钢纤维混凝土低剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

对不同钢纤维体积率、相同钢纤维混凝土强度的5个钢筋钢纤维混凝土低剪力墙试件以及不同钢纤维混凝土强度、相同钢纤维体积率的2个钢筋钢纤维混凝土低剪力墙试件,进行了低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,分析了剪力墙的延性、滞回性能和耗能能力等,研究了钢纤维体积率和钢纤维混凝土强度对钢筋钢纤维混凝土低剪力墙的延性及耗能能力的影响.试验和分析结果表明:掺加钢纤维的钢筋混凝土低剪力墙的延性、耗能能力都比普通钢筋混凝土低剪力墙明显提高,抗震性能良好.     

低掺量三元混杂纤维混凝土弯曲韧性试验研究

借助正交试验设计方法,研究了钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维、玄武岩纤维三种因素对混杂纤维混凝土弯曲韧性的影响,并筛选出增强、增韧效果最佳的纤维组合,结合荷载-挠度曲线,对混杂纤维混凝土变形过程、破坏机理进行描述。研究表明,钢纤维含量是影响混杂纤维混凝土弯曲韧性的关键因素;钢纤维体积掺量为1.5%,聚丙烯体积掺量为0.15%,玄武岩体积掺量为0.2%,得到的混杂纤维混凝土试件在破坏前期的增强增韧效果最好;钢纤维体积掺量为2%,聚丙烯体积掺量为0.1%,玄武岩体积掺量为0.2%,得到的混杂纤维混凝土试件在破坏后期的增韧效果最好,同时结合荷载-挠度曲线借鉴复合材料理论和纤维间距理论分析了其破坏过程及增韧机理,可为实际工程设计和选材提供参考。     

高强钢筋高强混凝土短肢剪力墙抗震性能试验研究与数值模拟分析

通过对6个L形和6个一字形高强钢筋高强混凝土短肢剪力墙进行拟静力试验和OpenSees有限元模拟相结合的方法,研究构件的抗震性能,得到试件的破坏形态及滞回曲线,骨架曲线,承载力等性能指标,并模拟分析了同高厚比下试件的轴压比依次从0.1增加到0.6,的抗震性能。结果表明:在低周往复荷载作用下试件主要为弯剪破坏;OpenSees能较好的模拟高强钢筋高强混凝土短肢剪力墙的弹塑性行为,试验结果与数值模拟结果吻合较好;采用高强钢筋高强混凝土使试件承载力显著提高,极限位移增大;承载力随轴压比提高,但高轴压比下腹板受压时易造成试件的迅速破坏,承载力迅速降低,提高配箍率使试件承载力提高,且能延缓试件端部损伤,提高试件后期的塑形变形能力。     

低配筋率混杂纤维自密实混凝土受弯梁的延性和变形

进行了一系列不同纤维类型和掺量的纤维增强低配筋率自密实混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究,分析了梁的荷载-跨中挠度曲线、延性和钢筋及混凝土的变形,并与钢纤维增强钢筋混凝土梁进行了对比。结果表明:与按最小配筋率配筋的钢筋混凝土梁或钢纤维混凝土梁相比,混杂纤维增强钢筋自密实混凝土梁的屈服荷载和极限荷载显著增加,2种纤维协同作用时具有明显的正混杂效应;纤维掺量为40+4 kg/m~3混杂纤维并按最小配筋率配筋的梁的极限荷载与按1.5倍最小配筋率配筋的梁相当;纤维降低了按最小配筋率配筋的梁的延性,减小了梁开裂后的跨中纵筋应变和压区边缘混凝土的压应变;混杂纤维混凝土梁的阻裂效果好于钢纤维混凝土梁。     

低周反复荷载下钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的斜截面承载力

通过低周反复荷载下5个钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁和1个普通钢筋混凝土连梁的抗剪性能试验,研究了钢纤维对钢筋混凝土连梁裂缝和破坏形态的影响,探讨了钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁的斜截面承载力随钢纤维掺量的变化规律,结合普通钢筋混凝土连梁斜截面承载力的计算方法,提出了钢筋钢纤维混凝土连梁斜截面承载力的计算公式,比较结果表明,计算值和试验值吻合较好。     

