新疆铂族元素成矿地质条件及找矿方向研究

在综合分析前人成果基础上,通过大量野外调查和室内综合研究,应用岩浆-沉积建造学观点,从基性、超基性岩与区域大地构造演化,不同类型的火山-沉积作用的成生关系,首次将新疆境内的岩体划分为绿岩、类暗色岩、蛇绿岩三种建造类型,并分别论述了不同类型岩体的形成构造环境、岩石组合和建造特征、区分标志及成矿专属性。绿岩建造型岩体代表早期大陆地壳裂陷作用和一套与绿岩型火山-沉积建造相关的侵入体,以菁布拉克、库鲁克塔格和西昆仑三岩带为代表;蛇绿岩型岩体系哈萨克斯坦板块不同时期和不同发展阶段的大洋化过程产物。计有乌什通沟-卡瓦布拉克、红柳沟-安南坝、阿帕-芒崖、唐巴勒、洪古尔勒愣、达拉布特、阿尔曼泰、克拉麦里、博乐霍洛、库米什及米斯布拉克等共12个岩带;类暗色岩建造型岩体系在西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦和塔里木三大板块拼合后,成生于一种过渡壳类型的陷裂构造环境,并与一套中酸性火山岩-沉积岩建造有关的侵入体,包括喀拉通克、博格达-巴里坤、黄山、特克斯及穹塔格等五个岩带。依据岩石学、矿物学、地球化学及数学地质等的研究,蛇绿岩型岩体多属镁质系列的超基性岩类,以铬铁矿化为明显特征,伴生的铂族元素矿化主要属高温的Os、Ir、Rh、Ru型,且与铬铁矿密切相关。绿岩和类暗色岩建造型由铁质系列的基性-超基性杂岩构成,是区内已知重要的铜、镍、铂成矿类型的岩体。据此,作者从区域成矿地质条件分析入手,对新疆境内的不同类型岩体的含铂性及远景进行了评述,并提出库鲁克塔格、菁布拉克两岩带为成矿远景区带,兴地Ⅱ号和特克斯岩体为成矿靶区岩体。     

新疆菁布拉克岩体地球化学特征及其对矿床成因的约束

以西天山菁布拉克岩体为代表的菁布拉克岩带是新疆北部五条重要含铜镍矿基性-超基性岩带之一,该岩带处于伊犁微板块南部边缘隆起活动带内,那拉提山北麓深大断裂南侧。从大地构造上,菁布拉克岩带处于塔里木板块和伊犁微地块的交汇处,受控于深大断裂。所出露的菁布拉克、喀拉达拉、恰干萨依、乔勒铁克西、丘拉克特勒克、苏鲁、琼阿乌孜等十多个基性-超基性岩体,大致呈EW向分布在那拉提山脊深断裂及其     

新疆奥尔塘铁磷矿地质特征及找矿意义

通过库鲁克塔格地区基性-超基性杂岩带的综合研究,在奥尔塘地区发现了磁铁矿-磷灰石矿床,该矿床产于隐伏的辉长岩杂岩体中。对该含矿岩体特征、岩矿石化学组成、微量元素、稀土元素组成与矿床地质特征的调查研究,表明库鲁克塔格地区基性-超基性杂岩带铁磷矿成矿条件好,找矿前景可观。     

新疆库鲁克塔格地区铁磷矿成矿条件及找矿预测

通过对库鲁克塔格地区基性-超基性杂岩带成矿条件、地球物理、含矿杂岩体特征、岩体地球化学等几个方面的综合研究。将库鲁克塔格地区基性-超基性杂岩划分出卡乌留克塔格-团结村北山、兴地河两大杂岩矿集区。总结了控矿因素与成矿规律,建立找矿标志,进行了成矿远景预测,划分出7个成矿远景区,通过预测首次发现铁磷矿床与矿化带,为在我国北方寻找内生磷矿拓展了方向。     

西藏山南地区程巴蛇绿岩及铬铁矿浅析

<正>世界上原生铬铁矿床主要分为两种类型。第一类是产于具有韵律层理的层状基性-超基性侵入杂岩体内的层状铬铁矿,典型例子分布于南部非洲的前寒武纪地盾区,如布什维尔德(Bushveld)、斯蒂尔瓦(Stillwater)和大岩墙(Great Dyke)等铬铁矿床。第二类是产于蛇绿岩的超镁铁质杂岩(阿尔卑斯型超镁铁质杂岩)内的豆荚状铬铁矿床,其特征与层状铬铁矿不同,     

富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿床的成矿模式

富铝型豆荚状铬铁矿床系指产于ＰＴＧ系列蛇绿岩套地幔橄榄岩中的矿石，以富铝（Ａｌ２Ｏ３＞２０％）、低铬（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３＜４５％）为特征的铬铁矿床。该类型矿床以萨尔托海、贺根山及洪古勒楞铬铁矿床为代表。含富铝型铬铁矿床的岩体以伴有丰富的基性分凝体、含长地幔橄榄岩的出现以及矿石四周发育绿泥石薄壳而区别于含富铬型铬铁矿床的岩体。作者的研究表明富铝型铬铁矿床是原始地幔岩不同程度部分熔融再造的产物。富铬矿浆代表高度部分熔融的最终残余。富铝型铬铁矿床的成矿模式有两种：一为原始地幔岩中低度部分熔融再造的产物，以缺失高熔杂岩带为特征，属中低熔再造成矿模式，以洪古勒楞矿床为代表；另一种为原始地幔岩高度熔融再造的产物，以发育高熔杂岩带为特征，基性熔体与富铬矿浆之间曾发生了再平衡作用，属高熔再造－再平衡成矿模式，以萨尔托海及贺根山矿床为代表。     

东天山色尔特能豆荚状铬铁矿的发现及意义

色尔特能镁铁质-超镁铁质岩位于东天山小热泉子构造带和觉罗塔格构造带结合部位,由纯橄岩-辉橄岩-辉石岩和辉长岩组成。2020年发现一条铬铁矿体,长2 m,宽1 m,走向110°,豆荚状,Cr2O3品位40.71%。通过野外地质特征分析与成矿理论研究,认为其属蛇绿岩型豆荚状铬铁矿。该类型矿产的发现在康古尔断裂带一带尚属首次,表明色尔特能镁铁质-超镁铁质岩为蛇绿岩,非基性-超基性侵入岩。证明东天山康南-东恰特尕力-色尔特能蛇绿岩带的存在,大大拓展了东天山铬铁矿勘查潜力,具有重要理论和现实意义。     

西藏西南部达巴—休古嘎布绿岩带铬铁矿的找矿前景

雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带长1500km以上,分为东段(曲水—墨脱)、中段(昂仁—仁布)和西段(萨嘎以西至中印边境)3部分。西段又进一步分为北亚带(达机翁—萨嘎蛇绿岩带)和南亚带(达巴—休古嘎布蛇绿岩带),以往的研究程度很低。达巴—休古嘎布蛇绿岩带的蛇绿岩体(块)由地幔橄榄岩组成,主要岩石类型是方辉橄榄岩和纯橄榄岩,极少量二辉橄榄岩,缺少典型蛇绿岩剖面中的洋壳单元。带内岩体规模大,岩相分带明显,出现较大面积的纯橄榄岩相。拉昂错、东坡、当穷岩体和休古嘎布岩体群发现有较多的铬铁矿化点,矿体呈透镜状(豆荚状)、短脉状、不规则状,矿石以致密块状为主,少部分为浸染状,Cr2O3含量一般达40%以上。矿化类型属于豆荚状铬铁矿。对比研究显示,该岩带的岩体在构造环境,蛇绿岩的类型,岩体规模,岩石组成,保存部位,部分熔融程度,岩石、矿物地球化学特征,铬铁矿化特征等许多方面与国内外大型豆荚状铬铁矿床的含矿岩体相似,成矿条件好,找矿前景较大。提出区内找矿前景最好的地段是拉昂错岩体西北部的纯橄榄岩相,其次是东坡岩体的纯橄榄岩相、纯橄榄岩-方辉橄榄岩相,以及当穷岩体的方辉橄榄岩-纯橄榄岩相。     

甘孜-理塘断裂带金矿成矿地质特征和控矿因素浅析

甘孜-理塘断裂带是重要的金铜多金属成矿带,沿断裂发育有晚三叠世曲嘎寺组中基性火山岩系及其有成因联系的铁质基性超基性浅成侵入体,构成典型的蛇绿岩建造,并为金的矿源层;金成矿主要在燕山-喜山期,与碰撞造山作用密切相关,形成了蛇绿岩(混杂岩)建造中的浅成低温热液型金矿;该带已发现嘎拉、错阿、生康、雄龙西、阿加隆洼等大中型金矿床,196处金异常,其中74个异常为Au,As,Sb,(Hg)组合异常,展现出巨大的资源潜力和找矿前景.     

甘肃北山红石山基性-超基性岩体的成因类型及构造意义

红石山基性-超基性岩体是板块构造研究者重点关注的岩体之一,通过岩体地质特征及系统的岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素等研究,探讨了红石山基性-超基性岩体的成因类型和形成构造环境。根据岩体的岩石类型组合、相带产出关系、纯橄岩离析体的发育、岩体内部流动构造、晚期多种岩脉和铬铁矿矿化类型等特征研究表明,岩体应是一种岩浆类型的侵入体;从岩石化学、微量、稀土元素地球化学特征上可反映出该岩体是晚古生代(石炭—二叠纪)时期与古亚洲大洋在向南消之闭合其间,于雀儿山-英安山岛弧带南缘发育起来的一种弧后盆地裂谷类型的地幔岩浆作用产物,其机制或动力学环境为一种弧后扩张,地幔上隆的大陆裂谷岩浆作用机制。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with