大型地下洞室不同开挖效应的动态仿真分析

针对云南锡业集团公司个旧锡矿地下采场洞室的开挖技术条件,采用非线性三维有限元法,对其动态开挖过程进行了仿真模拟分析,并优化选择了地下采场洞室的开挖顺序.结果表明,不同的开挖顺序,对围岩的稳定性具有显著的影响.     

地下洞室动态开挖的三维数值分析及优化研究

针对云南锡业集团公司个旧锡矿地下采场洞室的开挖技术条件,采用非线性三维有限元法,对其动态开挖过程进行了数值模拟分析,并优化选择了地下采场洞室的开挖顺序和开挖跨距,从而得到一些有益的结论。     

水库库岸滑坡体稳定性与三维可视化模拟分析系统研究

基于滑坡体稳定性极限平衡分析方法、滑坡三维数字建模技术和可视化动态仿真技术等理论方法和技术,采用VC++研制开发了水库库岸滑坡体稳定性与三维可视化模拟分析系统VisualSlope。该系统的实现过程分为系统分析、系统设计、系统开发与实施3个阶段。VisualSlope系统通过图形对象库和数据库读取几何参数数据,进而完成稳定性计算、结果可视化分析和失稳三维动态可视化模拟与演示分析,软件功能丰富,具有一定的通用性,实用性强,为水库库岸滑坡的稳定性分析与防治提供了技术支持平台。     

浅埋、偏压隧道开挖施工方案的仿真分析

运用有限元数值方法对浅埋、偏压隧道的开挖施工方案进行了数值仿真研究,对比研究了两种不同开挖条件下围岩和支护结构的受力与变形规律的差异,对施工过程中可能产生的变形效应对围岩稳定性的影响展开了深入探讨,给出了既符合隧道设计规范、又满足稳定性要求的施工方案;研究结果可以为浅埋、偏压条件下的隧道设计、施工提供有意义的参考     

爆炸荷载作用下中隔墩应力场的影响因素分析

针对影响中隔墩动应力分布的各种因素，包括中隔墩的宽度，力学参数，两侧岩体的爆破开挖顺序等，分别建立不同的有限元计算模型，利用ANSYS5．5．2有限元分析软件对中隔墩在爆炸荷载作用下的应力分布情况进行了计算,分析，还对沿中隔墩高程分布质点振速的放大效应进行了讨论，结果表明中隔墩的宽度，力学参数，两侧岩体的爆破开挖顺序对中隔墩的应力分布均有很大的影响，实际施工中应对这些因素进行严格控制，以确保中隔的安全与稳定。     

深基坑大变形耦合分析与数值模拟

深基坑开挖的时空效应既与深基坑工程支护设计、施工方案有关,又依赖于场地岩土介质的工程特性。依据Biot固结理论与有限变形的理论基础,采用经典的变分原理方法推导了基于大变形Lagrangian描述的U. L方法--Biot固结理论耦合系统方程及其有限元数值模拟方法。根据工程实例进行大小变形计算的比较以及深基坑开挖的时空效应分析,得出开挖时空效应显著、小变形计算的安全性不足的结论。     

Digital modeling studies for evaluation of hydrogeological characteristics in Shadnagar granite basin,Andhra Pradesh,India

The use of digital models has increased significantly in recent years with the accessibility of fast computing machines. A variable dimensioned digital model was constructed for the Shadnagar granite basin using SPECTRUM-7 micro computer to integrate various hydrogeological characteristics and for their quantitative evaluation. The basin has an areal extent of 437 sq km and is demarcated with clear water divides in all directions. Transmissivity, recharge and discharge at each cell of the basin area were estimated by trial and error simulation of the hydrogeological phenomenon under steady state condition. Dynamic simulation at representative nodes facilitated the estimation of storage coefficient. The capability of the constructed model was established by the conformance of the simulated hydrographs with the actual behaviour of the ground water system. The entire studies ammended the earlier arrived estimates of various input/output hydrogeological parameters and evolved a methodology for efficient processing of aquifer simulation data     

基于HBP本构模型的泥石流动力过程SPH数值模拟

本构模型是描述泥石流流变特性的关键,也是决定其动力过程数值模拟准确性的核心问题之一。泥石流流体属多相混合物,现有的研究已证实其存在剪切增稠或剪切变稀的现象,传统基于Bingham及Cross线性本构关系的数值模型难以准确描述泥石流流变特性。文中探讨了Bingham模型在低剪应变率下的数值发散问题,在光滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法框架上建立了整合Herschel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou(HBP）本构关系的稀性泥石流动力过程三维数值模型。相比传统基于浅水波假设的二维数值模型,所述方法从三维尺度建立SPH形式下的泥石流浆体纳维?斯托克斯方程并进行数值求解,可获取泥石流速度场时空分布及堆积形态,同时采用HBP本构关系描述泥石流流变特性,能在确保数值收敛的前提下反映泥石流流体在塑性屈服过渡段及大变形状态下应力?应变的非线性变化。为验证提出方法的合理性,结合小型模型槽实验观测进行了对比,结果表明数值模拟与实测结果基本吻合。     

浅埋风积砂质黄土隧道变形综合控制技术研究

在隧道施工前,应用数值模拟分析的方法,分析浅埋砂质黄土隧道施工力学效应和变形特征。根据浅埋砂质风积黄土隧道在施工过程中地表沉降量大和洞内施工安全风险大等特点,结合隧道实际监测数据,反演计算得到侵限段地质力学参数,为迈式管棚超前支护及径向迈式锚杆的全施工过程数值模拟提供计算依据,为控制隧道围岩变形提供数据支撑。计算结果显示,隧道侵限段地表最大沉降11.4 mm、最大拱顶下沉30.4 mm、最大水平收敛48.5 mm,隧道整体变形量减小,迈式管棚超前支护可以有效地提供纵向支撑,承受侵限土体压力、约束围岩变形和控制地表沉降,同时为支护侵限段钢拱架的安全拆换提供保障。研究结果表明:径向迈式锚杆、迈式管棚超前支护、环形支撑钢拱架和锁脚锚杆一起,构成了浅埋风积砂质黄土隧道主被动变形综合控制体系,有效地解决了浅埋风积砂质黄土隧道软弱围岩超前支护的难题。     

Scale matching of multiscale digital elevation model (DEM) data and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model: a case study of meteorological simulation in Hong Kong

It is becoming easier to combine geographical data and dynamic models to provide information for problem solving and geographical cognition. However, the scale dependencies of the data, model, and process can confuse the results. This study extends traditional scale research in static geographical patterns to dynamic processes and focuses on the combined scale effect of multiscale geographical data and dynamic models. The capacity for topographical expression under the combined scale effect was investigated by taking multiscale topographical data and meteorological processes in Hong Kong as a case study. A meteorological simulation of the combined scale effect was evaluated against data from Hong Kong Observatory stations. The experiments showed that (1) a digital elevation model (DEM) using 3 arc sec data with a 1 km resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model gives better topographical expression and meteorological reproduction in Hong Kong; (2) a fine-scale model is sensitive to the resolution of the DEM data, whereas a coarse-scale model is less sensitive to it; (3) better topographical expression alone does not improve weather process simulation; and (4) uncertainty arising from a scale mismatch between the DEM data and the dynamic model may account for 38 % of the variance in certain meteorological variables (e.g., temperature). This case study gives a clear explanation of the significance and implementation of scale matching for multiscale geographical data and dynamic models.