滇西试验场重力异常特征与强震潜在源区研究

本文用细化了的重力和地形综合数学模型、双层锯齿形计算模板、给定区域方差—协方差函数的最小二乘配置小区域内插和精度限定等精算重力异常场值的方法,以不低于±2.4×10~(-5)ms~(-2)和±2.9×10~(-5)ms~(-2)的精度,分别获得了滇西试验场区(99°E～102°E,24°N～27°N)最新完全布格重力异常和均衡重力异常展布图。依该区地震分布与重力场变异特征的对比研究,将下关—洱源—剑川一线划为7～7.5级地震潜在源区,永胜—大姚北划为6.5—7级地震潜在源区。     

张北6.2级地震的断层形变速率异常

利用北京地区 1994～ 2 0 0 0年的跨断层形变资料 ,研究了张北地震的形变前兆规律。以形变速率值和基准值之比作为异常参数 ,定量分析了北京地区 1995～ 1999年的异常及其与本区及邻区中强地震的关系。结果表明 ,异常出现后的 0 .5～ 1年内 ,都有中强震发生 ,而在 1997～1998年近 2年内异常数都超过 6次 ,其间即发生了张北 6 .2级地震 ( 1998年 1月 )     

地理信息系统(GIS)在地震危险性分析中的应用

简要介绍了地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的主要特征、地震危险性分析的一般步骤及其在地理信息系统下的实现方法。以东亚地区地震危险性分析为例,在ＧＩＳ平台下,利用ＧＩＳ的图层叠加和拼接、空间数据查询和综合分析功能,编制了东亚地区地震构造图,划分了该区的潜在震源区,并得到了各潜在震源区相应的地震活动性参数,在此基础上,按１°×１°计算和分析了东亚地区未来５０年超越概率为１０％的峰值地面加速度。     

应用GPS观测资料反演潜在震源参数

根据点源孕震力学模型 ,应用福建 台湾地区GPS位移速度资料反演 1999年台湾南投Mw7.6大震前的孕震参数。反演所得的震中与实际发生的地震震中相差 6 7km ,主压应力场方向为 319.9°,倾角 - 2 8.6° ,即仰角2 8.6° ,与用震源机制解得到的P轴方向和倾角分别相差 17°和 8.6° ,与菲律宾板块向亚洲板块挤压的方向是一致的。用土耳其地区GPS位移速率资料反演 1999年土耳其Mw7.6地震前的孕震参数 ,反演得到的震中与实际震中相差 70km ,主应力方位角和倾角分别为 16 2 .5°、11.5°,与震源机制解结果分别差 2 4 .5°和 1.5°。     

长江中下游地震区地震活动的一些特征

本文根据华北南部地震活动性的一些特征,指出北纬30°到34°之间存在一个走向近北东东的地震活动区,称为长江中下游地震区。该区的地震活动性和震源机制解与华北地震区基本一致。     

1856年湖北咸丰县大路坝地震考察

本文根据地震历史资料和实地考察记录,详述了这次地震的震害分布特征,圈定出九、八、七各烈度区的范围,重新测定了宏观地震参数(震中位置;北纬29°41′,东径108°45′;震中烈度;九度;震源深度:8公里左右;震级:6.4;震源破裂:长20余公里,走向北西310°—345°,倾向北东,倾角约60°,左旋水平位移,向北北西仰起,朝南东倾伏)。对其构造特征分析认为:北东30°—40°延伸的黄金洞断裂和黔江断裂为控震构造,北西310°—345°的破裂带则起着发震构造的作用。     

用极值统计方法预报地震三要素的探讨

本文利用华北地区1448—1989年的地震资料,依极值统计方法计算该区未来地震三要素,又用最小二乘原理分两种情况计算出了该区未来地震三要素的区间。第一种情况考虑相对平静期,计算结果为:M_s=7.1±0.8级,φ_N=39.°87±3.°58,λ_E=120.°78±3.°47,△T=9.32±1.75年。第二种情况不考虑相对平静期,计算结果为:M_s=7.0±0.8级,φ_N=39.°84±3.°58,λ_E=120.°65±3.°47,△T=6.95±1.75年。     

美国加州7.4级地震前宁波台地倾斜记录的临震异常

1　前言据我国地震台网测定 ,1999年 10月 16日北京时间 17h46 min在美国加利福尼亚州的洛杉矶东部 (34 .5°N,116 .3°W)发生了 7.4级强烈地震。浙江省宁波地震台记录到了非常明显的地倾斜临震异常信息。通过检查、分析 ,没有发现人为原因或周围环境干扰以及仪器本身不稳定因素 ,认为观测到的短临前兆是可靠的。本文对此作分析讨论。2　观测基本条件宁波地震台位于杭州湾南岸、宁波盆地的北部山区与平原交界处 (2 9°5 8′N,12 1°31′E) ,距东海海岸约 16 km。台基为上侏罗统火山岩 ,岩性致密坚硬 ,整体性好。周围无干扰 ,是一个环境条…     

张北-尚义6.2级地震(1998-01-10)前倾斜与地电阻率前兆异常

１　前言１９９８年１月１０日张北－尚义Ｍｓ６．２级地震（λＥ１１４．３°,φＮ４１．１°）,是继１９８９年大同－阳高Ｍｓ６．１地震后,发生在华北北部地区的又一次６级以上强震。距离震中区１１０ｋｍ的内蒙古自治区宝昌地震台的ＳＱ－７０水平摆倾斜仪和地电阻率在震前均观测到明显的前兆异常。尽管在此次张北－尚义地震前,根据某些测项的异常变化,作出了一定的预报,但从整体来讲,并未作出准确的短临预报。因此,对宝昌地震台（λＥ１１４°１５′,φＮ４１°５６′）的主要前兆测项,即ＳＱ－７０地倾斜和地电阻率在张北地…     

汶川地震滑坡-碎屑流致灾距探讨

为了阐明地震滑坡的运动特性并对其进行致灾距的预测,基于遥感影像解译和野外调查数据,借助经验公式法,分析了汶川地震滑坡水平最大运移距离L与前后缘高差H之间的相关性,给出了经验公式;探讨了不同滑坡之间滑程的差异与异常。结果表明:若已知H,可用L=aH+b或L=aHb对总位移进行预测初探;将视摩擦系数H/L=0.45作为汶川地震高速远程型滑坡的上限较合适;滑坡体积、源区破裂面积与L呈正相关,与H/L呈负相关;地震滑坡易发生在山脊线平行于断裂带、垂直于地震波传播方向的山体两侧;崩塌型滑坡易发前后缘高差范围在10~100m之间,大型高速远程型滑坡易发前后缘高差大于200m;滑坡源区易发坡度分布在25°51°之间,滑床坡降变化范围为0~58°,高速远程型滑坡的滑床坡降主要在8°20°之间;分析认为滑程差异和异常是距离效应、能量传递与岩体挡板效应、滚动润滑与气垫效应、体积与破裂面积效应、地质因子、地形因子、颗粒级配与颗粒流效应等因素综合作用的结果,考虑上述因素有益于滑坡-碎屑流致灾距的预测分析。      

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied