安徽铜陵矿集区与块状硫化物矿床有关的热水沉积岩

通过对铜陵地区系统的填图观察和室内研究 ,初步确定了铜陵地区海西期的热水沉积岩。它们是 :石炭系黄龙组 ,由下而上、由内到外的层序包括含硫化物滑石蛇纹石岩 (由原岩为含水富镁碳酸盐岩 +二氧化硅的热水沉积岩变质而成 )→块状、层状 (含铜金 )黄铁矿±铁碧玉±硬石膏±菱铁矿±菱锰矿±硅质岩→含炭质粘土→白云岩 ;二叠系为栖霞组 (含铅锌金 )硅质岩、孤峰组 (含锰 )硅质岩和大隆组 (含钼 )硅质岩。这些热水沉积岩总体构成铜陵地区晚古生代多期热水活动的格局。常量元素、微量元素和稀土元素的分析结果表明 ,本区的硅质岩具有热水沉积岩的特征。氧同位素估算的热水硅质岩古温度在 4 9℃以上。铜陵地区的热水沉积岩对层控矿床的勘查和隐伏矿床的预测评价具有重要的理论和实际意义 ,尤其是黄龙组底部的热水沉积岩是铜陵地区找矿的重要标志 ,对于指导长江中下游地区 ,如宁芜等地 ,寻找该层位的矿床有着不可替代的指示意义。     

藏南古堆地区三叠系涅如组含放射虫硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境分析

通过野外地质调查和系统的岩石化学、主量元素、微量元素以及稀土元素等研究,探讨了藏南地区三叠系涅如组含放射虫硅质岩的地球化学特征及其沉积环境。研究区的硅质岩呈黑色、灰黑色或灰褐色薄层状或透镜状产出,具有较低的SiO_2含量,对研究区的硅质岩的主量元素运用了Fe-Mn-Al三角成因判别图、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值、K_2O/Na_2O比值、Si/(Si+Al+Fe)比值、100×(Al_2O_3/SiO_2)-100×(Fe_2O_3/SiO_2)、Al_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)-Fe_2O_3/(100-SiO_2)及Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)-Fe_2O_3/TiO_2图解等,显示硅质岩为具有生物成因的非热水或弱热水的大陆边缘沉积环境;硅质岩的稀土元素ΣREE变化较大,通过对硅质岩的稀土元素北美页岩标准化和球粒陨石标准模式图对比、Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)-LaN/CeN图解及特征指数Ce/Ce*和LaN/CeN分析研究,显示硅质岩为大陆边缘、大陆边缘—深海的过渡环境;对硅质岩的微量元素运用了U/Th及Ni/Co比值,显示了非热水沉积物的环境特征。综合研究分析岩石化学、主量元素、微量元素以及稀土元素等因素及生物特征,可以得出研究区的硅质岩具有生物特征的非热水的大陆边缘沉积环境。     

西藏谢通门县春哲地区中二叠统下拉组硅质岩地球化学特征及构造环境意义

通过详细野外地质调查和岩石化学、稀土元素、微量元素等方面研究,探讨了西藏春哲地区中二叠统下拉组(P_2x)硅质岩成因及其形成地质构造环境。研究结果表明,春哲地区硅质岩的SiO_2与MgO负相关性明显,主量元素中的SiO_2/Al_2O_3-MnO/TiO_2和Fe_2O_3/FeO-SiO_2/Al_2O_3在双变量图解中均落入热水沉积岩区;微量元素中Ag、As、Sb含量均高出地壳平均值,Ni/Co值为0.11～2.05,Ti/V值为35.90～48.37,均显示明显的热水沉积特征。其Al/(Al+Fe)值及MnO/TiO_2值较低,稀土元素的(La/Yb)N值介于1.35～1.97,(La/Ce)N值为1.08～1.15,(Ce)N=0.89～0.95。结合下拉组发育大量的滨浅海相碳酸盐岩等特征,研究表明春哲地区硅质岩形成于大陆边缘浅海构造环境,应为大陆边缘环境下形成的与火山活动有关的热水沉积硅质岩。该套岩石的发现说明冈底斯成矿带西段区域上中二叠世应发育一次火山热液喷流事件。鉴于许多学者在冈底斯成矿带东段古生界来姑组发现了大型喷流沉积型铅锌多金属矿床,该发现指示冈底斯成矿带中西段的古生界地层中存在寻找火山喷流型矿床的前景。     

安徽狸桥地区晚石炭世硅质岩的发现及其地质意义

安徽狸桥地区出露一套硅质建造,其赋存于黄龙组灰岩与五通组石英砂岩之间,呈层状产出,显微镜下主要由隐晶质石英组成,具角砾结构,未见硅质生物,局部有硅化、褐铁矿化现象。其地球化学特征显示,本区硅质岩Si O2含量为93.57%~98.06%(平均为97.22%),∑REE含量低,为4.89×10~(-6)~18.40×10~(-6)(平均为11.29×10~(-6)),δCe为0.50~0.68(平均为0.58),呈负异常,δEu为1.13~2.98(平均为1.49),呈明显的正异常。Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.11~0.64(平均为0.45),Al_2O_3,TiO_2与Si O2相关性较差,而Fe2O3和Si O2呈明显的正相关。结合双变量SiO_2-Al_2O_3、SiO_2-MgO,三变量Al-Fe-Mn,Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+Cu)×10图解,指示其为热水沉积成因;其δEu、Mn O/TiO_2、Fe2O3/TiO_2和Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)值分析,其沉积环境为远离陆源物质供给的大陆边缘,受到强烈的热水活动影响。综上表明:晚石炭世时期,狸桥地区处于受基底深断裂及同沉积断裂控制的二级断陷盆地内,可能由于地壳的持续拉张、减薄,导致火山热液或喷气活动沿基底深断裂在海底火山喷发间歇式或旋回期发生热水喷流作用,形成了具有热水喷流沉积成因的角砾状硅质岩。这一发现对于长江中下游地区晚古生代热水沉积硅质岩的研究提供一定的借鉴,也为长江中下游地区至少在石炭纪时存在一定的热水活动提供了有利的证据。     

渔塘坝硒矿硅质岩的地球化学特征及成因

渔塘坝硒矿床是目前我国发现含硒量 (85 90× 10 -6)最高的小型独立硒矿床 ,其赋矿岩石主要为硅质岩 ,且发育程度较高。早二叠世晚期的黑色碳质硅质岩系 ,是区内的赋矿层位 ,它局限于特定的沉积相位 ,即碳酸盐台地海盆浅部沼泽 (藻沼 )环境沉积的黑色碳质硅质岩相带 ,硒矿化层和这套碳质硅质岩相带密切相关 ,其矿化相带呈NW向展布。硅质岩的SiO2 含量变化较大 (6 4 .2 %～ 94 .85 % ) ,平均为 75 .9% ;Fe2 O3 、FeO、MnO、TiO2 、Al2 O3 和MgO等含量相对较高 ,与其它热水成因硅质岩相近 ;硅质岩富含As、Sb、Fe和Ag ,而贫Cu、Co和Ni;在Al Fe (Cu +Co +Ni)三角图、U—Th相关图和P2 O5 Y相关图上的投影特征 ,也同样显示出硅质岩的热水成因特征。另本区硅质岩中的Cr含量较大 ,且 (Fe +Mn) /Ti的比值为 6 .34,这表明硅质岩在成因上还可能和二叠纪峨眉山玄武岩喷发的火山作用有一定的联系     

青海铜峪沟铜矿区含黄铜矿硅质岩及其地质找矿意义

位于东昆仑与西秦岭衔接转换部位的青海铜峪沟是鄂拉山成矿带上一处重要的大型铜矿床,矿山增储和外围找矿问题突出,硅质岩可能是重要找矿标志之一。铜峪沟铜矿区硅质岩呈层状、似层状及条带状整合产于中—下三叠统中,由微晶-细晶石英组成,含少量绢云母、黄铜矿及磁黄铁矿等。硅质岩主微量元素特征,如Al_2O_3-Ti O_2图解、Fe-Mn-(Cu+Ni+Co)×10三角图解和P_2O_5-Y图解,以及硅氧同位素特征等方面显示出典型热水沉积地球化学特征;同时岩石Si/Al比值、U/Th比值及稀土元素特征等表明热水沉积体系遭受了少量陆源物质的影响。此外,硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)-Fe_2O_3/Ti O_2图解、Ti/V-V/Y图解、(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)图解及稀土元素特征等均显示其形成于大陆边缘环境。区域上,随着阿尼玛卿洋由南向北俯冲,早—中三叠世铜峪沟一带属弧后盆地环境,盆地内发生喷流沉积作用使大量成矿物质预富集形成矿胚层,此为重要成矿期,而硅质岩作为该过程的重要地质记录,同时指示区域上错扎玛和塔东等地有较好的找矿前景。     

