企鹅珍珠贝附壳珍珠养殖研究

在水温为２１．４℃—３１．２℃，盐度为２７．２‰—３６．３‰的环境条件下，进行了企鹅珍珠贝培育附壳珍珠的研究。经２８７天的育珠，成活率８７．５％。在收获的１５个母贝中，植入直径为７～１０ｍｍ的珠核４７粒，佛像模型２个；收获附壳珍珠４０颗，佛像２个，留核率达８５．７％。其中商品珠３５颗，商品珠率为８３．３％。在商品珠中，珠色为银白色的１６颗，占４５．７％；金黄色的１６颗（包括１佛像），占４５．７％；污斑珠３颗，占８．６％。珍珠直径超过１１ｍｍ的有５颗，１０．０～１０．９ｍｍ的有１９颗，９．０～９．９ｍｍ的有９颗，８．０～８．９ｍｍ的仅１颗。抽测珍珠５颗，珠层厚度最大者８６２．５μｍ，最薄者５６２．５μｍ。     

九孔鲍室内流水养殖

设计了陆上室内流水养成池和育苗池进行集约化养鲍。每个养成池７．０ｍ×５．０ｍ×１．８ｍ，放鲍笼１２５４个，每笼放养壳长２ｃｍ的九孔鲍４０￣４５只，投喂新鲜江蓠。经８￣１０个月的饲养，鲍壳长可达６ｃｍ，成活率达７０％￣８５％。     

不同食物与放养水层对九孔鲍生长的影响

采用室内池子多层笼养殖方式,以加工海带、鲜江蓠与Ａ,Ｂ２种片状饲料为饵料,试验了不同食物与不同放养水层对九孔鲍生长影响,结果表明：（１）从壳长增长上,海带与饲料Ｂ近似,各为１１．３与１１．２ｍｍ;其次为饲料Ａ,１０．２ｍｍ;而江蓠最差,仅７．７ｍｍ;（２）在体重增长上,以饲料Ｂ最高,平均每只为３．３ｇ,其次为饲料Ａ与海带,平均每只２．９ｇ,而江蓠仅１．８ｇ;（３）从试验期间所获体重增长比壳长增长看,两种饲料（Ｂ为２９５,Ａ为２８４ｍｇ／ｍｍ）均比两种海藻高（海带为２５７,江蓠为２３４ｍｇ／ｍｍ）;（４）从垂直１１层笼子九孔鲍生长的比较,下层的好于上层,越是下层越好,投喂两种饲料在体重上差别更明显。     

白鲢仔稚鱼食性与生长的初步研究

池塘培育的鲢仔稚鱼（６．８—３２．２ｍｍ）食性可分为浮游动物和浮游植物为主的二个阶段。食性的转化取决于消化系统各器官的发育分化。全长１５ｍｍ左右为食性转化阶段。全长２７．９～３２．２ｍｍ，食性接近成鱼。口宽（ＭＷ）、口高（ＭＨ）与全长（Ｌ）的关系分别为：ＭＷ＝－４０１．９９＋９２．６２Ｌ、ＭＨ＝－２２１．６２＋４９．６６Ｌ；肠长／全长（Ｋ）与全长（Ｌ）的关系为：Ｋ＝－０．１２４８＋０．０７１３Ｌ；第Ⅰ列外侧鳃耙数（ＧＮ）与全长（Ｌ）的关系为：ＧＮ＝－６７．４４＋８．９３Ｌ；全长（Ｌ）体重（Ｗ）和时间（ｔ）的关系分别为：Ｌ＝４．５３７＋１．４１７ｔ、Ｗ＝２．７８５ｅ０．２８７３ｔ。以上回归方程经统计检验均为高度显著相关。     

大珠母贝人工苗工厂化标粗试验

大珠母贝人工苗工厂化分组标粗；室内养殖５４ｄ，贝苗平均壳高从入池时６．６１ｍｍ增长至１３．０８ｍｍ，最大为１４．２５ｍｍ，平均成活率３１．９％，最高达４９．８％。试验结果初步表明：１．大珠母贝岸上室内工厂化养殖不但可行，而且也将是解决当前海上养成困境的一条出路；２．发现自然海区中也存在饥饿死亡现象及死亡潜伏期，反映出海上养殖高死亡率的复杂性；３．人工配合饲料的应用显著提高了贝苗的增长率和成活率，显示出广阔的商业价值。     

