基于伪距相位和STPIR组合的北斗三频周跳探测与修复

GNSS周跳探测中,电离层残差法的适用性受数据采样间隔的影响较大,同时联合其它组合观测量进行周跳修复时,周跳修复方程组易出现病态解。针对这些问题,文中提出一种可靠的北斗三频周跳探测与修复算法,通过构造北斗三频电离层残差组合观测量,进行二阶历元间差分,基于三频伪距相位组合优选理论,选取适用于北斗三频数据的伪距相位组合,结合两种组合观测量,优选条件数较小的组合系数矩阵进行周跳修复,最后通过北斗三频实测数据验证,结果表明:在数据采样间隔较大的情况下,利用构建的三个组合观测量可以探测出北斗三频原始数据中的所有周跳,具有很好的修复效果。     

北斗三频数据周跳的探测方法

介绍了利用北斗三频伪距和相位组合探测周跳的原理,给出了一种周跳探测的新方法.研究了多频载波相位组合观测量的选取标准,并利用北斗卫星实测数据进行了仿真试验.结果表明:三频观测量可构造出更多组合特性良好的周跳探测检验量,对于单一频点或多个频点同时发生周跳的情况均可有效探测.     

基于伪距相位组合实时探测与修复GNSS三频非差观测数据周跳

三频观测量能形成具有更长波长、更小噪声、更小电离层影响等优良特性的组合观测量,有利于提高周跳探测和修复的精度。本文推导了伪距相位组合探测周跳的阈值条件;提出了周跳确定成功率的概念;并从提高周跳确定成功概率出发,给出了伪距相位组合选取的标准和方法;最后利用一组实测GPS三频数据进行了验证。结果表明,在数据采样率较高、历元间电离层延迟变化可忽略时,根据文中提出原则选取的最优伪距相位组合可实时探测和修复三频非差观测数据中的所有周跳。     

惯性辅助强多径环境中的北斗三频周跳探测与修复

针对北斗三频信号,引入了惯性信息辅助周跳探测与修复,建立了北斗/INS松组合模型,提高了多径误差严重影响下的BDS周跳探测成功率和修复率。在常规伪距-相位组合与几何无关组合探测三频周跳的基础上,提出了INS定位辅助的北斗三频组合法,构建了INS辅助的周跳决策量,分析了INS定位误差对周跳探测的影响。该方法克服了周跳探测受伪距观测值精度影响的不足,实现了北斗系统多径环境中的小周跳探测。试验采用船载INS/BDS三频组合系统进行数据实测分析,结果表明,在水面强多径噪声环境导致传统三频探测模型失效的情况下,该方法显著提高了探测成功率与修复率,并适用于低频北斗观测数据。     

北斗三频数据的周跳探测与修复方法研究

利用联合伪距相位组合法以及无几何相位法进行北斗三频数据的周跳探测与修复,通过构造2个伪距相位组合(0,-1,1),(1,4,-5)以及1个无几何相位组合(1,1,-2)共3个线性无关的周跳检测量,对实测北斗三频数据进行周跳探测实验,并采用最小2范数法修复周跳。结果表明:无论是高采样率数据还是低采样率数据,文中提出的方法均可探测出包括1周在内的所有周跳组合,且不存在不敏感周跳组合。     

一种无盲点GNSS三频组合周跳探测与修复方法

针对GNSS现有的三频组合周跳探测法对特殊周跳组合容易出现探测盲点的问题,该文提出一种无盲点三频组合周跳探测与修复方法。该方法构造一个三频无几何相位组合和一个三频STPIR组合;利用这两个组合构建出公共盲点模型,进而得到三频伪距相位组合的系数约束条件;以此条件为基础,构造出可以探测出前两种组合盲点的三频伪距相位组合。将三频无几何相位组合、三频STPIR组合和特别构造的三频伪距相位组合联立,形成无盲点三频组合法,实现对各频点观测值周跳的无盲点探测与修复。利用实测数据对本文提出的无盲点三频组合法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明:该方法探测并修复了实测数据中所有的周跳,并对人为设置的特殊周跳组合实现了无盲点探测与修复。     

伪距相位组合联合STPIR组合探测北斗三频周跳

周跳检验量的构建是实现周跳探测与修复的根本。本文在详细阐述伪距相位组合基本原理的基础上,研究了该组合周跳检验量的选取标准。根据选取标准优化组合系数,然后联合STPIR组合得到最优周跳检验量。最后,利用北斗三频实测数据设计相关实验对该周跳检验量进行验证。验算结果表明:根据本文方法所构建的周跳检验量在探测与修复周跳上具有良好的效果,可以探测出原始观测值中的任意周跳。     

北斗三频组合数据在周跳探测和修复上的应用

随着新一代卫星导航定位系统中多个频率观测数据的应用,利用多频载波相位数据的组合特性将会使周跳的探测和修复变得更加快速准确.本文利用多频组合观测值理论,选出适合北斗数据的组合系数,并结合伪距/载波相位组合方法,对北斗三频实测载波数据进行了周跳的探测与修复研究,试验结果表明无论是小周跳、大周跳以及各种粗差,该方法都可以快速...     

两种周跳探测方法在北斗三频中的应用比较研究

以多频组合观测值理论为基础,利用北斗三频实测数据,对比分析多频伪距/载波相位组合法和MW & Geometry-free组合法对北斗三频载波相位周跳的探测情况.结果表明,两种方法不但探测精度较高,而且对大小周跳都可以快速准确地探测出来,都可以应用于三频载波相位的周跳探测中.     

基于北斗三频数据的周跳探测与修复

针对三频伪距相位法和无几何相位法通常受电离层影响较大的问题,对其进行改进。选取弱电离层影响、低噪声的组合观测值,分析两种方法共同的不敏感周跳组合;采用LAMBDA方法搜索周跳固定解;采用北斗实测数据进行验证分析。结果表明:除两个不敏感周跳组合外,改进后的算法能探测并修复出1周以上的所有周跳。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。