THRUST TECTONICS AND RELATED CROSS-SECTION BALANCING IN THE SOUTHWESTERN FUJIAN FORELAND FOLD AND THRUST BELT

l-Intr0ductionThesouthwestemregionofFujianprovinceinChinawasregardedastheforelandfoldandthrustbeltbelongingtotheTnassicS0uthChinaOrogenicZone(Lijiliang,l992).Thethrustandnappetectonics,whichdevelopedwidelyinthisregion,havebeenstudiedforoveradecadebymanyChinesegeologists(suchas,HouQuanling,LiPeijun&LiJiliang,1995,HouQuanling,&LiJiliang,l993,GuanYuxiang&YangTianshui,l994,GuanYuxiangetc.l989,TaoJianhua,l987,etc.).Basedontheachievementsmadebythosegeologyworkersandourownresearches,thetyP…     

招远大尹格庄金矿床微量元素特征及其意义

该文以山东招远大尹格庄金矿床中微量元素为研究对象,通过对矿床围岩、矿石等微量元素的研究,表明大尹格庄金矿围岩中微量元素以富含 Bi,Au,Pb,W,Ag,Sn 为特点,矿体和矿化体中元素组合为 Au,Ag,As,Sb,Hg,B, Cu,Zn,Bi,Mo,Mn,Co,Ni,W。在5个成矿阶段中,第二阶段与第三阶段微量元素的富集程度较明显,表现为 Au, Ag,As,Co,Bi,Cu,Pb,Zn 等的富集,成矿元素可分为2个分带序列,主成矿元素为 Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Bi 组合、头晕元素 As Sb Hg 组合和尾晕元素 Co Ni 组合。     

平阴县浅层地下水地球化学环境质量评价

平阴县浅层地下水调查采样密度为1点/16km2,分析测试27项指标的含量变化规律后,认为调查区浅层地下水中除K,Mn,NO-2等指标含量变化较大,局部富集外,其他指标含量变化小,在浅层地下水中分布较均匀.选择As,Ba,Be,Cd,Co,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se,Zn,F-,Cl-,Cr6+,NO-2,COD,pH等20项指标,按<地下水质量标准>对浅层地下水环境质量进行的单因子和综合评价,结果显示较好级以上者达88.4%,而较差级仅占11.6%,无极差级分布,调查区内浅层地下水环境质量状况良好.     

Chemistry of Aerosols over Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea

The contents of elements in aerosols sampled during the First Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-1) show great differences from one element to another. Na, K,Ca, Mg, A1, F, and Cl are the major components in the aerosols, whose contents are larger than 30 ng/m^3. The chemical elements whose contents vary between 0.1 - 30 ng/m^3 are Br,Sr, Cr, Ni, and Zn. The chemical elements whose contents are close to or slightly higher than 0.1 ng/m^3 are Rb, Ba, Zr, Th, and Pb. The contents of As, Sb, W, Mo, Au, La, Ce, Nd,Sin, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Sc, Co, Hf, Ta, and Cd are less than 0.1 ng/m^3. The mass concentration data for the same element, as observed during CHINARE-1, are almost accordant, but much lower than what is observed in the China‘ s seas or the coasts of China. The enrichment factor and electron microscopic analyses and lead isotope tracing were used to distinguish their sources.Four groups of sources can be classified as follows: anthropogenic: As, Sb, W, F, Mo, Au,Cu, Pb, Cd, V; crustal: La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Fe, Sc, Cr, Co, Ba, Zr, Hf,Ta, Cs, Mn, Th, U; oceanic:Na, K, Ca, and Mg; and mixing: Rb, Sr, Ca, and Mg.     

