弱GPS信号捕获算法的仿真实验研究

针对低信噪比环境下导航的需要,文章对低信噪比环境下弱GPS信号捕获算法进行了分析,重点对相关累加、非相关累加以及多重数据位循环相关累加捕获算法的信号处理流程和算法捕获性能进行讨论。通过特定的硬件装置获得真实的GPS信号,利用Matlab对上述3种常用的弱GPS信号捕获算法进行计算机仿真研究。根据理论分析和仿真结果可以看出,多重数据位循环相关捕获算法更适合检测低信噪比环境下的GPS信号。     

弱GPS/GLONASS信号捕获算法研究

本文给出了GPS/GLONASS双模接收机的总体设计方案,重点对弱信号环境下的接收机信号捕获进行了讨论,采用并行码相位搜索方法和改进的循环相关算法分别对GLONASS信号和GPS信号进行捕获;并利用真实数据对双模接收机性能进行了仿真研究,重点对接收机捕获弱信号的能力,以及在不同信噪比和不同累加数据长度下的捕获概率进行了讨论,结果表明该双模接收机在不需要较长数据长度的情况下能够捕获低信噪比环境下的卫星导航信号,提高了接收机的灵敏度。     

GPS中频信号快速捕获技术分析

为解决GPS中频信号快速捕获问题,在介绍GPS码相位和载频信号捕获原理的基础上,重点阐述了基于FFT的并行GPS中频信号快速捕获方法,同时在非相干累加、接收信噪比、先验信息等方面分析了提高中频信号快速捕获的可能性,最后利用一组GPS实测数据对上述分析进行了的仿真计算。仿真结果表明基于FFT技术的中频信号快速捕获方法具有抗干扰、捕获速度快和检测低信噪比信号的能力,可以满足GPS软件接收机定位的要求。     

BOC信号改进码相位捕获算法研究

BOC(binary offset carrier)信号自相关函数存在多值性,BOC信号的捕获不能简单地移植GPS信号捕获算法。在分析经典并行码相位算法和BOC信号互相关特性基础上,仿真分析了并行码相位搜索算法对BOC信号进行捕获的有效性,并针对经典算法在低信噪比条件下捕获信号存在的不足,对经典算法进行了改进设计,并利用改进算法对多种BOC信号进行了仿真分析。结果表明,本文提出的改进捕获算法适用于BOC(pn,n)信号(p为整数),扩展了经典算法的适用范围,且与经典算法相比,改进捕获算法对所给定BOC信号能够改善捕获信噪比10dB,可显著提高接收机捕获灵敏度,对接收机BOC信号捕获算法设计具有重要意义。     

基于GPS单频软件接收机的捕获与跟踪算法实现

在分析基于软件无线电全球定位系统（GPS）接收机结构的基础上,研究了GPS单频软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并基于MATLAB平台在PC上仿真了GPS单频软件接收机样机。信号捕获采用基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的并行码相位搜捕算法;信号跟踪联合使用超前滞后非相干延迟锁定环和科斯塔斯环的跟踪环结构。采用实测数据对信号捕获、跟踪算法进行了分析和验证。结果表明：仿真的GPS单频软件接收机具备基本的基带信号处理功能。     

CORDIC算法实现GPS信号捕获研究

在GPS接收机中，对GPS信号的捕获是最为关键的第一步。对GPS信号中伪码的初始相位和信号载频的估计是捕获的两个基本任务。在某些特定的环境下，比如室内、城市街道、树林，对信号的捕获变得困难。针对这个困难可以通过提高估计精度以减少估计误差带来的相关损失。但是信号累积和估计精度的提高都需要极大地增加运算量。本文提出了将CORDIC算法引入到GPS接收机，在保证大运算量的情况下，实现快速的计算时间。介绍了GPS信号捕获的基本原理，讨论了使用CORDIC算法的必要性以及实现方法。最后通过仿真验证了CORDIC算法能够有效提高GPS接收机的捕获速度。     

GPS信号的差分相关捕获算法研究

随着人们活动范围的日益扩大和周边环境的日益复杂，低信噪比环境下捕获卫星导航信号逐渐成为国内外研究的重点。本文分析两种常用的改善检测统计量信噪比的方法：相干累加和非相干累加，指出它们各自存在的问题。引出差分相关捕获算法，详细介绍差分相关捕获算法，分析了其数学模型。从理论上研究差分相关捕获算法的性能，并借助MATLAB仿真，分析各个参数对算法性能的影响，同时与相干／非相干累加算法进行比较。     

一种改进的GPS时频同步捕获算法研究

对GPS时频同步捕获算法进行了研究，分析了一维和二维捕获算法的特点，在已有算法基础上，提出了一种改进的一维时频同步捕获算法，与修改前的捕获算法相比，算法捕获门限的设定简单，且提高了捕获概率；与二维捕获算法相比，显著提高了信号捕获的速度。     

