安徽及周边地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度研究

基于EIGEN-6C4重力异常和ETOPO1地形数据,采用基于fan小波的相关性分析方法计算安徽及周边地区较高分辨率的各向同性岩石圈有效弹性厚度Te（effective elastic thickness）,结合区域地质构造和地球动力学背景进行讨论。结果表明,研究区Te处于5~75 km之间,大别造山带和下扬子地区为Te低值区,郯庐断裂两侧Te值相对较低,河淮盆地和苏北盆地Te值较高,Te分布反映了区域特定地质构造特征和地球动力学背景;地震活动主要分布在10~50 km Te值范围内,集中在Te低值区和Te值陡变带,表明相关区域岩石圈抵抗形变能力较弱,易于发生地震。     

用相关技术计算大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度

介绍了大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)的概念和计算Te常用的相关技术的计算公式。通过对黑水-泉州地学断面Te的计算,论述了用相关技术计算Te的方法及计算流程。     

华北地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度及其地球动力学意义北大核心CSCD

以EIGEN-6C4模型布格重力异常数据、V19.1地形数据和CRUST1.0模型地壳数据为基础,采用导纳法和相关函数法联合反演,计算华北地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度(T_(e))。结果表明,华北地区T_(e)值的分布存在明显的横向不均匀性,西部鄂尔多斯地块为高值区,T_(e)厚度约为30~60 km;中部华北平原为低值区,T_(e)厚度约为5~25 km;鲁东黄海地块为中、高值区,T_(e)厚度约为20~50 km。华北克拉通高T_(e)值区与稳定的鄂尔多斯地块相对应,中、低T_(e)值区则对应构造相对活跃的太行山构造带和郯庐断裂带。从T_(e)值与地表热流的关系来看,高T_(e)值区一般对应低热流值区,而低T_(e)值区一般热流值也较高,这与岩石圈厚度和地表热流的一般分布规律一致。从T_(e)与地震的空间分布来看,华北地区的地震活动主要集中在中、低T_(e)值区,表明T_(e)较低的地区稳定性较差,可能更有利于地震的孕育和发生。     

中国东北地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度及构造涵义研究

基于WGM2012布格重力异常数据,获取中国东北地区岩石圈有效弹性厚度T_e分布。采用小波多尺度分解方法,反演区域不同深度地质体横向差异。结合地震重点监视地区(依舒断裂带北段地区、扎兰屯地区、长白山地区)地震活动特征,分析岩石圈深部构造与地震活动之间的关系。结果表明,依舒断裂带北段地区T_e约为15.5 km,岩石抗变形能力较弱,浅部密度横向差异较明显,震源深度较浅;扎兰屯地区T_e约为24.5 km,岩石抗变形能力较强,深部密度横向差异较大,震源深度较深;长白山地区T_e约为11.5 km,受西太平洋板块俯冲作用下的热地幔动力作用,地震活动相对较活跃。     

大陆岩石圈强度研究

岩石圈强度或有效弹性厚度(Te)控制着岩石圈对长期负载的响应及其演化过程和空间构型,包含丰富的地球动力学信息,对解译地壳、岩石圈乃至地幔介质的力学性质和动力学过程及机理具有重要的科学意义。本文拟回顾从均衡概念的提出至今关于岩石圈强度研究的发展历程,重点从历史角度梳理岩石圈强度研究的沿革脉络、各种方法发展的逻辑关联,并对岩石圈强度与壳幔耦合、岩石圈有效弹性厚度与地震孕震层厚度的关系以及岩石圈有效弹性厚度各向异性等问题进行初步探讨。     

利用卫星重力资料反演地壳及岩石圈厚度

地球外部重力场由地球内部物质分布所决定,由于地壳与地幔、岩石圈与软流圈存在着较大的物性差异,利用重力资料可以确定莫霍面和岩石圈底面深度。基于上述结论,利用ＯＳＵ９１全球重力位模型数据进行了反演,计算结果表明,地壳和岩石圈厚度与地形相关,大陆地壳、岩石圈较厚,海洋则相反。     

大陆弹性岩石层有效弹性厚度对岩石层形变和大地水准面的动力影响

用岩石层—地幔力学、热学耦合模型,以俯冲带为例,研究大陆岩石层不同的有效弹性厚度对岩石层形变和大地水准面起伏的动力影响。数值结果显示大陆岩石层有效弹性厚度的作用象一低通滤波器,它抑制岩石层形变和大地水准面起伏的高频分量。随着有效弹性厚度的增加,岩石层的形变和大地水准面起伏不仅幅度减小,其形状变化也被平滑。模拟结果表明,在进行大陆岩石层动力学过程的研究中,只有充分考虑大陆弹性岩石层有效弹性厚度的动力影响,才能更客观地描述研究客体。     

地热学岩石圈厚度计算方法综述

地热学岩石圈厚度体现了长时间尺度上的岩石圈热学作用,可以反映地球深部动力学过程。介绍了地热学岩石圈厚度的计算方法,探讨了这种方法的参数选取和影响因素,并对比了地热学岩石圈厚度与其他类型岩石圈厚度的差异及其原因。结果表明:地热学岩石圈厚度的计算结果受地壳分层结构、岩石生热率、岩石热导率以及地表热流的影响;地质历史时期内的地壳分层结构要结合岩石学、岩石地球化学等领域最新研究成果得出;地表热流较低(42mW·m-2)时,岩石圈地幔生热率对计算结果的影响非常显著,岩石圈地幔生热率变化0.02μW·m-3,地热学岩石圈厚度计算结果最高变化40km,岩石圈地幔热导率每变化0.2W·(m·K)-1,地热学岩石圈厚度变化15km;地表热流为60mW·m-2时,岩石圈地幔生热率每变化0.02μW·m-3,地热学岩石圈厚度变化3km,岩石圈地幔热导率每变化0.2W·(m·K)-1,地热学岩石圈厚度变化5km;地表热流增高1mW·m-2,地热学岩石圈厚度约增加3km;地热学岩石圈厚度与岩石学、地震学岩石圈厚度略有差异,其差异取决于流变边界层的厚度。     

基于星载激光测高估计南极冰盖高程变化

利用NSIDC公布的ICESat运行期间的19个任务期的观测数据, 采用重复轨迹分析方法估计近年来南极冰盖高程的时空变化。结果表明,南极大陆冰盖整体上呈现消融趋势,基于不同的GIA模型和ICESat激光测高数据的南极大陆冰盖高程变化的趋势约为 -1.17~-1 cm/a。     

考虑低渗透储层厚度非均质性的有效驱动半径计算及分析

低渗透储层驱动半径的计算方法一般基于储层等厚情况,忽视储层厚度变化对储层驱动效果的影响.根据源汇势能原理,考虑低渗透储层启动压力梯度,推导储层厚度非线性变化的有效驱动半径计算公式.计算结果表明:在平均厚度相同且厚注薄采条件下,储层厚度非线性变化时的驱动半径小于厚度线性变化时的驱动半径、大于等厚时的驱动半径,驱动效果明显...     

论我国南海资源的特点及开发利用对策

南海我国可管辖的海域面积近 2 0 0万km2 ,具有丰富的生物、油气、矿产等资源 ,是我国经济与社会可持续发展的强大支持和保障因素 ,具有海域面积大、资源丰富、区位优势明显、未来开发潜力大等特点。应从强化“寸海寸金”的海洋国土意识出发 ,通过创新管理体制和运行机制 ,建立强有力的海上统一执法队伍 ,按照统一规划、相对集中、由远及近的原则实施重点区域开发战略 ,全面提升南海国土资源开发利用的水平和效益     

