的城市部件信息导入SuperMap二三维一体化GIS平台,实现了城市部件数据的管理与三维场景展示。     

基于车载雷达技术的城市部件普查研究

针对传统的城市部件普查工作效率低、定位困难、缺乏安全性等弊端,提出了一种新的普查方式.利用车载雷达技术进行城市部件普查,即利用车载雷达对部件信息进行快速扫描,再通过采集的点云信息对部件进行精准定位,采集的全景照片展现部件的形态信息,可更方便地对部件数据进行内业采集.该普查方式不仅能快速更新部件数据、准确定位部件信息,而且避免了过多的人工外业采集过程,同时采集的点云和全景照片数据可重复利用,避免了数据的浪费.     

车载激光移动测量技术在数字城管部件数据采集中的应用研究

介绍了利用车载激光移动测量技术的原理,阐述了利用该技术进行城管部件数据采集的主要流程和注意点,并对采集的部件进行了精度分析,验证该技术的实用性.     

三维LiDAR激光扫描技术在不动产权籍调查中的应用

三维激光雷达(Light Detection and Ranging,LiDAR)系统通过发射和接收激光脉冲,能直接快速获得地表密集的高精度3维激光点云数据,以下简称LiDAR激光点云数据.本文应用车载LiDAR激光点云移动测量技术,结合房产测量系统及测区实际情况,对不动产测绘项目外业数据采集过程进行研究,并详细阐述了利用点云进行不动产外业测量的方法,最后与传统测图方法进行比较.结果表明,车载LiDAR激光点云移动测量技术可以满足不动产测绘的精度要求,而且外业数据采集效率较传统方法提高30多倍.可以为不动产测绘项目生产提供参考和借鉴.     

基于车载LiDAR测量系统的地籍测绘研究与应用

以北京四维远见信息技术有限公司的车载LiDAR测量系统为基础,对车载LiDAR在农村地籍测量中的关键技术和工作模式进行探索和总结,提出一套国产车载移动测量系统在农村地籍测绘应用的业务化技术流程。实验区域的示范应用与数据分析说明,该技术和模式先进可行,为车载Li DAR测量系统的广泛应用提供了参考。     

基于高清全自动模型数据的井盖数据采集

部件普查中井盖数据的采集较为费时费力,大部分井盖都位于道路路面,采集时作业员的人身安全受到较大威胁。随着移动测量技术的不断发展,目前车载激光移动测量系统已经可以快速的获取沿道路的高密度三维点云数据及高清纹理数据,此技术为快速、安全、高精度的采集井盖位置信息提供了高科技手段。本文以该技术手段采集沿道路的三维点云及纹理ss数据,从而实现快速的采集井盖等部件数据,并对采集结果进行精度验证。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。