新型压电摩擦阻尼器力学性能及应用分析

为了使结构在地震过程中能有效地抗震耗能,提出了一种新型的半主动压电摩擦阻尼器。对压电陶瓷的电压-位移关系进行了理论和试验分析。详细介绍了新设计的压电摩擦阻尼器的构造和工作原理。测试和分析了压电摩擦阻尼器在不同预压力和不同工作压电陶瓷数量下的出力性能和阻尼器的摩擦系数。论述了适用于该阻尼器的模糊控制理论并建立了模糊控策略。最后基于所设计的压电摩擦阻尼器和所形成的模糊控制策略,利用MATLAB软件对一个拟进行振动台试验的输变电塔模型进行了模拟,得到了输变电塔模型在无阻尼器和有阻尼器两种情况下的顶层位移和加速度时程曲线,并对其进行了对比分析。结果表明,所研发的新型压电摩擦阻尼器具有良好的出力性能,使结构能有效地抗御地震灾害。     

新型压电变摩擦阻尼器的研发与性能试验

本文采用商用标准件叠层压电驱动器和圆形摩擦盘,研发了能提供水平任一方向可调摩擦阻尼力的新型压电变摩擦阻尼器,能与圆形隔震垫协同工作复合而成智能隔震系统.文中首先提出了新型压电阻尼器的基本结构,制作了试验室比例的模型;其次针对压电驱动器变形在微米数量级的特点和约束钢架的刚度特性,提出了基于有限元分析的形状系数和可调正压力计算方法.并用约束钢架变形试验验证了有限元分析的正确性;最后通过阻尼器性能试验提出了连续型的阻尼力计算模型,一种适合于实际工程应用的摩擦阻尼力模型.提出的新型压电摩擦阻尼器构造简单,阻尼力调节方便,响应速度快,特别是便于进一步增大阻尼力调节倍数,能够较大地推动压电阻尼器实用化进程.     

压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器及其性能试验与分析

本文结合压电驱动器和T型摩擦阻尼器的特点，提出了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，并建立了阻尼器输入电压主动调节或按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力模型。其次，设计制作了最大阻尼力450N、阻尼力可调倍数2.5～3倍的小比例模型压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器，进行了可调阻尼力性能试验，得到了输入电压主动调节和分别按位移和速度相关调节的阻尼力滞回曲线，试验结果与阻尼力模型分析结果吻合较好。此外，探讨了压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器的规格化设计，分别设计了最大阻尼力20kN和200kN、阻尼力可调倍数2的压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器参数。压电-T型变摩擦阻尼器构造简单、阻尼力调节方便、响应迅速，是一种性能优燎能阻尼器.     

锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器性能分析与试验研究

本文对一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器——锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的性能进行了数值分析和试验研究。基于形状记忆合金的超弹性双线型本构模型,利用非线性有限元方法分析了锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的滞回性能,并且用大型能用程序ANSYS进行了验证,得出锥形形状记忆合金阻尼器的滞回模型可简化为分段线性滞回模型,试验包括形状记忆合金丝的本构试验、疲劳试验阳阻尼器的性能试验．试验结果与数值分析结果基本吻合,形状记忆合金表现出良好的超弹性。     

新型金属-摩擦阻尼器试验研究及数值分析

传统的屈曲约束支撑通常被设计为在大震作用中消耗能量,小震作用下为该结构提供了抗侧刚度。为了克服这一缺点,结合屈曲约束支撑和长圆孔摩擦阻尼器的工作原理,提出了一种基于屈曲约束支撑和长圆孔摩擦阻尼器串联的新型阻尼器,对该阻尼器进行了低周反复荷载试验,分析了其滞回性能、刚度退化等。试验结果表明：新型金属-摩擦阻尼器滞回曲线饱满,通过设置不同的螺栓预紧力可以使阻尼器达到分阶段能耗的目标。利用ABAQUS数值仿真软件对新型金属-摩擦阻尼器进行了数值分析准确性验证。并通过改变模拟试件屈服比例值,了解屈服比例变化对新型金属-摩擦阻尼器抗震性能的影响。结果表明：数值模拟滞回曲线与试验曲线基本一致;屈服比例的增加对阻尼器刚度退化、滑动承载力有明显影响。     

压电材料智能摩擦阻尼器对高耸钢塔结构风振反应的半主 …

压电材料是一种新型智能材料。本文将压电材料和被动摩擦阻尼器相结合设计出一种新型智能摩擦阻尼器,并采用基于经典最优控制理论的半主动控制策略对高耸钢塔结构风振反应的控制进行了研究,对国内即将兴建的第一高钢电视塔－－合肥悲翠电视塔进行了算例分析。为满足摩擦阻尼器对高耸钢塔结构风振控制的特殊需要,文中还建立了高耸钢塔结构的空间桁架有限元模型和串联多自由度体系模型,并在形成广义控制力作用位置矩阵和计算摩擦阻     