STUDY OF WATER—TRANSPORT THROUGH SOME MAIN STRAITS IN THE EAST CHINA SEA AND SOUTH CHINA SEA

OCCAM global ocean model results were applied to calculate the monthly water transport through 7 straits around the East China Sea(ECS)and the South china Sea(SCS).Analysis of the features of velocity profiles and their variations in the Togara Strait,Luzon Strait and Eastern Taiwan Strait showed that;1)the velocity profiles had striped pattern in the Eastern Taiwan Strait,where monthly flux varied from 22.4 to 28.1 Sv and annual mean was about 25.8 Sv;2)the profiles of velocity in the Togara Strait were characterized by core structure,and monthly flux varied from 23.3 to 31.4 Sv,with annual mean of about 27.9 Sv;3)water flowed from the SCS to the ECS in the Taiwan Strait,with maximum flux of 3.1 Sv in July and minimum of 0.9 Sv in November;4)the flux in the Tsushima Strait varied by only about 0.4 Sv by season and its annual mean was about 2.3 Sv;5)Kuroshio water flowed into the SCS in the Luzon Strait throughout the year and the velocity profiles were characterized by multi-core structure.The flux in the Luzon Strait was minimun in June(about 2.4 Sv)and maximum in February(about 9.0 Sv),and its annual mean was 4.8 Sv;6)the monthly flux in the Mindoro Strait was maximum in December(3.0 Sv)and minimum in June(Only 0.1 Sv),and its annual mean was 1.3 Sv;7)Karimata Strait water flowed into the SCS from May to August,with maximum in-flow flux of about 0.75 Sv in June and flowed out from September to April at maximum outflow flux of 3.9 Sv in January.The annual mean flux was about 1.35 Sv.     

Dimethylsulfide in the South China Sea

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SEAWATER FLUX OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

The South China Sea water can be divided according to depth into three boxes by the pycnoclineand a sill.Using a box model with matter balance,the net seawater fluxes were calculated to be317.9×10~4 m~3/s in box Ⅰ for the upper homogeneous layer outflowing to the adjoining oceans;67×10~4 m~3/s in box Ⅲ for the water entering the basin;240×10~4 m~3/s in box Ⅱ for water entering theSouth China Sea.The upward speed of basin water was calculated to be 8.4×10~(-5) cm/s and that ofseawater flowing up along the pycnocline was calculated to be 8.9×10~(-5) cm/s.     

THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA ISLANDS IN ANCIENT CHINA

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Water masses in the South China Sea and water exchange between the Pacific and the South China Sea

Water masses in the South China Sea (SCS) were identified and analyzed with the data collected in the summer and winter of 1998. The distributions of temperature and salinity near the Bashi Channel (the Luzon Strait) were analyzed by using the data obtained in July and December of 1997. Based on the results from the data collected in the winter of 1998, waters in the open sea areas of the SCS were divided into six water masses: the Surface Water Mass of the SCS (S), the Subsurface Water Mass of the SCS (U), the Subsurface-Intermediate Water Mass of the SCS (UI), the Intermediate Water Mass of the SCS (I), the Deep Water Mass of the SCS (D) and the Bottom Water Mass of the SCS(B). For the summer of 1998, the Kuroshio Surface Water Mass (KS) and the Kuroshio Subsurface Water Mass (KU) were also identified in the SCS. But no Kuroshio water was found to pass the 119.5°E meridian and enter the SCS in the time of winter observations. The Sulu Sea Water (SSW) intruded into the SCS through the Mindoro Channel between 50–75 m in the summer of 1998. However, the data obtained in the summer and winter of 1997 indicated that water from the Pacific had entered the SCS through the northern part of the Luzon Strait in these seasons, but water from the SCS had entered the Pacific through the southern part of the Strait. These phenomena might correlate with the 1998 El-Niño event.     

The regional air-sea coupled oscillation in the South China Sea

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GEOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE CORE S01 IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, Na, P and Sr, Ba, Rb, Ga, V, Zr, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb,Nb, Y, Th, La in the core S01 were analyzed and the pattems of their enrichment are discussed.Enrichment of Na, Fe, Mn, Ba, Cu elements in the core indicates volcanic material are an importantsoarce of the sediments in the area. The enrichment frequently varying with the deposition processshows bottom volcanism is frequent in the area and that the studied area is a margin basin with distinctoceanic characteristics. The abnormal enrichment of Mn at the layers(0-15 cm and 665-670 cm) of the core could beclosely related to and so, indicate, the wide deposition hiatus that have occurred in the West PacificOcean and adjacent margin seas since Late Pleistocene.