纤维-钢筋自密实混凝土矩形梁的剪切韧性

参照Banthia的PCS法和德国纤维混凝土规范,提出了采用剪切韧性指标评价纤维-钢筋自密实混凝土剪切破坏梁峰值荷载后受力性能的新方法。并对2组系列不同纤维-钢筋自密实混凝土剪切破坏梁峰值荷载后受力性能进行评价,同时对梁峰值荷载前吸收的能量进行比较。结果表明:钢纤维或混杂纤维显著地提高了梁峰值前能量吸收能力,混杂纤维在改善梁的峰值荷载前吸收能量上要优于钢纤维;掺加纤维掺量为40+4kg/m3或50kg/m3无箍筋梁的峰值前能量吸收值与构造配箍率的梁相当;仅掺加钢纤维或混杂纤维梁峰值后的荷载下降非常显著,峰值后维持荷载的变形能力小于仅配箍筋的梁;混杂纤维和箍筋的共同使用可改善梁的剪切韧性。     

考虑不同配筋率影响的板柱节点抗冲切性能分析

冲切破坏是钢筋混凝土板柱结构的主要破坏形式。通过对ACI318-08、Eurocode 2、GB50010-2010等规范中关于板柱节点受冲切承载力计算公式的对比分析,发现对于板中配筋率的影响可否忽略以及影响程度等问题的考虑并不统一。为深入研究配筋率对板柱节点抗冲切性能的影响,在考虑材料和几何非线性的基础上,通过有限元软件OpenSEES对5个配筋率分别为0.5%(2个)、0.99%、2.0%及3.0%的板柱节点试件进行数值模拟和参数分析,对比分析各试件的承载力、刚度变化过程及破坏特征,发现模拟结果和试验结果吻合较好。研究表明:配筋率是进行板柱节点抗冲切设计不可忽略的影响因素,建议在规范修订中考虑此参数。最后还分析了其抗震性能及混凝土强度对抗冲切承载力的影响。     

基于钢筋拉压力传递的预制空心板残余抗震性能研究

为提升建筑质量,分析在循环往复荷载作用下预制空心板整体抗震性能,研究基于钢筋拉、压应力传递的预制空心板残余抗震性能.制备不含钢筋预制空心板结构试件:不含钢筋试件、未使用钢筋拉压力传递间接搭接试件、使用钢筋拉、压应力传递灌孔构造边缘构建试件,对各试件循环施加地震荷载,记录各试件性能变化情况.试验结果表明,相比于压剪破坏的...     

预制空心板受火后力学性能的试验研究

为比较不同受火时间后预制空心板剩余承载力、跨中挠度和破坏形态的异同,进行了6块预制空心板受火后力学性能的对比试验研究,其中3块为未受火的对比试件,另3块为板底分别受火23、38、53min的试件。受火试验结果表明,各试件在升温过程中的跨中挠度随受火时间增加而显著增加,熄火自然冷却后,跨中挠度大部分可恢复。加载试验结果表明,对比试件和受火试件的最终破坏模式均为弯曲破坏;随着受火时间延长,试件开裂荷载和破坏荷载均有所降低,且破坏荷载与受火时间大致呈线性关系;受火试件初始弯曲刚度较对比试件明显降低,相同荷载作用下,受火试件受拉边缘拉应变和受压边缘压应变,均明显大于对比试件。     

利用有限元方法模拟力学拉伸试验以钢纤维混凝土为例

力学试验是获取岩石等许多工程材料力学性能的主要方法之一。 但是对某些特殊材料, 由于影响其力学性能的因素众多, 单纯通过试验来获取其力学性能, 成本高, 过程复杂。 如工程抗震中目前普遍使用的钢纤维混凝土(SFRC), 很难单纯通过力学试验来获取钢纤维的分布对其力学性能的影响。 本文基于随机方法对钢纤维混凝土建立有限元模型, 利用数值模拟的方法来估计钢纤维的分布和体积率对钢纤维混凝土拉伸性能的影响。 通过与试验结果比较验证了其可行性, 结果表明钢纤维的分布对钢纤维混凝土屈服前的力学性能影响较小, 对屈服后的应力-应变特征影响较大。 当钢纤维体积率从1%变化到2%, 钢纤维混凝土的屈服强度与体积率大致为线性关系, 强度随之增加。     

考虑锈蚀损伤的黏结滑移本构模型

为合理反映钢筋锈蚀后黏结滑移性能劣化对钢筋混凝土(RC)结构抗震性能的影响,在既有黏结应力分布模式的基础上,推导得到钢筋应力-滑移关系,进而通过分析锈蚀对混凝土与钢筋界面黏结滑移机理的影响,建立考虑钢筋锈蚀损伤的黏结滑移本构模型。基于已有拉拔试验结果,与仅考虑纵筋锈蚀率影响的Cheng模型进行对比,验证所建模型的合理性与准确性。基于OpenSees有限元平台,采用纤维梁柱单元和零长度截面单元串联的方式,将所建钢筋黏结滑移模型嵌套于零长度截面单元的钢筋本构中,建立可考虑黏黏结滑移的锈蚀损伤纤维梁柱模型,并通过6根锈蚀RC柱拟静力试验结果验证模型的准确性,结果发现所提考虑黏结滑移的锈蚀RC纤维梁柱模型计算所得滞回曲线与试验滞回曲线吻合良好,累计耗能最大误差不超过15%。此外,通过参数分析研究影响锈蚀钢筋滑移量的因素,结果表明屈服滑移量与极限滑移量随体积配箍率的增大而明显减小,随混凝土保护层与钢筋直径之比(c/d)增大而变化的幅度较小。     

