柔度法纤维模型在方钢管混凝土柱滞回仿真中的应用

本文编制了基于二阶柔度法纤维模型梁柱单元的矩形钢管混凝土框架结构非线性分析程序,采用虚拟阶步法和改进的滞回路径追踪方法消除了其中截面切线刚度矩阵奇异时无法求逆的隐患,提高了算法的稳定性.运用此程序对矩形钢管混凝土柱进行滞回仿真,并与试验结果对比,结果表明:柔度法纤维模型梁柱单元可以有效解决框架结构的几何非线性问题和压弯耦合的材料非线性问题,使用较少的单元数量就可以得到较准确的计算结果;本文所采用的改进措施切实有效,保证了程序的稳定性.     

基于OpenSees平台的钢管混凝土结构力学性能数值模拟

基于非线性纤维梁-柱单元理论,以OpenSees为求解平台分别进行了钢管混凝土结构滞回曲线计算和弹塑性动力时程分析等数值模拟,计算结果与试验吻合良好。钢管内核心混凝土采用考虑钢管约束效应的应力—应变关系,钢材采用随动强化本构模型。在传统纤维模型法的基础上,通过直接在截面层次定义非线性剪切恢复力的方法建立了考虑非线性剪切效应的剪力墙结构数值模型,结果表明该模型能较好地模拟组合剪力墙的抗剪承载力、捏缩效应以及刚度退化等力学性能。对输入不同地震波下钢管混凝土框架体系的动力时程分析表明,基于OpenSees求解平台的非线性纤维模型法能够较好地模拟钢管混凝土框架结构的非线性动力特性。     

采用纤维模型的钢管混凝土框架-中心支撑结构抗连续倒塌非线性分析

为研究不同形式的中心支撑对钢管混凝土结构抗连续倒塌性能的影响,基于纤维梁模型建立5种钢管混凝土框架-中心支撑结构数值模型,在合理选取钢材和混凝土材料本构模型的基础上,计算不同失效工况下结构的抗连续倒塌非线性动力响应,通过非线性静力加载获得结构的整体刚度和极限承载力。研究结果表明：设置中心支撑均可以提高结构的整体刚度和抗倒塌承载能力,其中对边柱失效工况的提升效果好于中柱失效工况;设置中心支撑提供了新的荷载传递路径,可以有效减小失效柱相邻构件的分配内力;X型支撑在不同失效工况下都能显著提升框架刚度和承载能力,降低失效节点的竖向位移,反斜支撑框架表现出更好的延性和极限承载能力,研究结果可为建筑结构抗连续倒塌设计提供参考。     

精细化纤维梁柱单元模拟分析平台FENAP的开发

为精细化模拟桥梁结构的非线性行为,在深入分析纤维梁柱单元模型原理的基础上,本文基于ABAQUS建立了钢筋混凝土精细化纤维梁柱单元模拟平台FENAP,开发了与其相适应的材料模型库FENAP/MAT,涵盖了多种材料本构模型,能够有效考虑构件的刚度退化和强度退化等损伤效应,以及模拟轴力和弯矩的多维耦合效应等复杂非线性动力行为,且可考虑箍筋对混凝土的约束作用等。利用该FENAP平台数值模拟了一个钢筋混凝土矩形截面悬臂梁,进行了Pushover分析,考虑了箍筋对核心混凝土约束效应的影响,并与OpenSEES的计算结果进行对比。结果表明:FENAP平台可有效模拟桥梁构件的多种复杂非线性行为,且具有很好的计算效率和求解精度。     