压电材料智能摩擦阻尼器对高耸钢塔结构风振反应的半主动控制

压电材料是一种新型智能材料。本文将压电材料和被动摩擦阻尼器相结合设计出一种新型智能摩擦阻尼器,并采用基于经典最优控制理论的半主动控制策略对高耸钢塔结构风振反应的控制进行了研究,对国内即将兴建的第一高钢电视塔──合肥翡翠电视塔进行了算例分析。为满足摩擦阻尼器对高耸钢塔结构风振控制的特殊需要、文中还建立了房耸钢塔结构的空间桁架有限元模型和串联多自由度体系模型,并在形成广义控制力作用位置矩阵和计算摩擦阻尼器两端的相对位移的过程中综合地运用了这两种力学模型。本文研究表明,压电材料智能摩擦阻尼器可以有效地抑制高耸钢塔结构的风振反应。     

基于压电摩擦阻尼器的输电塔模型结构控振分析与试验研究

研究了新型压电摩擦阻尼器对输电塔结构模型在地震作用下的振动控制问题。提出了一种新式的拉索-压电摩擦阻尼器减振系统,对安装有拉索-压电摩擦阻尼器减振系统的输电塔结构模型进行了振动台试验,试验中采用最优Bang-Bang半主动控制策略对阻尼器出力进行实时调节。对试验进行数值模拟分析,并将分析结果与试验结果进行对比,同时对结构的耗能进行了时程分析。结果表明:拉索-压电摩擦阻尼器减振系统能有效减小输电塔结构模型在地震过程中的响应;模拟与试验结果相吻合,说明了模拟结果的可靠性良好。     

新型软钢阻尼墙的试验研究及性能分析

本文提出的新型软钢阻尼墙是一种设计新颖、耗能能力很强的剪切型金属阻尼器。给出了该新型软钢阻尼墙试件的构造形式。基于提出的加载方案对试件分别进行了基本性能试验和疲劳性能试验,分析了试件的滞回性能与疲劳性能等。试验结果表明该新型软钢阻尼墙具有稳定、良好的滞回性能和疲劳性能。采用ABAQUS软件对其建立了精细化有限元模型,并对其进行了有限元分析。数值仿真结果与试验结果很接近。这种新型软钢阻尼墙耗能性能优越,构造简单,且施工方便,有广阔的工程应用前景。     

新型舌板黏滞阻尼器力学性能试验研究

本文提出了一种新型舌板黏滞阻尼器,通过对该黏滞阻尼器进行低周循环加载试验和抗低周疲劳性能试验,研究并验证了该阻尼器的耗能性能、抗低周疲劳性能及恢复力模型。研究结果表明:选取合适参数的舌板式黏滞阻尼器滞回曲线饱满,耗能性能与抗低周疲劳性能良好。Maxwell模型能够较好地描述该阻尼器力学行为,反映阻尼器在各种试验工况下的出力情况。该阻尼器设计与加工简单,对工程结构的耗能减震有着实际意义。     

A Semi‐active piezoelectric friction damper

This research investigates the development of a semi‐active piezoelectric friction damper for controlling the seismic response of large‐scale structures. The proposed device is made of Duplex steel and leads to high friction capacity, which can be developed either in passive or semi‐active modes. For the later, piezoelectric actuators react against a stiff clamping system and apply a variable normal force on the multiple contact surfaces. To validate the design, a prototype, which contact surfaces were made of stainless steel and brake pad material, was built and tested in both friction modes. Moreover, an analytical model of the damper was developed to estimate the performance of the piezoelectric actuators within the clamping system. Experimental results showed that the proposed device achieves a force range factor of 1.9. These experimental results also compare well with those obtained from the analytical model of the damper. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

智能型压电-摩擦耗能器

本文利用压电陶瓷驱动器的电致形变特征和摩擦耗能器的紧固力决定摩擦力大小的特性,提出了智能型压电－摩擦复合耗能器。文中首先提出了叠层压电陶瓷驱动器与Ｐａｌｌ摩擦耗能器复合的基本结构;其次,提出了压电－摩擦耗能器可调紧固力的计算方法,分析了耗能器形状参数的影响;最后,具体设计了可调摩擦耗能型和拟粘滞型两种压电－摩擦耗能器。     

Application of an SMA-based hybrid control device to 20-story nonlinear benchmark building

This paper investigates the seismic response control of a 20-story nonlinear benchmark building with a new recentering variable friction device (RVFD). The RVFD combines energy dissipation capabilities of a variable friction damper (VFD) with the recentering ability of shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. The VFD that is the first subcomponent of the hybrid device consists of a friction generation unit and piezoelectric actuators. The clamping force of the VFD can be adjusted according to the current level of ground motion by adjusting the voltage level of piezoelectric actuators. SMA wires that exhibit a unique hysteretic behavior and full shape recovery after experiencing large strains is the second subcomponent of the hybrid device. Numerical simulations of a seismically excited 20-story benchmark building are conducted to evaluate the performance of the hybrid device. A continuous hysteretic model is used to capture frictional behavior of the VFD and a neuro-fuzzy model is employed to describe highly nonlinear behavior of the SMA components of the hybrid device. A fuzzy logic controller is developed to adjust the voltage level of VFDs for favorable performance in an RVFD hybrid application. Results show that the RVFD modulated with a fuzzy logic control strategy can effectively reduce interstory drifts and permanent deformations without increasing acceleration response of the benchmark building for most cases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic loading tests and seismic response analysis of a stud-type damper composed of multiple friction units with disc springs