武夷山成矿带龙岩地区晚石炭世热水成因硅质岩的发现及其地质意义

武夷山成矿带发育多期海相火山成矿建造,是近些年矿产勘查的重要对象。基于该成矿带龙岩地区晚石炭世经畲组铅锌矿化角砾岩层的宏观地质特征,对其中硅质岩进行了岩相学和岩石地球化学研究,探讨铅锌来源与富集机制等问题。研究发现,硅质岩SiO_2和Al_2O_3呈负相关,Fe_2O_3/FeO大多数1,并具有Eu正异常特征,说明硅质岩为热水沉积成因。硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+TFe_2O_3)值为0.73～0.80(平均值为0.77)、Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+TFe_2O_3+MnO)值为0.60～0.65(平均值为0.62),LaN/CeN为0.86～2.49(平均值为1.52),表明硅质岩形成时受到了陆源物质影响。龙岩地区晚石炭世经畲组铅锌矿化角砾岩层是海底热水喷口塌陷作用的产物,对指导该区铅锌矿找矿工作具有重要意义。     

江西华齐铜多金属矿区含矿硅质岩的地球化学特征及成因探讨

矿产远景地质调查过程中,在江西华齐铜多金属矿区发现含矿硅质岩.测试分析显示,区内硅质岩贫Al2O3、TiO2,Co、Cr等元素含量低,贫∑REE,δ(Eu)为负异常,δ(Ce)为弱正异常,HREE相对富集等热水沉积物的特征.在判别硅质岩形成的系列图解上,样品均指示热水沉积作用和大陆边缘环境,这与SiO2/Al2O3、S...     

刚果(金)Kalumbwe-Myunga铜钴矿区硅质岩地球化学特征及其意义

罗安群矿山组是研究区的主要赋矿层位,发育有硅质岩。通过野外观察和岩石主量元素、微量元素以及稀土元素等研究,对硅质岩的地球化学特征、沉积环境及成矿作用进行了分析。结果表明,研究区硅质岩SiO_2平均含量为82.12%。在Fe-Mn-Al、SiO_2/Al_2O_3-Al_2O_3判别图上,显示硅质岩为非纯热水沉积成因,且有陆源碎屑物质混入。样品的Ba/Sr值为2.35～50.47,U/Th值为1.32～24.37,表明硅质岩沉积时海底热水作用强烈。稀土元素分配模式、∑REE、LREE/HREE和(La/Ce)N值表明硅质岩主要形成于大陆边缘,沉积时还受到热水作用影响。由于脆性和裂缝的发育,硅质岩有利于金属矿物富集成矿,金属矿物及其氧化物沿其裂隙分布。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带西段去申拉组泥质硅质岩的发现及其地质意义

首次在班公湖-怒江缝合带西段去申拉组中发现了泥质硅质岩,呈2个层位产出。为探讨泥质硅质岩的沉积环境、成因及与班-怒特提斯洋西段构造演化的关系,进行岩石学和地球化学分析,结果显示,第一层位泥质硅质岩Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Ce/Ce~?、(La/Ce)_N、V/(Ni+V)、Ce/La、Ce_(anom)、Eu_(anom)平均值分别为0.60、0.80、1.24、0.72、1.84、-0.08、0.01,第二层位泥质硅质岩相应比值平均值分别为0.65、0.83、1.16、0.77、1.97、-0.07、0.02。结合泥质硅质岩的Fe_2O_3/TiO2-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、(La/Ce)N-Al_2O_3/(Al_2O_3+Fe_2O_3)、Hf/3-Th-Ta关系图解,表明第一、二层位泥质硅质岩形成于活动大陆边缘,沉积时水-岩界面为水体分层不强烈的厌氧环境。U-Th、Zn-Ni-Co、La-Ce、La/Yb-REE关系图解和稀土元素特征指示了第一、二层位泥质硅质岩为热水成因,热水活动与玄武岩岩浆活动有关,第二层位泥质硅质岩沉积时热水活动更强烈。去申拉组泥质硅质岩的岩石学、地球化学特征表明,狮泉河地区班-怒特提斯洋至少在早白垩世仍具有一定规模的洋盆,其闭合时间应晚于约109Ma,进一步限定了洋盆的闭合时间。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of