不同模型对足尺钢框架振动台试验模拟的影响

本文分别采用纤维单元模型和塑性铰单元模型对一个四层足尺钢框架振动台试验进行模拟分析,在三维空间非线性分析程序Perform-3D中进行动力非线性分析,比较分析结果,并与试验结果对比,以研究两种模型应用于钢框架整体结构非线性分析的计算精度。文中并讨论了纤维单元模型截面纤维的划分、塑性区长度的取值等问题。最后对采用组合梁的整体结构模型进行了动力非线性分析。结果表明,纤维模型的建模速度比塑性铰模型快,但塑性铰模型能模拟结构的倒塌时间。Perform-3D程序的纤维单元模型和塑性铰单元模型用于计算我国规范规定的7度和8度地震作用的多层钢框架结构,其结果是真实可靠的,而且计算结果偏于安全。     

钢筋混凝土框架结构全过程pushover分析

以往采用杆系模型对钢筋混凝土结构进行pushover分析时，杆端塑性铰所采用的力一变形关系模型中特征参数的计算是基于杆件的原始尺寸，且对变形的极限值(如极限曲率)没有加以限制，这种本构模型并不能完整地体现构件的受力全过程。本文首先采用数值计算方法分析了钢筋混凝土压弯构件保护层混凝土剥落后强度的变化以及箍筋约束作用对其强度和延性的影响。在此基础上，以一个预应力混凝土框架结构为例进行了全过程pushover分析。算例分析结果表明，这种分析方法能够更合理地反映结构从加载到破坏的整个受力过程。     

钢筋混凝土构件率相关恢复力模型研究

通过钢筋混凝土构件的动态试验,研究不同加载速率下的钢筋混凝土梁柱力学特性。考虑屈服强度、极限强度和刚度的动力效应,引入损伤因子,并考虑混凝土损伤对卸载刚度的影响,建立了钢筋混凝土构件率相关的三折线恢复力模型。利用有限元分析软件模拟钢筋混凝土构件的动态试验,对比模拟结果与试验结果得出：考虑应变率效应和混凝土损伤对卸载刚度的影响,能够更好地反映构件的动力特性。对一平面框架结构模型进行不同加载速率下的动态分析,研究加载速率对结构动力反应的影响,结果表明,随着加载速率的增大,结构模型各构件的强度和刚度增大,结构模型整体抗侧移刚度增强,水平位移减小。     

基于OpenSees的巨型SRC柱低周反复试验数值分析

为研究巨型SRC柱抗震性能的数值模拟方法,本文基于有限元分析软件OpenSees,采用纤维单元模拟5根具有不同复杂截面型钢形式的巨型SRC柱试件的低周反复加载试验,并与试验滞回曲线以及骨架曲线进行对比分析。结果表明,该基于纤维单元的有限元模型能够较好模拟巨型SRC柱试件的滞回反应,具有一定的合理性和可靠性。同时采用一种新型高性能分层壳单元对其中一根巨型SRC柱试件进行精细有限元建模分析,分析结果与试验结果对比表明分层壳能够较好地模拟试件的初始刚度和峰值承载力;与纤维单元模拟结果对比表明纤维单元能够更好地模拟试件承载力的下降,结果更加精确,且计算效率更高;新型高性能壳单元DKGQ能够弥补原有壳单元的不足,更好地模拟构件因混凝土大量开裂剥落导致的承载力下降。     

基于Timoshenko梁理论纤维模型巨型钢框架结构非线性地震反应分析方法

巨型钢框架结构中,组成主结构的杆件截面高度很大,荷载作用下截面剪切变形对杆件承载力和塑性发展的影响不能忽略,即基于弯曲梁理论的截面纤维模型梁柱单元用于此类结构非线性分析时精度并不高.本文基于刚度法将截面纤维模型与Timoshenko梁理论结合,考虑剪切屈服与弯曲屈服相分离建立杆件单元刚度矩阵通过有限元软件MSC.Mar...     

