共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
简要介绍强震动观测和地震预警技术及其在核电站工程中的应用情况.基于有关导则相关要求的介绍,对核电站强震观测系统的一般要求进行说明,分别以Beznau核电站和我国某核电站为例,介绍了强震仪测点的布置情况.以立陶宛Ignalina核电站为例,对地震预警技术在核电站中的应用情况做了分析和探讨.最后,提出了今后核电站地震观测和地震预警中值得关注的有关问题. 相似文献
6.
7.
地震预警技术是减轻地震灾害的有效手段之一,而在预警系统中,震级的测定是最重要,也是最困难的。考虑到地震预警震级估算方法的区域性特点,本文利用内蒙古测震台网2016~2018年M_L≥2. 0地震波形数据共120条,分别采用P波3s时间窗内垂直向位移时程和P波全波段垂直向位移时程计算特征周期参数值,得到了地震预警震级的计算公式,并对其结果进行对比分析。结果显示,采用P波全波段关系式得到的结果较采用P波3s固定时间窗计算值收敛性更好,关系式拟合相关系数更接近1,能够对预警地震震级做出较好的估计。同时结合数据处理结果,探讨了地震预警的警报快速性和准确性之间的关系。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
受地震预警系统研究与应用近期取得成功的促使,我们研究了地震震级与单台接收的前3秒P波性质之间的关系。利用台湾宽频地震台阵的NACB台站记录到的震中距小于100km的46个地震的波形,我们发现高达6.5级地震的震级与初至P波特征周期的对数有线性相关关系。我们还发现,M〈6.5级地震的震级与初至P波的峰值振幅存在确定性的关系。虽然更大地震的初至P波峰值振幅的行为有待进一步研究,但我们建议在现场(单台)地震早期预警操作中联合使用前3秒初至P波的特征频率和峰值振幅。 相似文献
11.
随着国家地震烈度速报与预警工程的开展,“地震预警”越来越进入公众的视线,国内外关于“什么是地震预警”的问题越来越多,对地震预警技术的解释也多种多样。本文论述了我国地震预警的进展,地震预警的实质和局限性。地震预警实质是地震观测进入密集观测新阶段,地震速报从分钟级发展到秒级超快地震速报,也就是地震警报。由于在地震预警实际应用中受预警盲区和地震强度估算不准确的局限,地震科学家对地震预警技术应用效能的认识也在不断加深和变化,逐步认识了发挥地震预警的警报作用的重要性。同时,地震预警是复杂的社会工程,引导公众认识地震预警的局限性,才能有效发挥减灾效能。 相似文献
12.
Bing-Ru Wu Nai-Chi Hsiao Pei-Yang Lin Ting-Yu Hsu Chiou-Yun Chen Shieh-Kung Huang Hung-Wei Chiang 《Journal of Seismology》2017,21(1):165-180
An earthquake early warning (EEW) system with integration of regional and onsite approaches was installed at nine demonstration stations in several districts of Taiwan for taking advantages of both approaches. The system performance was evaluated by a 3-year experiment at schools, which experienced five major earthquakes during this period. The blind zone of warning was effectively reduced by the integrated EEW system. The predicted intensities from EEW demonstration stations showed acceptable accuracy compared to field observations. The operation experience from an earthquake event proved that students could calmly carry out correct action before the seismic wave arrived using some warning time provided by the EEW system. Through successful operation in practice, the integrated EEW system was verified as an effective tool for disaster prevention at schools. 相似文献
13.
地震预警定位方法研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
实时地震定位是地震预警系统中必须解决的关键问题之一.文中在借鉴已有实时地震定位方法的基础上并结合我国台网的实际情况,推导得到一套利用前三/四台P波、S波到时信息进行实时定位的算法.作者选取2000年至2008年问福建省地震监测台网记录到的68个3.0级以上地震对该算法进行验证.研究结果表明,采用文中方法的定位结果具有一... 相似文献
14.
Earthquake early warning (EEW) is discriminated from earthquake prediction by using initial seismic waves to predict the severity of ground motion and issue the warning information to potential affected area. The warning information is useful to mitigate the disaster and decrease the losses of life and economy. We reviewed the development history of EEW worldwide and summarized the methodologies using in different systems. Some new sensors came and are coming into EEW giving more developing potential to future implementation. The success of earthquake disaster mitigation relies on the cooperation of the whole society. 相似文献
15.
Increasing vulnerability of metropolitan areas to earthquake and the very low probability level at which short term earthquake forecasting is possible make earthquake early warning methods (EEW) the main viable alternative for effective risk reduction in cities. Preventive actions, such as retrofitting and building and the diffusion of construction codes, are of course essential. They are not sufficient. A substantial proportion of the population in areas of higher earthquake hazard still reside in buildings that do not meet modern earthquake resistant standards, and cannot currently be strengthened in an economically viable manner. As demonstrated in Japan EEW has the potential of significantly contributing to reduce individual vulnerability of urban population to earthquakes. Future research on EEW should be focused on its implementation to protect lifelines, infrastructures and strategic buildings, and it should include training of administrators and people who can fully exploit the technological advantages offered by EEW systems. In particular it should foresee extensive cost-benefit analysis for each potential application, the identification and solution of legal problems (such as liability in the event of false or missed alarms), education and training, both for mitigation and response, as well as detection and processing within 1 s of the first seismic wave arrivals. Further objectives include the development of people-centred EEW, specialized IT and decision making support systems, integration of sensors, communications and decision making systems, integration into programs of eco-sustainable development, and integration with other EW systems (all hazard systems). 相似文献
16.
John Clinton Aldo Zollo Alexandru Marmureanu Can Zulfikar Stefano Parolai 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2016,14(9):2441-2458
European researchers and seismic networks are active in developing new approaches to earthquake early warning (EEW), implementing and operating test EEW systems, and in some cases, offering operational EEW to end users. We present the key recent developments in EEW research in Europe, describe the networks and regions where EEW is currently in testing or development, and highlight the two systems in Turkey and Romania that currently provide operational systems to a limited set of end users. 相似文献
17.
It is clear that the basic countermeasure against earthquake strong motion is to reinforce buildings and other structures. Realtime earthquake disaster prevention is a countermeasure during the earthquake itself and is different from realtime seismology. An EEW, earthquake early warning system, is required to trigger realtime earthquake disaster prevention. It is important to avoid too much trust in EEW for the disaster prevention. This paper describes the concept of an EEW and gives a brief history, which eventually led to the development of the UrEDAS, the urgent earthquake detection and alarm system, the first operational P-wave early warning system. A real-world example of disaster prevention by this system is described. Finally, the role of national or public organizations in earthquake disaster prevention will be discussed, with special emphasis on the situation in Japan. 相似文献
18.
日本地震预警系统发展历程 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地震预警(EEW)或实时地震预警系统是指,几秒内检测到临近区域可能发生的强烈地震后,对本地提供预警信息的系统。地震预警的目标是,通过相应决策让人们能够在多种环境中保护自己,并减轻与地震相关的次生灾害。本文详细介绍了地震预警系统在日本的发展历程,指出预警信息已不再局限于向高级用户和公众用户进行发布,私人定制用户已成为预警信息发布的重要需求。未来地震预警技术的发展,特别是实时断层源成像识别技术,对改善预警系统并快速识别震源参数具有重要意义。 相似文献
19.
In this article, we systematically introduce the latest progress of the earthquake early warning (EEW) system in Fujian, China. We focus on the following key technologies and methods: continuous earthquake location and its error evaluation; magnitude estimation; reliability judgment of EEW system information; use of double-parameter principle in EEW system information release threshold; real-time estimation of seismic intensity and available time for target areas; seismic-monitoring network and data sharing platform; EEW system information release and receiving platform; software test platform; and test results statistical analysis. Based on strong ground motion data received in the mainshock of the Wenchuan earthquake, the EEW system developed by the above algorithm is simulated online, and the results show that the system can reduce earthquake hazards effectively. In addition, we analyzed four earthquake cases with magnitude greater than 5.5 processed by our EEW system since the online-testing that was started one year ago, and results indicate that our system can effectively reduce earthquake hazards and have high practical significance. 相似文献
20.
用于地震预警的通用数据采集系统构建 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地震预警作为一种能够有效减轻地震灾害的手段已经被越来越多的国家和地区研究, 并在实际应用中取得了显著的减灾实效。 但是, 这些地震预警系统中都是以秒为单位组织数据包进行传输的, 使得在使用P波前三秒数据进行τc-Pd计算时, 会出现一定的延迟, 尤其是当P波开始位置处于数据包的前半部分时, 延迟会超过0.5 s以上。 另外, 由于现有的地震数据采集系统在同一时刻只能输出一种采样率, 采集到的数据无法在同一时刻用于多种研究目的。 针对这两种情况, 研制了一种适用于地震预警的低延迟数据采集系统, 以100 ms的延迟进行实时数据的传输, 有效提升了预警时间, 最多可增加0.8 s。 同时, 在系统中增加了同步多采样率输出, 使得采集到的数据在同一时刻既可用于全球地震学研究(1 Hz), 又可用于常规地震台站观测(50/100/200 Hz), 提高地震计产出数据的利用率。 相似文献