Distribution of Selected Critical Elements in the Carboniferous Coal-bearing Series of the Upper Silesian and Lublin Coal Basins (Poland)

The distribution of selected critical elements in the sedimentary rocks of the Carboniferous coal-bearing series within the Polish Coal Basins is presented.Critical elements such as Be,Mg,Si,P,Sc,V,Co,Y,Nb,In,Sb,La,Ce,Hf,Ta,W,Bi were analysed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP/MS).Concentrations of elements such as Sb,Bi,In and,to a slightly lesser extent,Nb,as well as Sc,show average concentrations higher than those from the upper continental crust.The average concentrations of elements like Hf,Mg,P,Y,La,and Ce are slightly lower than in the upper continental crust.Other elements,such as Be,Co,Si,Ta,W and V have average concentrations that are similar,but slightly enriched or slightly depleted,relative to the upper continental crust.The research showed enrichment of some critical elements in the analysed samples,but not high enough that extraction would be economically viable.Statistical methods,which include correlation coefficients between elements and cluster analysis,reveal a strong positive correlation between elements like Be,Bi,Nb,Sc,Ta,W and V.Very high,almost total,positive correlation is also noted between La and Ce.     

LIST OF NEW MEMBERS

A.凡now吕舍具Brooke,N.P.束四牌楼瞪士胡同福公司搏Chow,K.C.周阴基,子建,湖北大冶孩瘫探鞍股Drake,F.5.,Shantung ohristian University,T,inan,Shantuug.Edmond,Jilla西直四外尸,颐裤煤蛾公司Garretson,Mary Welleek,Colu一n飞,ia University,New York City,U.5.A.Hsu,Y.M.徐渊摩,厚甫,北京女子大率徐竟甫收搏Kao,L.高鲁,曙青,北京中央觑象台King,sohtsu G.金招基,叔初,北京嘎嘎胡同Kil:g,Kunpei c.金城,常伯,北京束城技搔胡同Kobayashi,B.小林胖生,热河阜新森大典煤绩公司K,ung,K.H.孔夏锹,章虎,北京都城煌厢街Liu,0.F…     

浙北地区土壤元素有效量及其影响因素研究

浙江省北部地区调查研究表明,受成土母质来源、土壤类型及其理化性质等因素的影响,土壤元素全量、有效量及其有效度表现为:1)低山丘陵岗地土壤中As,Cd,Mo,Pb和Se全量较高,As,Cd,Fe,Pb,Se和Zn有效量较高;而山前平原区土壤中Hg,Pb和Zn元素全量较高,由地表向深部的下降递度较小,显示为原始沉积成因特点。2)中酸性、富含有机质的红壤和水稻土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效度较高,水稻土Hg有效度最低;弱碱性或碱性、贫有机质的潮土和滨海盐砂土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效量较低,但B有效量及有效度均较高。3)统计分析表明,土壤中Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,Cd,Pb,Se等元素全量与有效量间具显著正相关性,表明全量是有效量的重要影响控制因素;有机质含量与Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As和Pb有效度间为显著正相关,说明有机质较高有利于土壤元素活化;Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As,Pb和Se有效度与pH值为显著负相关,表明土壤酸性增强(酸化)会增加这类元素的生物有效性。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000193

Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS (Forum of European Geological Surveys) geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China’s IGGE (Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration) laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the 160 km 160 km GNT (Global Terrestrial Network) cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, Cl, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE’s 76 element analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation techniques have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results. The results of two datasets, the IGGE’s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well for about 23 elements, viz: SiO2, Sr, Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni, K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sm, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb, In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits. Sensitivities of FOREGS analytical methods for W, Bi, Sn, Te, Be, and I are insufficient to produce reportable values in at least 80% of the samples. Although the detection limits of Ag for both FOREGS and IGGE are sufficient to provide reportable values, a large bias was found between the two datasets. This study demonstrates that consistent analytical data for certain elements of global geochemical mapping samples can be achieved by different qualified laboratories, such as China’s IGGE laboratory and some European laboratories. For some elements, such as Ag, further research on the selection of the proper analytical methods and on the development of quality control methods should be undertakendwith final recommendations adhered to by all participants of the global geochemical mapping program.     