E-Defense振动台试验预测性分析比赛的研究综述

文中介绍了日本E-Defense的足尺钢框架振动台试验预测性分析比赛的情况,研究了分析人员对该钢框架结构所采用不同的数值分析方法。分析方法大致分为纤维模型,塑性铰模型,微观单元模型及结构协同分析方法4种。纤维模型与塑性铰模型属于宏观单元,假定条件较多但自由度数少适用于整体结构分析。微观单元假定条件较少,力学概念明确,能准确反映构件局部破坏,整体分析比较困难。结构协同分析方法属于混合单元法,通过不同单元甚至不同程序模拟各个构件,再通过主程序组装总刚度进行动力分析,该方法发挥了微观单元和宏观单元各自的优点。     

混凝土框架柱双向受剪性能试验研究与相关性分析

为研究钢筋混凝土框架柱的抗震性能,进行了矩形截面不等肢配箍混凝土框架柱在斜向水平荷载作用下的抗剪强度试验研究,对框架柱在斜向水平荷载作用下的受剪承载力进行有限元分析,并与试验结果进行比较,研究了两向不等肢配箍矩形截面柱在静载和低周反复荷载作用下双向受剪承载力的相关关系,推导了双向受剪承载力计算公式。研究结果表明,斜向水平荷载作用下,不等肢配箍混凝土框架柱双向受剪承载力的相关关系近似符合椭圆规律,为不等肢配箍混凝土框架柱的受剪承载力设计提供参考。     

Seismic response analysis of reinforced concrete frames using inelasticity‐separated fiber beam‐column model

Evaluating the inelastic seismic response of structures accurately is of great importance in earthquake engineering and generally requires refined simulation, which is a time‐consuming process. Because the material nonlinearity generally occurs in a small part of the whole structure, many researches focus on taking advantage of this characteristic to improve the computational efficiency and the inelasticity‐separated finite element method (IS‐FEM) proposed recently provide a generic finite element formulation for solving this kind of problems efficiently. Although the fiber beam‐column element is widely used for the simulation of reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures, the inelastic deformation is often detected in a large part of the numerical model under earthquake excitation so that it is hard to achieve high efficient computation when applying the IS‐FEM to the inelastic response analysis of RC fiber models directly. In this paper, a new numerical scheme for seismic response analysis of RC framed structures model by fiber beam‐column element is proposed based on the IS‐FEM. To implement the RC fiber model for use in IS‐FEM and improve the computational performance of proposed scheme, a method of identifying the local domains with severe section inelasticity level is proposed and a modified Kent‐Park concrete material model is developed. Because the Woodbury formula is adopted as the solver, the global stiffness matrix can keep unchanged throughout the analysis and the main computational effort is only invested on a small matrix representing local inelastic behavior. The numerical examples demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed scheme.     

Simulation of damage in RC frames with variable axial forces

The purpose of this paper is to describe how the methods and concepts of continuum damage and fracture mechanics can be applied to the modelling of the hysteretic behaviour of Reinforced Concrete (RC) frame members under variable axial loads. A frame member is considered as the assemblage of an elastic beam-column and two inelastic hinges, as in conventional nonlinear analysis of RC frames. As a result of the combination of damage mechanics and standard RC theory, a simplified model of damage is proposed and implemented as a finite element (FE). This new element can be used with any non-linear commercial FE program. The numerical simulation of several experiments, for which data were available in the literature, verifies the accuracy of the model. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Inelastic response analysis of reinforced concrete structures using modified force analogy method

A modified force analogy method (MFAM) is developed to simulate the nonlinear inelastic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Beam–column elements with three different plastic mechanisms are utilized to simulate inelastic response caused by moment and shear force. A multi‐linear hysteretic model is implemented to simulate the nonlinear inelastic response of RC member. The P‐Δ effect of the structure is also addressed in MFAM. Static and dynamic inelastic response of structure, damage condition and failure type for structural element, structural limit state and collapse time can also be simulated using MFAM. Compared with the general algorithm, the MFAM provides less computational time especially in the case of large structural system. It is also easier to be written as computer program. Three test data groups, which include cyclic loading test data of a non‐ductile RC bridge column, a two‐storey RC frame, and dynamic collapse test data of a non‐ductile RC portal frame, are selected to confirm the effectiveness of applying MFAM to simulate the inelastic behaviour of structures. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于柔度法的异形截面钢筋混凝土构件非线性分析

