塔里木河流域中下游胡杨典型叶片光谱响应特征

光谱的研究是遥感模型构建的基础和前提。由于塔里木河两岸横向与纵向生态供水的差别,导致胡杨的生存环境有所差别。为了研究胡杨叶片是否对环境具有标识作用,选择中下游的5个实验点胡杨典型叶片作为研究对象,研究结果表明:①同一实验点不同树龄叶片在近红外和短波红外波段差异明显,而不同实验点不同树龄叶片光谱在波段1 270~1 290 nm和1 600 nm附近可以进行有效区分;而且随着距河道垂直向距离的增加"红边"呈"蓝移"趋势;②不同断面、不同实验点叶片在825 nm,1 270 nm和1 605 nm光谱差异较大,红边由中游到下游呈"蓝移"趋势;初变黄的叶片随着水分的流失光谱曲线在各波段有增大的趋势,当水分流失减速时,光谱曲线在400~1 000 nm之间时变化仍较明显。综上,胡杨叶片光谱具有可分性,对生存环境能够起到标识作用。     

腾格里沙漠典型植物含水率与地物光谱的关系分析

地物光谱特征不仅是遥感机理研究的重要内容,亦是遥感应用分析的重要依据。用ASD手持式光谱仪测定了腾格里沙漠10种典型植物的冠层光谱,对测得光谱数据进行包络线去除和一阶微分处理,并在实验室采用烘干法得到植物的含水率,运用相关系数法分析植物含水率与经包络线去除的光谱数据之间的关系,同时分析了不同含水率植物的红边特征。结果表明：研究区植物最大含水率为88.19%,最小含水率为37.34%;含水率与包络线去除的光谱数据在可见光（561~718 nm）和近红外（861 nm,894 nm）波段均存在极显著相关性,并建立了两者之间的回归模型,说明可见光近红外波段可以反映沙漠植物的水分状况;不同含水率植物的红边参数有所差异。     

不同胁迫条件下茄子叶片理化参数与光谱特征差异研究

以茄子为实验材料,采用盆栽培养的方式,研究干旱胁迫和铜胁迫对茄子叶片的理化参数和光谱红边参数的影响。结果表明:干旱与铜胁迫均会导致叶片叶面积和含水量减小,但干旱胁迫导致叶片叶绿素含量上升,铜胁迫导致叶绿素含量下降;两种胁迫均会导致整体光谱反射率、红边斜率下降,但干旱胁迫使红边位置发生红移9nm,铜胁迫使红边位置发生蓝移7nm。因此,叶绿素与光谱红边位置可以作为识别铜胁迫与干旱胁迫的关键参数。该研究对有效利用高光谱遥感进行精准农业管理与生态环境监测具有一定意义。     

矿区植被物化参数高光谱遥感估算研究

基于高光谱遥感数据Hyperion和植物冠层反射光谱,应用指数法、回归统计法和基于光谱位置变量的方法对矿区植被生物量和叶绿素浓度(SPAD)进行估算.结果表明:植被指数R752/R548与植物鲜重相关性最高,相关系数为0.88;选用植物像元光谱,基于植被指数R752/R548,利用三次函数法构建植物鲜重估算模型精度较高,多重判定系数R2达0.883;植被指数DVI[752,640]与植物干重相关性最高,相关系数为0.42;基于植被指数DVI[752,640],应用线性回归法构建植被干重估算模型精度较低,多重判定系数R2为0.177;基于四点内插法提取的红边位置与叶绿素浓度显著相关,相关系数为0.433;Datt(1)和Datt(2)植被指数与叶绿素浓度存在显著相关,相关系数分别为0.871和0.868;基于红边位置(REP)、Datt(1)和Datt(2)植被指数构建植物叶绿素浓度估算模型精度较高,多重判定系数R2分别为0.814、0.805和0.781.应用高光谱遥感技术可有效地检测矿区受损生态环境下的植被,为矿区植物生态修复工程提供本底资料.     

基于高光谱植被指数的叶片净光合速率Pn反演

植物净光合速率是衡量植被生产力、体现植物整体长势的重要指标。该文在分析植被光谱指数VI、光合有效辐射PAR与净光合速率Pn关系的基础上,建立了基于高光谱遥感数据的净光合速率反演模型。采集武汉市4种常见植被叶片共124个样本作为研究对象,在分析比较9种不同光谱指数与SPAD相关性的基础上选择3种相关性较高的植被指数对不同的植被类型进行净光合速率反演模型建立。结果表明:实验中CIrededge、NDVI705和RVI7003种植被指数与SPAD相关性较高,R2值均在0.7以上,最高达到0.88;在建立净光合速率反演模型时,若仅考虑叶片净光合速率(Pn)与植被指数的关系,其相关性较差;而将植被光谱指数、光合有效辐射(PAR)乘积后再与净光合速率(Pn)分析时,发现其相关性显著提高;以上3种植被指数中CIrededge*PAR vs.Pn反演效果最优,但农作物与园林植物净光合速率反演最优模型存在差异。因此,利用高光谱遥感技术可以了解和掌握植物叶片的光合效应,以此评价植物固碳释氧能力以及估测农作物产量是完全可行的。     

