岩心钻机传动方式对比分析

岩心钻机的传动方式经历了由机械传动、半液压传动到全液压传动三个发展阶段。诚然,全液压岩心钻机具有一系列的优点,但是否就是今后唯一的发展方向呢?对此,各国钻探界仍有不同的看法。瑞典、美国等极力推崇全液压钻机;加拿大则有人主张在全液压钻机设计中保留部分机械传动;苏联还有人提出了电传动的问题。现就国外岩心钻机在传动方式上的最新进展作些初步分析。液压传动液压传动技术用于岩心钻机已有几十年的历史。在初期,液压传动只是用来代替钻机个別部件的机械传动,例如液压给进系统、液压卡盘、钻机后移液压机构,以及液压卸扣钳等等。但是,自从     

岩心钻机的全液压方向及研制中的几个问题

本文从全液压岩心钻机的调速性能、长行程给进、无塔升降、提高机械化、仪表化程度、简化钻机结构等方面与油压立轴式钻机的发展、局限性及国外对该类型钻机改造的新动向等做了较全面的对比。并对全液压岩心钻机的传动效率、成本、维护保养做了具体分析。同时还介绍了国内外这两类钻机在生产中取得的部分经济指标。从理论上和生产使用效果两方面肯定了全液压钻机是岩心钻机的发展趋向。     

国外岩心钻机使用状况

六十年代末,瑞典首先研制成功结构上全新的全液压传动高速金刚石岩心钻机。接着,加拿大、美国等也先后研制成功这种类型的岩心钻机,并进行了小批生产。可以说,在金刚石岩心钻机的研制方面,有了突破性的发展。但是,就整个地质勘探现有技术装备来讲,目前国外所使用的岩心钻探设备仍然是比较落后的。甚至在一些钻探施工现     

机械传动多功能坑道钻机的研发及性能分析

为解决普通立轴式岩心钻机和全液压钻机在坑道内钻探施工存在的问题以及满足用户的需求,研制了KDZ-300型多功能坑道钻机。该钻机利用机械传动立轴钻机回转器可以旋转360°,并结合机械传动动力消耗低、便于维修等优点,采用现有GXY-2型机械传动立轴钻机的主要零部件,增加上、下液压卡盘和上、下支撑固定等机构,在坑道内可实现向下、水平和仰孔施工,大大降低了制造、使用和维修成本。厂内调试和初步生产试验证明,钻机性能完全实现了设计的目的。     

全液压式岩心钻机——国外岩心钻机的发展

一般岩心钻机均由回转、给进和升降三大主要机构组成.这三大机构实现了液压传动即为全液压式岩心钻机.目前,地质岩心钻机已经发展到第三代,即所谓全液压式岩心钻机.第一代钻机是手把给进式的;第二代钻机是油压给进式的.纵观地质岩心钻机的演变过程可以看出,地质岩心钻机是随着钻井工艺水平的发展而发展的.钻井工艺的中心问题就是在保证钻孔符合地质设计要求的前提下,最大限度地提高钻进效率.因此,首先要求钻机的回转机构和给进机构能满足一定钻进方法和适应不同岩层钻进的需要,其次还要求这些机构特别是升降机构能最大限度地减少辅助作业时间.近百年来,岩心钻机的结构基本上是围绕着如何完善回转、给进、升降这三大问题在演进着的.四     

我国地质岩心钻机的发展方向

我国地质岩心钻机的发展方向积钻机１５０余年的发展经验，地质岩心钻机的发展是与工业技术的进步和钻探工艺技术的发展相适应的。迄今为止地质岩心钻机已形成了转盘式、立轴式和全液压顶驱式三种主要机型。后者在我国钻机界被称为第三代钻机，视为今后钻机的发展方向。为...     

XD系列全液压动力头岩心钻机的研制和应用

简要概述了全液压动力头岩心钻机目前的发展状况,分析了XD系列全液压动力头岩心钻机的特点、结构组成、性能参数以及钻机的应用情况。     

对全液压钻机的初步分析

全液压传动的地质钻机是否是发展方向？目前，国内外都有争议。全液压传动被应用于钻机上，表面看来似乎     

信息与动态

YDX-3型全液压岩心钻机通过鉴定本刊讯由中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所承担研制的YDX-3型全液压岩心钻机于2006年6月25日通过了国土资源部国际合作与科技司组织的专家鉴定。专家组一致认为:该钻机是我国勘探岩心钻机更新换代的首台机型,钻机技术性能指标达到同类钻机国际先进水平。YDX-3型全液压岩心钻机为科技部“十五”攻关、地质调查支持项目,该钻机为国内首台模块化拼装式全液压地表岩心钻机,总体设计先进,钻机的各个模块均为独立的单元,具有组装、分解、搬迁方便特点。各模块之间联结符合通用化、标准化。通过不同的     

全液压动力头岩心钻机选型分析

本文从全液压动力头岩心钻机普及率不高的原因展开论述,从品牌知名度、技术成熟性、性能稳定性、部件可靠性、应用适应性等角度对全液压动力头岩心钻机选型进行了分析,提出了全液压动力头岩心钻机选型建议,为钻机的选择提供参考。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an