基于OpenSees的巨型SRC柱低周反复试验数值分析

为研究巨型SRC柱抗震性能的数值模拟方法,本文基于有限元分析软件OpenSees,采用纤维单元模拟5根具有不同复杂截面型钢形式的巨型SRC柱试件的低周反复加载试验,并与试验滞回曲线以及骨架曲线进行对比分析。结果表明,该基于纤维单元的有限元模型能够较好模拟巨型SRC柱试件的滞回反应,具有一定的合理性和可靠性。同时采用一种新型高性能分层壳单元对其中一根巨型SRC柱试件进行精细有限元建模分析,分析结果与试验结果对比表明分层壳能够较好地模拟试件的初始刚度和峰值承载力;与纤维单元模拟结果对比表明纤维单元能够更好地模拟试件承载力的下降,结果更加精确,且计算效率更高;新型高性能壳单元DKGQ能够弥补原有壳单元的不足,更好地模拟构件因混凝土大量开裂剥落导致的承载力下降。     

Seismic performance of interior precast concrete beam-column connections with T-section steel inserts under cyclic loading

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the performance of precast beam-column concrete connections using T-section steel inserts into the concrete beam and joint core, under reversed cyclic loading. Six 2/3-scale interior beam-column subassemblies, one monolithic concrete specimen and five precast concrete specimens were tested. One precast specimen was a simple connection for a gravity load resistant design. Other precast specimens were developed with different attributes to improve their seismic performance. The test results showed that the performance of the monolithic specimen M1 represented ductile seismic behavior. Failure of columns and joints could be prevented, and the failure of the frame occurred at the flexural plastic hinge formation at the beam ends, close to the column faces. For the precast specimens, the splitting crack along the longitudinal lapped splice was a major failure. The precast P5 specimen with double steel T-section inserts showed better seismic performance compared to the other precast models. However, the dowel bars connected to the steel inserts were too short to develop a bond. The design of the precast concrete beams with lap splice is needed for longer lap lengths and should be done at the beam mid span or at the low flexural stress region.     

锈蚀箍筋约束混凝土加固柱抗震性能分析

为研究加固后锈蚀箍筋约束混凝土柱的抗震性能,设计16个钢筋混凝土矩形柱,对加速锈蚀后的试件采用外包钢及CFRP、GFRP材料进行加固处理,随后开展低周往复荷载试验,以研究不同加固材料、不同加固包裹方式、不同黏结材料等因素对锈蚀箍筋约束混凝土柱滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度衰减、延性性能及耗能能力等抗震性能指标的影响。研究结果表明:(1)与未锈蚀柱相比,加固后的箍筋锈蚀柱以弯剪破坏为主,CFRP加固试件较GFRP加固试件具有更高的承载力,但破坏时延性不如GFRP加固试件;(2)外包钢加固试件、CFRP加固试件、GFRP加固试件的耗能能力较未锈蚀试件分别增大222.3%、123.9%、98.5%,延性系数也相应增大45.3%、22.3%、25.6%。总之,外包钢加固对箍筋锈蚀柱抗震性能的提升最大,CFRP加固次之,但优于GFRP加固;整包加固优于环包加固;环氧树脂胶黏结略优于水泥基灌浆料黏结。     

Seismic performance of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete composite frame joints

To investigate the seismic performance of a composite frame comprised of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete (SRUHSC) columns and steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beams, six interior frame joint specimens were designed and tested under low cyclically lateral load. The effects of the axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio were studied on the characteristics of the frame joint performance including crack pattern, failure mode, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, strength degradation and rigidity degradation. It was found that all joint specimens behaved in a ductile manner with flexural-shear failure in the joint core region while plastic hinges appeared at the beam ends. The ductility and energy absorption capacity of joints increased as the axial load ratio decreased and the volumetric stirrup ratio increased. The displacement ductility coefficient and equivalent damping coefficient of the joints fell between the corresponding coefficients of the steel reinforced concrete (SRC) frame joint and RC frame joint. The axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio have less influence on the strength degradation and more influence on the stiffness degradation. The stiffness of the joint degrades more significantly for a low volumetric stirrup ratio and high axial load ratio. The characteristics obtained from the SRUHSC composite frame joint specimens with better seismic performance may be a useful reference in future engineering applications.     

