放射性测井在新疆煤田上应用成功

乌鲁木齐侏罗纪煤田由于煤层和围岩相对地有显著高电阻差异,过去采用电测井法曾顺利的完成了校验钻探的煤层的深度和厚度,寻找钻探所打薄和打丢的可采煤层等地质任务,但对于低电阻煤层、被套管遮蔽的煤层、井内无冲洗液和有高电阻冲洗液时煤层的校验测量等问题均未能解决。山砾岩、石英砂岩和     

福建尤溪剑溪矿区复煤层钻探与测井厚度误差原因分析

煤田勘探中煤层定性、定厚及结构分析主要通过钻探岩、煤芯采取率,测井曲线和煤质化验成果综合判定。主要对剑溪矿区2个钻孔5个复杂煤层,从钻探与测井2个方面对比分析其厚度、煤层结构、煤质等特征,并对测井曲线在煤层定厚过程普遍产生较大误差,甚至出现误判原因进行探讨,从而提高煤田测井中煤层判层、定厚的准确性,更好地为煤炭资源勘查服务     

北京大安山煤矿井下深孔钻探实践

北京大安山煤矿地表只有少数钻孔控制到+550 m水平,为探明下部煤层赋存条件,提高资源储量级别,应用ZDY1000G型全液压坑道钻机、S75绳索取心钻进工艺进行了硐内深孔钻探,完成了坑道内试验钻探孔深505.17 m。随之在2012-2014年共计钻探进尺8237 m,勘探增加资源储量1877.7万t。深孔钻探技术不仅加快了对深部水平煤层的勘探,探明了深部水平煤层赋存条件。为开拓工程部署提供了可靠的地质资料,而且减少了巷探成本,提高了工程效率。本文对井下硐内深孔钻探进行了介绍。     

我国煤矿井下复杂地质条件下钻探技术与装备进展

针对我国煤矿井下碎软煤层、坚硬岩层、冲击地压地层、破碎带、水敏性地层等复杂地质条件下钻探技术需求和存在的问题，总结了碎软煤层本煤层钻进与筛管护孔、碎软煤层梳状钻孔定向钻进、复杂顶板高位钻孔定向钻进、全断面硬岩穿层钻进、冲击地压卸压钻进等技术与装备方面的研究和应用情况。提出了碎软煤层双管护孔定向钻进及碎软煤层旋转定向钻进技术与装备的研究思路，有助于提升碎软煤层钻进的钻孔深度、护孔筛管直径和钻进效率等，而碎软煤层定向钻进技术与配套装备的完善也将促进碎软煤层瓦斯抽采模式的变革。防冲防突钻孔机器人的研究是煤矿井下复杂地质条件下钻探技术与装备的发展趋势，可为无人化矿井建设奠定基础；除此之外，还应着力解决好局部复杂地层对钻进的影响，更好地促进智能化钻探技术装备的进步，为煤矿安全高效生产提供保障。      

基于地质统计学反演预测煤层厚度

受基底影响,永陇矿区2号可采煤层厚度变化范围较大,为0.65~26.79 m。为实现高精度煤层厚度预测,选取该区对地层岩性分辨率较高的自然伽马作为预测属性,并将计算的岩性概率模型作为三维数据约束进行地质统计学反演。通过地质统计学反演得到的岩性数据,区分了煤层和泥岩,成功的预测了煤层的厚度。根据地质统计学反演预测的煤层厚度,可知该区西南部煤层较薄,只有0~5 m;东北部煤层较厚,一般超过20 m。对比地质统计学反演预测的煤层厚度与实际钻探揭露的煤层厚度,可以看出地质统计学反演预测煤层厚度更接近于钻探揭露的煤层厚度,平均准确率达80%以上,其精度高于传统的确定性反演。     

应用反射波动力学特征解释煤层的研究

根据煤层分叉、合并及沉缺等地质模型,建立正演计算模型;并利用计算机技术提取煤层反射波动力学参数,研究上述地质现象对应的地震波形特征,再进行反演来研究煤层及厚度。经钻探验证效果较好。     

大村矿段钻孔下偏心楔补采煤心施工技术

在煤田钻探施工中,经常会出现打薄打丢煤层现象,影响采样化验和对井田的评价。为了准确了解煤层的深度、厚度和采取完整的煤样,保证勘探质量,必须补打斜孔采取煤心,以满足地质设计和煤田勘探钻孔工程煤层质量标准的要求。在川南煤田古叙矿区大村矿段的钻探施工中,采用金刚石绳索取心钻进工艺,摸索并掌握了下偏心楔补采煤心的施工技术。     

皖南采用巷探与探采结合的效益分析

皖南多高山峻岭,绝大多数煤层赋存在山上,倾角45°左右。龙潭煤系一般含煤1～3最上的C煤层在绝大部分地区可采,平均厚度1m左右,最厚达2～3m。解放后,通过大量山地工程和近百万米钻探工程,对本区地质构造、煤系煤层已基本控制。已探明储量1.2亿吨,尚待勘查的储量约有1.3亿吨,它们大多分布在高山区,用钻探很难施工,有的根本上不去。据煤田二队资料,即使是条件较好的地点,1989年钻探每米成本已达120元。由于钻探手段本身的限制,所取得的地质资料有时又不能满足工业评价,因此,有必要将传统的以钻探为主的方法改为与地方联合巷探为主的方法,并采取有偿转让给煤炭生产用户或联营的办法搞活地质队。     

黑石—大山盆地赋煤特征初步探讨

通过收集整理物探、钻探资料,分析了黑石—大山盆地煤层赋存规律,认为在盆地的斜坡地带煤层赋存较好,总结出含煤岩系及煤层的变化规律,指出下一步找煤方向——在黑石东—塔拉站区域及官地镇—大山林场区域。     

宁夏煤田复杂岩层和松散煤层钻探施工技术

阐述了宁夏煤田矿区复杂岩层和松散煤层钻探所遇到的问题，采取的施工方法和钻进措施；分析了各种复杂地层和松散煤层钻头的选型和冲洗液的使用要点。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of