悼念南延宗夫君

南延宗字怀楚,浙江乐清人也,少聪颖,读书过目不忘,早失怙恃,长兄一人,体弱多病,家贫甚,求学艰难,小学毕业后,由中学而大学,半工半读,家庭不负担学杂费用,且资助其兄,大学卒业後,我俩在温州结婚,迫於环境,各自奔走服务,历年来对地质颇有心得,发表论文,蜚声科学界,抗战时期,同居重庆,任矿产测勘     

LITHOLOGIC OIL RESERVOIR OF ES_3 IN LUOJIA AREA IN ZHANHUA SAG

1.IntroductionTheLuojiaareaisinthesouthZhanhuasagofnorthJiyangdepression,andtheareaofLuojianosestrUctUreis250kmZ(Fig.l).ThesouthpartisChenilavillageuplift,tothenorthpartissouthfaultofBonan,tothewestpartisLuoxifaultzone,andtotheeastpartiswestKenxiuplift.Thereare122wildcatssinceitwasdrilledinlate1960s.Thereare10oil-bearingserieshavebeenfound,theyareCambrian-Ordovician,Permo-carboniferous,Mesozoic,Kongdianformation,fourmembersofShahejieformation,Dongyingfonnation,GUantaoformation,theprov…     

科学深钻DPI-1智能化多功能钻参仪的研制与应用研究

在科学钻探中,智能化钻参仪被称为“钻井工程的眼睛”。根据深部钻探项目需要,研制了一套DPI-1智能化多功能钻参仪系统,它能检测多路关键钻进参数,自动生成电子班报表,建立数据库管理系统,完成数据近程基地无线传输和远程网络传输。科学钻探现场试验证明,该系统安装简便、测试精度高、稳定性好、实用性强,可广泛适用于配套转盘钻机、立轴钻机、全液压钻机等不同类型钻机。     

利用模型技术研究地震属性的地质意义

介绍了地震属性的提取及其物理意义,通过正演模型技术研究了地震波传播速度、密度及深度与地震属性之间的关系,分析地震属性的地质意义,为在实际应用中对地震属性的分析、选取提供了一定的依据。     

模拟退火优化算法的冻土热传导参数反分析

土体热参数是寒区工程温度场预测和稳定性分析至关重要的参数。根据冻土温度场计算的特点,建立冻土一维相变热参数估计模型,采用非线性有限元法得到土体温度场,基于一种非常快速的模拟退火（VFSA）算法对热参数进行反分析。考虑各个参数的敏感度因子和土体分层情况,将热参数分组、分步进行反演,克服参数较多反演困难的缺陷。以青藏公路多年冻土区监测断面下土体反分析为例,反演分析冻土路基下部不同土层的导热系数、体积热容量和孔隙率等参数。最后,运用参数反演结果对温度场进行预测,经检验和与实测地温对比,表明参数反分析结果可靠,有较高的精度,该方法可用于实际工程。     

锦屏二级水电站岩石夹层非定常参数剪切蠕变模型及参数识别研究

通过对锦屏二级水电站岩石夹层的剪切蠕变试验结果分析,提出了非定常参数的Burgers蠕变模型。由于对部分参数考虑了其值随时间改变的特性,该模型不仅能够反映岩石夹层的加速蠕变过程,而且能比定常参数Burgers模型更好地描述初始蠕变和稳态蠕变过程。由于非定常参数Burgers模型的参数较多,参数辨识不宜采用迭代法或者最小二乘法等线性优化方法,而采用基于随机搜索的粒子群算法,并取得了较好的效果。     

Morphometric analysis of a subtropical Andean basin (Tucumán, Argentina)

A morphometric analysis was done to determine the drainage characteristics of Lules River basin using land-sat imageries and topographical maps. This catchment was divided into seven sub-basins for the analysis: Liquimayo, Hoyada, Ciénaga, De Las Tablas, Siambón, Potrerillo and San Javier. Yungas ecoregion covers almost all the watershed. The drainage patterns of the sub-basins are dendritic and parallel. The basin includes seventh order stream and lower streams order mostly dominate the basin. The development of stream segments is affected by slope and local relief. The mean bifurcation ratio indicates that the drainage pattern is not much influenced by geological structures. The shape parameters also reveal the elongation of the basin and sub-basins.     

