攀枝花岩体钛铁矿成分特征及其成因意义

峨眉大火成岩省是全球最大的钒钛磁铁矿床聚集区,攀枝花岩体是其中的典型代表。根据岩性特点,攀枝花岩体主体可划分为上、中、下三个岩相带,其中中部岩相带和下部岩相带岩性旋回非常发育,每个旋回从下向上铁钛氧化物和暗色硅酸盐矿物逐渐减少,块状铁钛氧化物矿石或磁铁矿辉长岩都出现在每个旋回的底部和下部。然而,尽管钛铁矿固相线以下固溶体出溶远弱于磁铁矿,从而能更好地保留成因信息,但其成分变化的成因意义没有受到足够重视。本次研究发现作为主要金属氧化物之一的钛铁矿的成分不仅在不同岩性中有明显差异,同时,中、下部岩相带的各岩性旋回中钛铁矿成分也具有周期性变化。例如,块状矿石中钛铁矿具有最高的MgO和TiO2及最低的FeO、Fe2O3和MnO,而辉长岩中钛铁矿则具有相反的成分特征。同时,钛铁矿的MgO含量与磁铁矿的MgO含量及橄榄石的Fo牌号具有显著的正相关关系。这种规律性变化说明每个旋回可以代表一次比较明显的岩浆补充,每次新岩浆补充后,钛铁矿和磁铁矿及橄榄石都是结晶较早的矿物。与Skaergaard岩体相比,攀枝花岩体钛铁矿的MgO含量较高,表明攀枝花岩体分离结晶过程中铁钛氧化物结晶较早;与挪威Tellnes斜长岩套铁钛矿床中的钛铁矿相比,攀枝花岩体的钛铁矿不仅具有较高的MgO和FeO,还具有极高的TiO2和MnO,但Fe2O3却很低,说明地幔柱背景下形成的钛铁矿与斜长岩套中钛铁矿的成分有显著的区别。     

攀枝花盐边县岩口旅游区岩溶地质景观特征及其旅游开发探讨

攀枝花盐边县岩口旅游区天洞、溶洞、暗河、石林等岩溶景观独特,与自然景观和人文景观结合紧密,具有重要的科学研究、艺术观赏价值。本文主要依据岩溶形成的地质背景、岩溶景观特征以及旅游资源的价值、区位条件等,提出在该区建立地质公园等旅游开发的一些措施。      

滇中林柱状旅游地质景观赏析

滇中林柱状旅游地质景观是造型奇异、极具旅游吸引力的高品级旅游景观,具有极高的旅游价值。滇中林柱状旅游地质景观已开发成旅游胜地,是地质资源旅游资源化的范例。从旅游角度探讨林柱状旅游地质景观的赏析,以期进一步开展旅游地质景观的深层次研究。     

四川攀枝花市飞机湾钒钛磁铁矿地质特征及找矿前景

飞机湾钒钛磁铁矿位于攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿矿集区南西端,是近年来执行四川省基金项目新发现的勘查成果。作者总结了该矿床地质特征,含矿岩体特征,探讨了矿床成因及找矿远景。认为:矿体较稳定,矿石矿物以磁铁矿和钛铁矿为主,并伴生有钒等元素,具有较高经济价值。属岩浆晚期结晶分异型钒钛磁铁矿矿床,具有较大找矿潜力,找矿前景较好。     

川西地区地震遗迹旅游资源开发研究

2008年,四川汶川"5·12"特大地震给川西地区留下了分布广泛、类型多样、完整独特的地震遗迹资源。这些遗迹景观具有极高的科学价值、观赏价值和旅游开发价值。通过野外考察,对主要重灾区的地震遗址、遗迹景观进行分类,分析了该地震旅游资源的特征。根据地震遗迹旅游资源特点和区域特征提出了旅游开发的总体思路,并就整个川西地区地震遗迹旅游资源开发的协调互补与整合提出了建议。     

海南热带石林地貌成景分析及对比研究——以英岛石林和仙安石林为例

海南岛特殊的气候因素（热带季风气候）、地质构造（基岩地层为志留系）、水文地质条件以及母岩性质,为热带石林地貌的发育提供了有利条件。进而形成了有别于其他地区的、具有热带雨林特点的针状、剑状喀斯特地貌。海南省的旅游地位得天独厚,又赋予其极高的旅游开发价值。     

电子探针化学测年在攀枝花大田晶质铀矿中的应用及其意义

晶质铀矿和沥青铀矿是热液铀矿床的主要工业铀矿物,在研究热液铀矿床成因及成矿规律方面具有重要的意义。攀枝花大田地区是我国混合岩型热液铀矿分布区,已发现粗粒特富铀矿滚石(铀含量10%)及较富基岩矿石(铀含量为0.1%~2%),主要铀矿物为晶质铀矿,对两种晶质铀矿成分及形成时代的研究对该区混合岩型热液铀矿成矿规律研究具有重要的价值。本文通过对大田地区滚石中的晶质铀矿和基岩矿石中的晶质铀矿进行矿物学及电子探针分析,研究了晶质铀矿的成分及形成时代。结果表明:(1)大田地区滚石和基岩矿石中的晶质铀矿除铅之外化学成分较为相似,两类矿石晶质铀矿中UO_2含量为77.36%~84.04%,ThO_2含量为0.98%~5.59%,PbO含量为1.79%~8.8%,其中滚石晶质铀矿中的铅含量低于基岩晶质铀矿,钍含量高于基岩晶质铀矿;(2)电子探针化学定年结果表明,基岩矿石晶质铀矿的形成时代为774.9~785.5 Ma,滚石晶质铀矿的形成时代为783.7 Ma,与传统同位素测年结果(775~777.6 Ma)非常一致,一方面说明滚石晶质铀矿和基岩晶质铀矿为同一时代的产物,另一方面说明电子探针原位测年方法是可靠的;(3)在后期的热液蚀变中,晶质铀矿先后发生了硅化、碳酸盐化及赤铁矿化,蚀变发生的时间分别为730.6Ma、699.8 Ma和664.0 Ma。此结论对研究攀枝花大田地区热液铀矿成矿时代及成矿作用过程提供了依据。     

海螺沟地质公园地质遗迹景观资源特征及游览线路规划

海螺沟地质公园地质遗迹景观资源十分丰富，分布广泛，类型多样，以世界同纬度最低海拔现代冰川和温泉景观为代表，具有极高的科学考察价值。根据景点的空间分布特征规划了3个景区、66处景点和4条大众旅游线路、7条专项旅游路线。     

中坝石墨矿与三大湾石墨矿成矿地质条件对比

攀枝花中坝石墨矿与"三大湾"石墨矿位于康滇基底断隆带中段西缘大田背斜两翼,两者成矿地质条件存在一定的对称性(相似性)和差异性,"中坝"石墨矿位于混合花岗岩内部("残留体"),矿石类型为片岩型石墨矿,具有石墨粒度大、品位高的特征;"三大湾"石墨矿位于混合花岗岩边缘,矿石类型为千枚岩型石墨矿,具有石墨粒度小、品位低、变质程度低、部分碳质尚未发生重结晶变质为石墨矿的特征。通过对两矿床地质成矿条件对比分析发现,引起这种矿石质量变化的原因在于热接触变质作用(花岗岩位置)的差异,因此热接触变质作用在该地区石墨矿成矿过程中起到关键性作用。     

四川省甘孜州重要地质遗迹类型、分布与价值

甘孜州位于四川西部,地处中国一级阶梯青藏高原向第二级阶梯云贵高原和四川盆地过渡地带,属横断山系北段,山高谷深,最高峰贡嘎山海拔7 556 m,为"蜀山之王",是世界第11座高峰。复杂的地质构造作用,造就了区内类型多样、数量丰富的地质遗迹资源,目前已发现地质遗迹有3大类10类21亚类105处,是全省地质遗迹资源最丰富的地区,同时也是我国乃至世界地质景观资源最为丰富、最具特色的区域之一;区内地质遗迹品质高,有2处世界级、24处国家级地质遗迹;区内地质遗迹以冰川地貌、构造地貌、水体地貌、重要岩矿石产地、地震遗迹为特色,具有极高的科学研究价值、区域对比意义、保护价值、科普教育价值、观赏价值和旅游开发价值。     

攀钢石灰石矿H3滑坡研究

四川攀钢石灰石矿曾发生多次大规模滑坡,给矿山生产造成巨大损失。以其中规模较大的Ｈ３滑坡为研究对象,分析探讨该边坡的失稳原因,建立边坡失稳概念模型,并用离散单元法论证该边坡概念模型的合理性。     

Was the Panzhihua Large Fe-Ti Oxide Deposit,SW China,Formed by Silicate Immiscibility?