干旱地区植被影响沙地水分传输机理及其参数化

从植物生长与水分平衡的关系入手,在土壤水分动力学和近地面空气动力学等学科的研究基础上,依据植物生理生态学原理,探讨了干旱地区植被影响沙地水分传输的机理,初步建立了植被参数化模型和土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)水分传输综合模型。主要研究结果如下:①分析了荒漠植物的生长及其动态变化特征,对沙生植物地上部与根系生长,尤其是根系在土壤中的分布进行了量化。②分析了荒漠植物的蒸腾特性及其气孔调节作用机制,指出了土壤水分亏缺是叶片气孔关闭、蒸腾作用降低的主要原因,探讨了植物蒸腾作用与气孔调节之间的复杂关系及其今后的研究重点。③揭示了沙地植被蒸发蒸腾的变化规律;分析了影响沙地植被蒸发蒸腾的生物因素和环境因素的作用。④初步建立了植被参数化和SPAC水分传输综合模型,模拟了植被结构影响冠层能量平衡过程,探讨了植物状态参数、生理参数与蒸发蒸腾的相互关系。     

基于红边位置的台湾相思树叶片叶绿素含量估测模型研究

在BRDF测试系统环境下利用ASD便携式野外光谱仪采集台湾相思树叶片光谱,并用UV2450-分光光度计对观测叶片进行叶绿素含量测定．对光谱数据采用不同算法获得红边位置变量,并与叶绿素含量进行拟合,构建用于估测台湾相思树叶片叶绿素含量的模型．结果表明,各种算法获得的红边位置变量用于构建模型估测叶绿素含量是可行的,其中,采...     

基于PROSAIL模型的广州市过渡带森林植被冠层可燃物含水率估算

基于PROSAIL模型,结合野外实测叶片等水分厚度、干物质重量、叶面积指数数据,构建一种基于归一化红外指数和归一化干物质指数的植被冠层可燃物含水率估算方法。首先,在PROSAIL模型输入实测参数模拟植被冠层光谱曲线,计算归一化红外指数、归一化干物质指数用于叶片等水分厚度、干物质重量的反演。结果表明：归一化红外指数与叶片等水分厚度、归一化干物质指数与干物质重量存在明显的线性关系,基于该关系建立叶片等水分厚度、干物质重量的经验估算模型,经验证估算结果精度较高;将该经验模型推广至利用Landsat 8数据拟合植被冠层可燃物含水率,并与实测数据进行验证,结果显示R²达到0.743,RMSE达到34.2%,具有较高的精度。文章提出的植被冠层可燃物含水率估算模型,可实现广州市过渡带森林大面积、较高精度植被冠层可燃物含水率监测,为预防森林火灾提供参考。     

基于红边位置的台湾相思树叶片叶绿素含量估测模型研究

在BRDF测试系统环境下利用ASD便携式野外光谱仪采集台湾相思树叶片光谱,并用UV2450-分光光度计对观测叶片进行叶绿素含量测定．对光谱数据采用不同算法获得红边位置变量,并与叶绿素含量进行拟合,构建用于估测台湾相思树叶片叶绿素含量的模型．结果表明,各种算法获得的红边位置变量用于构建模型估测叶绿素含量是可行的,其中,采用5次多项武拟合算法精度最高．经平滑处理后的一阶导数法精度坎之．     

基于高光谱分析的草地叶绿素含量估算研究进展

叶绿素是草地进行光合作用最重要的色素,与氮素、蛋白质、水分等其他植被生化参数均有着密切关系,是草地光合能力及生理状况的良好指示剂。利用高光谱数据建模分析是实现大面积草地叶绿素含量估算的一种重要手段。本文将基于高光谱分析估算草地叶绿素含量的方法总结为：基于红边位置及光谱指数的经验模型和辐射传输模型两类。经验模型通过建立叶绿素含量与红边位置、光谱指数之间统计关系来估算叶绿素含量,参数简单,实用性较强;但光谱指数构造形式多样且与草地叶绿素含量关系复杂,在一定程度上影响了叶绿素的估算精度。辐射传输模型以叶绿素含量与辐射能量的作用过程作为其理论基础,模型中参数较多且对估算尺度敏感,有待于进一步完善。目前草地叶绿素估算的研究相对薄弱,专门用于估算的模型较少。未来的工作一方面应致力于发展和改进适宜于草地的光谱指数,同时确定合适的辐射传输模型参数以改进模型对草地的监测效果;另一方面,如何由叶片尺度拓展到冠层尺度进而拓展到像元尺度,从而更好地实现大面积草地叶绿素含量估算,是一项既具有重要意义又有挑战性的工作。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .