大高差地形条件下大比例尺航空摄影的设计与实现

大高差地形条件下进行大比例尺航空摄影有一定的技术难度。在研究大比例尺航空摄影规律,总结此类项目技术特点的基础上,设计的作业技术路线涵盖了从资料收集、航摄飞行设计、航摄任务执行、数据预处理、成果质量检查及资料的整理等各个主要环节。重点研究了摄影分区和航线设计的原则和方法,航摄各分区基准面确定,飞行航线敷设要求,各类航摄因子确定方法,航摄飞行的质量要求等方面,列出了此类设计中要考虑的主要技术参数。以某国家森林公园航摄项目为例,通过对项目航摄成果的全面质量检查,验证了技术路线的可行性。最后总结的几点在大高差地形条件下航摄的技术要点,对类似项目有较高的参考价值。     

航摄底片扫描数字化生产过程与质量检查

高精度高质量地完成航摄底片扫描数字化生产,确保数字化影像数据准确可靠,是保证全数字摄影测量成图成果质量的一个基础环节。本文阐述了航摄底片扫描数字化的生产过程和成果的质量检查。     

基于快速镶嵌的航摄飞行质检方法研究

当前大多数测绘生产单位航摄飞行质量检查基本上依靠传统的人工方法,速度慢、效率低,无法快速形成质量检查报告,不能适应信息化测绘生产的要求。本文从生产实际出发,结合当前数字摄影测量的特点,总结了一套基于数字航空影像自动化快速镶嵌的航摄飞行质量检查方法,并研发原型系统。最后,利用浙江省东南沿海摄区103张航摄影像共3个航带进行验证,试验结果表明,该方法能实现航摄飞行质量的快速检查,并自动输出飞行质量评定报告,基本可以取代传统的人工检查方法。     

面向Z-5无人直升机航测的测绘质量检查体系及实证

基于无人直升机开展应急测绘具有重要意义,但目前缺乏针对无人直升机航摄系统的测绘质量检查体系及量化指标。本文提出基于Z-5无人直升机及配套航摄系统的测绘质量检查体系,包含数字航空摄影成果检查、空三加密成果检查和数字正射影像成果检查,并明确重要指标的量化数据。通过实际飞行验证,结果表明,Z-5无人直升机航摄系统能够满足应急测绘精度要求,其中4项内容可以进一步提高量化指标阈值,满足更为精准的无人机测绘要求。     

浅析航空摄影的质量控制

本文从航摄技术设计、飞行质量、影像质量和航摄成果资料检查验收等方面浅析航摄的质量元素和质量要求．旨在探讨提高航摄质量的控制。     

航摄底片扫描数字化生产的质量控制

高精度高质量地完成航摄底片扫描数字化生产，确保数字化影像数据准确可靠，是保证全数字摄影测量成图成果质量的一个基础环节。本文在总结扫描数字化生产实践经验的基础上，论述了扫描数字化生产过程及成果的质量控制与检查问题，主要内容包括扫描仪参数的选择与状态维护、扫描过程中的自主质量控制及扫描结果的质量检查方法等。     

动态GPS测量数据在航摄成果飞行质量检查中的应用

阐述了GPS及其在航摄中的应用，重点论述了利用动态GPS测量数据检查航摄成果飞行质量的基本方法。     

框幅式数码航摄仪影像质量检查系统的设计与应用

目前,数字航空摄影技术已经成为获取地表信息的主要途径,它因具有航摄面积大和应用范围广等特点,从而广泛应用在农业、林业、水利、军事、城市规划等各个领域。但现有的框幅式数字航空摄影质量检查方法效率很低。本项研究以Visua1 C++为集成开发工具,采用数字图像处理技术、计算机图形学技术,研究了框幅式数码航摄仪影像质量检查系统,从而实现程序软件自动质量检查,并输出检查报告。此项研究可以减少人工投入、提高效率、增加自动化程度,并实现全新的质量检查解决方案。     

直接使用航摄底片进行飞行质量检查

通过对底片法与常规法检查流程的比较及对飞行质量的检查，论述了用航摄底片直接进行飞行质量检查的可行性，实践证明，利用底片法是一种行之有效的方法。     

基于无人机摄影测量的增减挂钩耕地指标检查与评价方法

土地增减挂钩项目的质量检查的传统流程需到实地逐一核实,检查周期长。本文提出一种基于无人机航摄的检查技术流程,结合研发的野外实地调绘软件系统,提出一种新型的基于无人机航摄的增减挂钩项目质量检查流程,并基于DOM检查构建指标评价体系。流程优化了传统外业检查流程,实现地块的全覆盖内业检查和外业的实时取证,确保成果耕地质量指标的准确性,对土地增减挂钩项目给予客观评价。评价体系的应用选取广西几个县增减挂钩为研究对象,探究体系评价的合理性,初步确定该方法基本可行。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的设计与实现

随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。