应用延迟累加的微弱GPS信号捕获算法

针对在弱信号环境下传统算法无法进行捕获的问题,提出了一种改进算法。该算法在双块零拓展(double block zero padding,DBZP)算法的基础上,采用延迟累加的方法,首先将DBZP算法相关运算结果中被舍弃的部分暂存,然后对延迟1ms的接收信号进行相关运算,得到相应的相关运算结果,将其与存储的运算结果进行相干累加,并将相干累加结果作为捕获模块输出与门限值进行比较。改进算法在增加极少运算量的前提下,通过提高相关运算结果的利用率,增加了数据观测量。仿真结果表明,改进算法能够提高捕获算法处理增益,在捕获载噪比为17dB-Hz的信号时,检测概率能够达到91%。     

一种基于FFT的GPS中频信号捕获方法

本文针对GPS导航接收机对定位信号快速捕获的要求,给出了基于FFT并行运算的GPS中频信号快速捕获方法,同时在非相干累加、接收信噪比、先验信息、弱信号等方面分析了提高中频信号快速捕获的关键技术。数据实验表明：基于FFT的快速捕获方法具有抗干扰、捕获速度快和可捕获低信噪信号的能力,满足GPS接收机快速定位的要求。     

GPS signal acquisition using the repeatability of successive code phase measurements

This paper introduces a new method for GPS signal acquisition, which is based on the repeatability of successive code phase measurements and the M-of-N search algorithm. The performance of the proposed method in terms of probability of signal detection is similar to that of traditional methods, except that the calculation of the probability of detection does not rely on the noise distribution or the Carrier-to-Noise ratio (C/N₀). The code phase repeatability-based method is presented along with equations for probability of detection and probability of false detection. If the distribution of the noise is known, it also provides an estimate of the C/N₀. The proposed method is illustrated for coherent and non-coherent acquisition and C/N₀ estimation.     

GPS/INS紧组合的INS辅助周跳探测与修复

建立了GPS/INS紧组合定位模型,改正惯性器件误差及电离层折射误差,对不同组合观测量的误差影响进行了分析,构造不同观测值组合,提出了基于惯性信息辅助的GPS周跳自适应探测方法,分析了INS定位误差对周跳探测的影响,给出了周跳探测误报率及修复成功率评价指标,提出了一种周跳检测阈值自适应确定方法。利用实测组合导航试验数据验证本文的算法,文中模拟了不同的单历元多周跳及信号失锁条件,结果表明,在GPS信号完全失锁20 s内,该方法能准确检测和修复所有周跳,中断时间的延长降低了周跳修复的成功率;GPS信号部分失锁时,在模拟的90 s中断时段内仍能修复所有周跳;模拟了170历元的5 s间隔密集周跳,周跳探测成功率为100%,正确修复率为99.41%。     

基于伪距相位组合实时探测与修复GNSS三频非差观测数据周跳

三频观测量能形成具有更长波长、更小噪声、更小电离层影响等优良特性的组合观测量,有利于提高周跳探测和修复的精度。本文推导了伪距相位组合探测周跳的阈值条件;提出了周跳确定成功率的概念;并从提高周跳确定成功概率出发,给出了伪距相位组合选取的标准和方法;最后利用一组实测GPS三频数据进行了验证。结果表明,在数据采样率较高、历元间电离层延迟变化可忽略时,根据文中提出原则选取的最优伪距相位组合可实时探测和修复三频非差观测数据中的所有周跳。     

A new algorithm for fine acquisition of GPS carrier frequency

Design of a GPS signal acquisition algorithm is a trade-off between improvement of the acquisition frequency resolution and reduction in the acquisition time. A new algorithm is proposed to acquire the carrier frequency accurately by correlation of the GPS signal after completion of the coarse acquisition of the signals. The CA code in a period of 1 ms is stripped off first. Then, several local replica carriers are generated and mixed with the CA-code-stripped data. Finally, the mixed data are integrated to detect the carrier frequency accurately. By analyzing the correlated integration result, the algorithm performance is evaluated on the aspects of the computational load, the effects of the carrier-to-noise ratio, and the navigation data transition. Performance of the proposed method is verified by simulations and experiments.     

Analysis of early late phase in single-and dual-frequency GPS receivers for multipath detection

Much of the research into multipath detection and mitigation has not considered the carrier phase delay between the line of sight (LOS) and reflected signals. A new variable referred to as early late phase (ELP) has recently been proposed to exploit this phase difference. It has been found that in a receiver tracking the L1 GPS signal, the probability of detecting multipath is lower when the carrier phase difference between the LOS and a reflected signal is an integer multiple of π. Since the pseudorange error caused by the multipath’s presence is the highest in this case, we propose to exploit the coexistence of another GPS civilian signal, the L2C. We present an analysis of ELP for the L1 and L2C signals, and a combination of both, for detecting multipath. The multipath detection performance has been compared using probabilities of false alarm and detection. An ideal algorithm should have lower probability of false alarm and higher probability of detection. However, it has been found that using dual-frequency ELP increases both probabilities. Thus, receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves, and the area under the ROC curves, have been used for effective comparison. It has been found that the L2C signal individually gives worse performance than L1 because of its weaker signal strength. However, the combination of L1 and L2C gives the best overall performance, and thus it can be claimed that ELP using dual-frequency receivers is a more effective approach for detecting multipath.