钢管混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究

为研究钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能,对钢管混凝土桥墩和钢筋混凝土桥墩进行了拟静力对比试验研究。根据试件的破坏发展过程以及各试件的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,分析了其滞回性能、耗能能力、延性、强度退化及刚度退化等抗震性能。试验结果表明,钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能明显好于钢筋混凝土桥墩。在含钢率和轴力相同的情况下,钢管混凝土桥墩的滞回曲线比钢筋混凝土桥墩丰满得多,前者的耗能能力约为后者的4.46倍,钢管混凝土桥墩的延性大于钢筋混凝土桥墩;随着轴压比的增大,钢管混凝土桥墩延性有所下降,强度退化加快,但对其刚度退化的影响不大。     

钢-聚乙烯醇混杂纤维混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

本文设计了1片普通混凝土剪力墙试件和5片混杂纤维混凝土剪力墙试件,进行低周往复加载试验,研究混杂纤维混凝土分布位置和高度对剪力墙抗震性能的影响。根据拟静力试验数据,分析了墙体试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线及关键点、位移延性、刚度退化性能、耗能能力以及关键位置钢筋应力应变分布情况。结果表明:（1）剪力墙试件中采用混杂纤维混凝土的区域以均匀的水平裂缝为主,有效控制了剪力墙的斜裂缝的产生,最终表现出弯曲破坏模式。（2）相比混杂纤维混凝土分布在约束边缘区域,混杂纤维混凝土分布在底部的试件滞回曲线更加饱满,耗能能力更好。（3）混杂纤维混凝土分布高度越高,滞回曲线越饱满。当分布高度大于0.3h （h为全长）时,混杂纤维混凝土分布高度的提升对承载能力和变形能力的影响较小。（4）混杂纤维混凝土的掺入提高了剪力墙的抗剪性能,在一定程度上可替代水平分布筋。     

Effect of seismic design details on hysteresis performance of SRC-RC transfer columns

Four types of seismic design details were tested using 11 transfer column specimens and one comparison specimen of RC under low cyclic reversed loading. Test results show that diagonal cracks control the failure pattern and damage occurs mainly in the RC section with weak shear capacity in the transfer columns. There is a large difference in the bearing capacity and ductility of the transfer columns according to the test results, which indicates that the strengthening effect of diverse structural measures is quite different. The section ratio of I-section-encased steel and the axial compression ratio also have a great influence on the bearing capacity and ductility. Although the bearing capacity of transfer columns with additional longitudinal bars and additional X bars is relatively large, they have poor deformation capacity. Setting more stirrups along the columns is the best structural measure to enhance the seismic performance. The studs on the I-sectionencased steel by welding can help to complete the stress transfer between the steel and concrete, and avoid performance degradation of the two materials due to bonding failure.     

基于Reinforcing Steel本构的高强钢筋混凝土柱纤维模型研究

为了研究HTRB630E级高强钢筋的基本力学参数和疲劳性能,本文进行了应变等幅低周疲劳性能试验,并将试验结果与HRB400级钢筋的结果进行了对比分析。首先,基于应变等幅低周疲劳试验数据点,对OpenSees程序中Reinforcing Steel材料本构的疲劳参数C_f、C_d和α进行拟合,然后采用拟合的Reinforcing Steel材料本构疲劳三参数,基于OpenSees软件对钢筋混凝土柱有限元纤维模型进行数值模拟,最后将数值结果与试验柱结果对比分析。结果表明:拟合的疲劳三参数对有限元纤维模型有优化效果,为配置HTRB630E级高强钢筋混凝土结构数值纤维模型提供参考。     

Rehabilitation of earthquake damaged external RC beam‐column joints by joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles

The effectiveness of a rehabilitation method based on joint enlargement using prestressed steel angles to enhance the seismic behavior of damaged external reinforced concrete beam‐column joints was experimentally investigated. Three half‐scale joints having either non‐seismic or seismic reinforcement details were tested both before and after rehabilitation by applying lateral cyclic loading of increasing amplitudes. Two defects were considered for the two non‐seismic units, being the absence of transverse steel hoops and insufficient bond capacity of beam bottom steel reinforcing bars in the joint panel zone. The damaged specimens were rehabilitated by injecting epoxy grout into existing cracks and installing stiffened steel angles at the re‐entrant corners of the beam‐column joint, both above and below the beam, that were mounted and held in place using prestressed high‐tensile strength bars. The test results indicated that the seismic performance of the rehabilitated specimens in terms of strength, stiffness, and ductility was fully recovered and comparable with the performance of the seismically detailed specimen. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.