钢筋混凝土异形截面构件在住宅建筑中已被广泛应用,但适合此类长细比较小的异形截面构件空间分析模型并不成熟.目前国内外学者提出的基于有限单元柔度法的纤维单元模型,还不能考虑剪切变形对构件刚度的影响,对于短肢剪力墙这类长细比较小的构件是不适用的.本文建立了考虑剪切变形的基于柔度法的弹塑性纤维单元,对L形钢筋混凝土构件进行了算例分析.模拟计算结果与试验结果显示出良好的一致性,L形截面构件在侧力作用下会发生斜弯曲现象,钢筋混凝土构件在纯弯矩作用下杆件具有伸长特性.     

Seismic retrofitting of reinforced concrete frame structures using GFRP-tube-confined-concrete composite braces

This paper presents a new type of structural bracing intended for seismic retrofitting use in framed structures. This special composite brace,termed glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer(GFRP)-tube-confined-concrete composite brace,is comprised of concrete confined by a GFRP tube and an inner steel core for energy dissipation.Together with a contribution from the GFRP-tube confined concrete,the composite brace shows a substantially increased stiffness to control story drift, which is often a preferred feature in seismic retrofitting.An analysis model is established and implemented in a general finite element analysis program-OpenSees,for simulating the load-displacement behavior of the composite brace.Using this model,a parametric study of the hysteretic behavior(energy dissipation,stiffness,ductility and strength)of the composite brace was conducted under static cyclic loading and it was found that the area ratio of steel core to concrete has the greatest influence among all the parameters considered.To demonstrate the application of the composite brace in seismic retrofitting, a three-story nonductile reinforced concrete(RC)frame structure was retrofitted with the composite braces.Pushover analysis and nonlinear time-history analyses of the retrofitted RC frame structure was performed by employing a suite of 20 strong ground motion earthquake records.The analysis results show that the composite braces can effectively reduce the peak seismic responses of the RC frame structure without significantly increasing the base shear demand.     

静力和动力荷载作用下混凝土高层结构的倒塌模拟

在M SC.M arc有限元分析软件程序的基础上,开发了针对钢筋混凝土杆系结构的钢筋混凝土纤维模型程序THU F IBER。在该程序中,结构构件中的混凝土和钢筋分别用不同的纤维来模拟,从而使得材料滞回特性得到较准确的表达。为了验证本程序的计算能力,本文针对一个钢筋混凝土高层框架结构进行了静力弹塑性分析和动力时程分析,结果表明,THU F IBER具有出色的分析非线性问题的能力,可以进行结构倒塌模拟。     

An efficient fiber beam-column element considering flexure–shear interaction and anchorage bond-slip effect for cyclic analysis of RC structures

In this paper, a fiber beam-column element considering flexure–shear interaction and bond-slip effect is developed for cyclic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The element is based on conventional displacement-based Timoshenko beam theory, where the transverse shear deformation is included, and adopts the fiber model to describe the section force–deformation behavior. In the fiber model, shear deformation is assumed to be uniformly distributed along the section and is only resisted by concrete, thus the multi-dimensional concrete damage model is used for concrete fibers and therefore flexure–shear interaction is reflected naturally at the material level. Meanwhile, to account for the significant bond-slip effect at critical regions, the anchorage slip of bars at these regions is analytically derived. Then it is used to modify the uniaxial stress–strain model for steel fibers by assuming that the total strain can be treated as the sum of the bar deformation and anchorage slip, therefore the bond-slip effect is implicitly but simply represented. To validate the proposed element, a series of RC member and structure tests under cyclic loading are simulated. The results indicate that the proposed element can predict cyclic responses of RC structures, and can be used as a reliable tool for analysis of RC structures.