This paper presents an experimental study on the performance of a shear-sliding stud-type damper composed of multiple friction units with high-tension bolts and disc springs. A numerical evaluation of the response reduction effects achieved by the stud-type damper is also presented. In dynamic loading tests, the behavior of stud-type multiunit friction damper specimens was investigated. Three different full-scale damper specimens, which were composed of five, six, or seven friction units with two or four sliding surfaces, were incorporated into loading devices for testing. The stud-type friction dampers demonstrated stable rigid-plastic hysteresis loops without any remarkable decrease in the sliding force even when subjected to repetitive loading, in addition to showing no unstable behavior such as lateral buckling. The damper produced a total sliding force approximately proportional to the number of sliding surfaces and friction units. The total sliding force of the stud-type damper can thus be estimated by summing the contributions of each friction unit. In an earthquake response simulation, the control effects achieved by stud-type dampers incorporated into an analytical high-rise building model under various input waves, including long-period, long-duration and pulse-like ground motions, were evaluated. A satisfactory response reduction was obtained by installing the developed stud-type dampers into the main frame without negatively impacting usability and convenience in terms of building planning.     

MODULATED HOMOGENEOUS FRICTION: A SEMI-ACTIVE DAMPING STRATEGY

A control strategy for semi-active friction devices leading to efficient hysteretic dissipaters is proposed. The control algorithm makes the contact force between the sliding surfaces of the damper proportional to the absolute value of the prior local peak of the damper deformation. This control logic leads to a non-linear force–deformation relation that satisfies homogeneity of degree one; this means that, like in a linear viscoelastic damping model, when the deformation is scaled by a constant, the force results are scaled by the same constant. The closed-loop system shows rectangular hysteresis loops which enclose an area proportional to the square of the deformation of the damper. Some characteristics of the dynamic response of structures incorporating this type of semi-active damper are investigated. It is demonstrated that in the case of single-degree-of-freedom models, the period of vibration and decay ratio are independent of the amplitude of vibration. In the case of multi-degree-of-freedom models with this type of nonlinearity, the free-vibration response can exhibit natural modes of vibration. A linearization method is proposed and modelling tools for the delay associated with actuator dynamics and for the flexibility of the brace connecting the damper to the structure are presented. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不同构造参数对圆环耗能器性能的影响分析

设计了13组不同构造参数的圆环耗能器,采用ABAQUS软件对安装在支撑框架结构中的圆环耗能器进行参数分析,研究圆环钢板厚度、圆环外直径、支撑角度、圆环钢板局部削弱形式和削弱深度对圆环耗能器性能的影响。研究结果表明：圆环耗能器滞回曲线稳定、饱满,塑性耗能能力强;随着圆环钢板厚度的增加或者圆环外直径的减小,圆环耗能器初始刚度和屈服力增大;支撑与横梁之间的角度对圆环耗能器性能有一定影响,交叉支撑角度宜取45°左右;圆环钢板局部削弱圆环耗能器比不削弱圆环耗能器具有更好的耗能效果;圆环钢板局部削弱形式宜采用圆弧式,且钢板削弱深度宜控制在圆环钢板宽度的20%~30%。     

SMA-压电半主动混合阻尼器减震控制分析

将形状记忆合金（Shape memory alloy,简称"SMA"）与压电摩擦阻尼器复合设计了一种半主动混合阻尼器,对SMA丝进行了材性试验,分析了循环圈数、加载速率和应变幅值对SMA丝力学性能的影响。基于试验数据,以速度方向和应变值作为神经元输入,建立了SMA的BP神经网络本构模型,并利用T-S模糊逻辑求解压电陶瓷驱动器输出电压,对1个2层的钢框架结构进行了无控、SMA被动控制和混合控制MATLAB仿真分析。结果表明:SMA的BP网络模型预测的应力误差大多集中在20 MPa以内,且误差较大点主要集中在加载的初始段和卸载的结束段等数值较小的点,BP神经网络能够较好地预测SMA丝的本构曲线。相比SMA被动控制,混合阻尼器可以更加有效地降低结构的动力反应。     

新型自复位变摩擦阻尼器试验研究

目前阻尼器运用广泛,但传统摩擦阻尼器无法适应不同的振动强度,且在地震作用后损坏严重,没有自复位功能。文章利用形状记忆合金的超弹性,提出一种新型的自复位变摩擦阻尼器,介绍了阻尼器的构造、基本工作原理并推导了其力学模型,之后对阻尼器进行了力学试验。得到如下结论：该阻尼器不仅能在不同等级地震作用下满足耗能要求,还具有良好的自复位能力;力学试验得到的滞回曲线与理论推导的力学模型吻合较好,印证了力学模型的正确性;该阻尼器耗能能力随着合金丝直径、螺栓预紧力和坡面坡度的增大而增强;残余位移随着合金丝直径和坡面坡度增大而减小、随着预紧力增大而增大。