The Panzhihua mafic intrusion, which hosts a world-class Fe-Ti-V ore deposit, is in the western Emeishan region, SW China. The formation age(～260 Ma), and Sr and Nd isotopes indicate that the Panzhihua intrusion is part of the Emeishan large igneous province and has little crustal contamination. To assess ore genesis of the Panzhihua Fe-Ti-V ore deposit, two different models have been provided to explain the formation, namely silicate immiscibility and normal fractional crystallization. Silicate...     

攀枝花地区冰期膨胀土的工程特性研究

攀枝花地区冰期膨胀土生成于二冰期晚期中更新统冰期,通过室内和现场物理力学试验和分析,揭示攀枝花地区冰期膨胀土的物理力学性质具有很大的离散性,其性质受土体的矿物成分、含水率、裂隙面、埋藏深度、级配、试验条件等因素、条件的影响.试验研究表明:膨胀土中的裂隙面按光滑程度不相同,可分为两种类型,即光滑裂隙面和光滑擦痕裂隙面;粗...     

Impact of Urbanization and Industrialization upon Surface Water Quality:A Pilot Study of Panzhihua Mining Town

In order to investigate the impact of urbanization and industrialization on surface water quality,a pilot study of Panzhihua mining town was carried out.The urbanization of Panzhihua region was dominated by industry development and population growth.The level of urbanization showed that it was 18.44% in 1965,and reached 45.99% in 1983.Then,it reached 53.71% in 2005,so the urbanization process was very rapid in Panzhihua region.In the process of industrialization,the level of industrialization was fluctuated...     

The role of recycled oceanic crust in magmatism and metallogeny: Os–Sr–Nd isotopes, U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry of picritic dykes in the Panzhihua giant Fe–Ti oxide deposit, central Emeishan large igneous province, SW China

The picritic dykes occurring within fine-grained gabbro in the marginal zone and in the surrounding Proterozoic wall-rock marbles of the Panzhihua Fe–Ti oxide deposit closely correspond in bulk composition with the nearby Panzhihua intrusion. These dykes offer important constraints on the nature of the mantle source of the Panzhihua ore-bearing intrusion and its possible link to the Emeishan plume. U–Pb zircon dating of the picritic dyke yields a crystallization age of 261.4 ± 4.6 Ma, coeval with the timing of the main Panzhihua gabbroic intrusion and Late Permian Emeishan flood basalts. The Panzhihua picritic dykes contain 37.63–43.41 wt% SiO₂, 1.15–1.56 wt% TiO₂, 11.43–13.25 wt% TFe₂O₃, and 20.96–28.87 wt% MgO. Primitive-mantle-normalized patterns of the rocks are comparable to those of ocean island basalt. The rocks define a relatively small range of Os isotopic compositions and a low Os signature of ?0.13 to +2.76 for γ_Os (261 Ma). In combination with their Sr–Nd–Os isotopic compositions, we interpret that these rocks were derived from the Emeishan plume sources as well as the interactions of plume melts with the overlying lithosphere which had been extensively affected by eclogite-derived melts from the deep-subducted oceanic slab. Partial melting induced by an upwelling mantle plume that involved an eclogite or pyroxenite component in the lithospheric mantle could have produced the parental Fe-rich magma. Our study suggests that plume-lithosphere interaction might have played a key role in generating many world-class Fe–Ti oxide deposits clustered in the Panxi area.     

Phase Equilibria Constraints on Relations of Ore-bearing Intrusionswith Flood Basalts in the Panxi Region, Southwestern China

There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province (LIP); namely, small uitramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element (PGE)-bearing sulfide deposits and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Ti-V magnetite deposits in the Panxi region. However, except for their coeval ages, the genetic relations between the ore-bearing intrusions and extrusive rocks are poorly understood. Phase equilibria analysis (Q-PI-OI-Opx-Cpx system) has been carried out to elucidate whether ore-bearing Panzhihua, Xinjie and Limahe intrusions are co-magmatic with the picrites and flood basalts (including high-Ti, low-Ti and alkali basalts), respectively. In this system, the parental magma can be classified as silica-undersaturated olivine basalt and silica-saturated tholeiite. The equivalents of the parental magma of the Xinjie and Limahe peridotites and picrites and iow-Ti basalts are silica-undersaturated, whereas the Limahe gabbro-diorites and high-Ti basalts are silica-saturated. In contrast, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be alkali character. Phase equilibria relations clearly show that the magmas that formed the Panzhihua intrusion and high-Ti basalts cannot be co-magmatic as there is no way to derive one liquid from another by fractional crystallization. On the other hand, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be related to Permian alkali intrusions in the region, but does not appear to be related to the alkali basalts recognized in the Longzhoushan lava stratigraphy. Comparably, the Limabe intrusion appears to be a genetic relation to the picrites, whereas the Xinjie intrusion may be genetically related to be low-Ti basaits. Additionally, the gabbro-diorites and peridotites of the Limahe intrusion are not co-magmatic, and the former appears to be derived liquid from high-Ti basalts.     

Environmentally geochemical characteristics of vanadium in the topsoil in the Panzhihua mining area,Sichuan Province,China

Vanadium is a trace element, which may be biologically beneficial and possibly essential but certainly harmful to human beings and some living organisms if excessive. After over 40 years of development, the mining industry has caused serious environmental problems in the Panzhihua mining area. Vanadium is significantly accu-mulated in the soil of the Panzhihua area. Human activities have intensified the pollution and release of vanadium and caused serious damages to the ecological system there. In the past few years, the authors have made investiga-tions into and assessments on the geochemical distribution, chemical speciation, adsorption characteristics and transfer behavior of vanadium in the topsoil in the Panzhihua mining area. The results showed that: (1) the difference in the contents of vanadium in soil between premonsoon and monsoon is insignificant; (2) the adsorption isotherms of vanadium on soil in the Panzhihua mining area ate well described by the Langmuir type; (3) the transfer ability of vanadium in soil is interrelated to soil properties; and (4) the chemical speciation of vanadium shows an order of insoluble residue > oxidizable=reducible > soluble component. According to the above results, some countermea-sures to control pollution of vanadium in soil should be put forward.     

Phase Equilibria Constraints on Relations of Ore‐bearing Intrusions with Flood Basalts in the Panxi Region,Southwestern China

There are two types of temporally and spatially associated intrusions within the Emeishan large igneous province (LIP); namely, small ultramafic subvolcanic sills that host magmatic Cu-Ni-Platinum Group Element (PGE)-bearing sulfide deposits and large mafic layered intrusions that host giant Ti-V magnetite deposits in the Panxi region. However, except for their coeval ages, the genetic relations between the ore-bearing intrusions and extrusive rocks are poorly understood. Phase equilibria analysis (Q-Pl-Ol-Opx-Cpx system) has been carried out to elucidate whether ore-bearing Panzhihua, Xinjie and Limahe intrusions are co-magmatic with the picrites and flood basalts (including high-Ti, low-Ti and alkali basalts), respectively. In this system, the parental magma can be classified as silica-undersaturated olivine basalt and silica-saturated tholeiite. The equivalents of the parental magma of the Xinjie and Limahe peridotites and picrites and low-Ti basalts are silica-undersaturated, whereas the Limahe gabbro-diorites and high-Ti basalts are silica-saturated. In contrast, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be alkali character. Phase equilibria relations clearly show that the magmas that formed the Panzhihua intrusion and high-Ti basalts cannot be co-magmatic as there is no way to derive one liquid from another by fractional crystallization. On the other hand, the Panzhihua intrusion appears to be related to Permian alkali intrusions in the region, but does not appear to be related to the alkali basalts recognized in the Longzhoushan lava stratigraphy. Comparably, the Limahe intrusion appears to be a genetic relation to the picrites, whereas the Xinjie intrusion may be genetically related to be low-Ti basalts. Additionally, the gabbro-diorites and peridotites of the Limahe intrusion are not co-magmatic, and the former appears to be derived liquid from high-Ti basalts.     

峨眉山玄武岩的辉石研究

本文研究的峨眉山玄武岩的辉石均为单斜辉石。东川碱性火山岩中以透辉石为主,显示碱性岩系辉石的特征,但相对贫 LREE、Ti 等不相容元素,结晶时的 fO₂较高;攀枝花岩带主要是透辉石质普通辉石;其他剖面和地区多为普通辉石,且具拉斑质岩系富钙辉石的成分和演化特点。攀枝花带和西岩区辉石在化学成分上比较原始,而东岩区和中岩区辉石的成分演化程度相对较高。含 Ti 的“其他”阳离子对在各岩区（带）的辉石中均限重要,暗示它们的形成与火山弧环境无关。