Aerosol optical depths at Mohal-Kullu in the northwestern Indian Himalayan high altitude station during ICARB

First time observations of spectral aerosol optical depths (AODs) at Mohal (31.9°N, 77.11°E; altitude 1154 m amsl) in the Kullu valley, located in the northwestern Indian Himalayan region, have been carried out during Integrated Campaign for Aerosols, gases and Radiation Budget (ICARB), as a part of the Indian Space Research Organisation-Geosphere Biosphere Program (ISRO-GBP). AODs at six wavelengths are obtained using Microtops-II Sunphotometer and Ozonometer. The monthly mean values of AOD at 500 nm are found to be 0.27 ± 0.04 and 0.24 ± 0.02 during March and April, 2006 respectively. However, their monthly mean values are 0.33 ± 0.04 at 380 nm and 0.20 ± 0.03 nm at 870 nm during March 2006 and 0.31 ± 0.3 at 380 nm and 0.17 ± 0.2 at 870 nm during April 2006, showing a gradual decrease in AOD with wavelength. The Ångstrom wavelength exponent ‘α’ had a mean value of 0.72 ± 0.05, implying reduced dominance of fine particles. Further, the afternoon AOD values are higher as compared to forenoon values by ～ 33.0% during March and by ～ 9.0% during April 2006 and are attributed to the pollutant lifted up from the valley by the evolving boundary layer. Besides the long-range transportation of aerosol particles by airmass from the Great Sahara and the Thar Desert regions to the observing site, the high values of AODs have also been influenced by biomass burning and frequent incidents of forest fire at local levels.     

数字高程模型分辨率对流域地形特征参数的影响

地形特征(如高程和坡度)和水文特征(如河流长度和河流坡度)是分布式流域水文水质模型的基础输入参数,用于量化描述模型模拟流域的自然特征。这些特征参数的准确性直接影响水文水质过程模拟的准确性。应用数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)在4个不同地形的子流域研究了10种不同分辨率DEM对平均高程、流域面积、坡度、河流坡度、最长河长等参数的影响。结果表明,随着DEM分辨率降低,流域地形变缓,流域平均坡度逐渐减小;随着DEM网格分辨率的变化,子流域划分范围和河道位置也都可能发生变化,且该变化在地形起伏较小的丘陵平原地区较明显,子流域集水面积和河长进一步随之改变;河流坡度随DEM分辨率降低则呈无规则变化。从地形和水文参数两方面揭示了DEM 分辨率在分布式流域模型中的不确定性影响。     

基于离散小波变换的油气检测技术

小波变换的时频双重局部化特性，是处理非平稳地震信号的有效方法。尝试利用离散小波变换提取地震道信号的特征参数。并根据提取的小波参数，寻求其变化规律，从而直接进行油气检测。首先，在选择不同的小波母函数的基础上，对给定的地震道数据进行小波特征参数提取；最后对小波参数值进行分析、比较以优选油气识别的小波特征参数；然后进行小波特征参数的综合；再根据已知井位的油气属性，确定归类门槛值。通过研究认为，该方法具有可行性。     

双重介质含水层求参方法探讨

双重介质模型能较好地刻画天然裂隙含水层的非均质性及液体流动和溶质迁移特征。在石油开采、核废物处置安全评价和环境水文地质等方面受到广泛重视。但是,双重介质模型的实际应用远远落后于其理论发展。其原因除了双重介质模型复杂、计算工作量大以外,模型参数确定的理论和测试方法很不完善,难以取得两套较客观的模型参数是另一重要原因。本文就双重介质含水层参数的确定问题,从其介质特征和水流运动特征入手,探讨了双重介质含水层中抽水和注水条件下的井流动力学方程及其求解方法,并讨论了其适用条件及存在的问题,最后,用实际资料说明了求参过程,检验了公式。     

基于强度条件的黄土结构性静力试验研究

土体的结构是其强度、变形的内在决定因素,黄土的结构性由黄土颗粒之间的联结结构强度和摩擦结构强度所决定。由此,提出了基于强度条件的黄土静力结构性参数即联结结构静力强度势参数 、摩擦结构静力强度势参数 以及结构静力强度势参数 ,并通过黄土的三轴试验研究了原状黄土和人工水泥结构性黄土的结构性及基于强度条件的黄土静力结构性参数的变化规律,揭示了含水率、围压、轴向变形对原状黄土和水泥人工结构性黄土结构性的影响。结果表明,原状黄土的含水率越小,其结构性越强,结构破坏后土体强度损失越大;黄土结构的损伤破坏主要发生在小应变阶段。并对所提出的基于强度条件的黄土静力结构性参数的合理性进行了讨论。