东昆仑胜利铁铜矿区二长花岗岩锆石 Ｕ－Ｐｂ定年、岩石地球化学特征及找矿意义

东昆仑祁漫塔格－都兰成矿带是青海省重要的矽卡岩型铁多金属成矿带,胜利矽卡岩型铁铜矿床位于该成矿带东段,其成矿作用与二长花岗岩密切相关,矿体产于二长花岗岩与大理岩接触带的矽卡岩中。地球化学数据显示,胜利铁铜矿床二长花岗岩ｗ（ＳｉＯ２）为 ７１．８４％ ～７４．５０％,ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ）为 ８．０３％ ～８．６１％,明 显 富 碱;Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ 为 １．２８～１．６２,相 对 富 钾;Ａ／ＣＮＫ为０．９５～０．９８,属于准铝质高钾钙碱性Ｉ型花岗岩。岩石总体富集大离子亲石元素 Ｋ、Ｂａ、Ｒｂ和活泼不相容元 素 Ｔｈ、Ｕ,相对亏损高场强元素 Ｔａ、Ｎｂ、Ｐ、Ｔｉ等。样 品 稀 土 元 素 总 量 ｗ（∑ＲＥＥ）＝１３２．７３×１０－６～１８１．３６×１０－６,（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）Ｎ 为７．４０～１１．６７,δＥｕ为０．６７～０．７８,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,具有较明显的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的特征,具 Ｅｕ负 异 常。二长花岗岩 ＬＡ－ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ锆石 Ｕ－Ｐｂ加权平均年龄为（２４０．５±２．８）Ｍａ,形成于中三叠世。综合研究表明,二长花岗岩是阿尼玛卿洋盆向北俯冲,致使壳幔岩浆发生混合,后经侵位、结晶分异形成。      

河南南召水洞岭矿区石英角斑岩岩石化学特征

在野外地质工作基础上,运用岩石地球化学方法,通过主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素研究,探讨了水洞岭矿区石英角斑岩的岩石化学特征、形成环境及其与成矿的关系。研究表明:石英角斑岩的ｗ（ＳｉＯ２）＝７３．１１％～７９．３０％,ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ）＝１．２０％～５．９９％,ｗ（Ｎａ２Ｏ）＝１．５７％～４．６１％,ｗ（Ｋ２Ｏ＋Ｎａ２Ｏ）＝４．８２％～８．６７％,Ｎａ２Ｏ／Ｋ２Ｏ＝０．４５～３．４９,ＡＣＮＫ＝０．９９～１．２５。稀土元素总量ｗ（ΣＲＥＥ）＝７０．１９×１０－６～１９８．７５×１０－６,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,轻重稀土元素分馏明显（（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）Ｎ＝３．６５～８．２０）,Ｅｕ中度至轻度亏损（δＥｕ＝０．５３～０．９６）;大离子亲石元素（Ｒｂ、Ｂａ、Ｔｈ、Ｕ、Ｋ）和 Ｐｂ等元素富集,高场强元素（Ｎｂ、Ｔａ、Ｔｉ、Ｐ）和Ｓｒ等元素亏损。综合表明水洞岭矿区石英角斑岩形成环境类似于洋壳俯冲成因的火山弧环境。      

福建沿海的海面变化及其影响

本文根据福建沿海４个验潮站的验潮资料，计算了各站的局域海平面长趋势变化。结果表明，福建沿海的局域海平面变化速率为１～２ｍｍ／ａ，４个验潮站的平均变化速率为０．９ｍｍ／ａ，最后讨论了海面变化可能引起的次生灾害。     

江汉平原第四系沉积物中砷的垂向分布规律及其对地下水中砷浓度的影响

含水层沉积物是江汉平原地下水中砷的主要来源,沉积物地球化学特征对地下水的水化学具有重要控制作用。为查明江汉平原第四系沉积物中砷的垂向分布及赋存环境,在典型高砷地下水分布区内选取２个深钻（ＪＨ００２孔及 ＹＬＷ０１孔,深度分别为２３０ｍ 和２０１ｍ）采集沉积物样品进行了地球化学分析。结果表明全新统和上更新统含水层沉积物以黏土、粉土、淤泥质黏土、粉砂、细砂为主,指示着弱水动力的沉积环境;２个钻孔沉积物地球化学特征相似,ｗ（Ａｓ）＝２．０～２２．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ（平均９．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）,ｗ（Ｆｅ）＝１１．８～５５．０ｍｇ／ｇ（平均３７．８ｍｇ／ｇ）,ｗ（Ｓ）＝０．１～２．１ｍｇ／ｇ（平均０．４ｍｇ／ｇ）。中、下更新统沉积物岩相变化较大,以砂和砾石居多,局部含有黏土夹层,指示着沉积时较强的水动力沉积环境;其中ＪＨ００２孔沉积物 ｗ（Ａｓ）＝２．７～１６０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ（平 均４０．９ｍｇ／ｋｇ）,ｗ（Ｆｅ）＝２０．１～１７９．５ｍｇ／ｇ（平均５０．５ｍｇ／ｇ）,ｗ（Ｓ）＝０．１～１７．７ｍｇ／ｇ（平均４．９ｍｇ／ｇ）;ＹＬＷ０１孔沉积物砷、铁、硫质量分数均低于ＪＨ００２孔,ｗ（Ａｓ）＝５．２～５６．１ｍｇ／ｋｇ（平 均１６．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ）,ｗ（Ｆｅ）＝１０．９～１１７．５ｍｇ／ｇ（平 均３６．４ｍｇ／ｇ）,ｗ（Ｓ）＝０．３～７．８ｍｇ／ｇ（平均１．８ｍｇ／ｇ）。ＹＬＷ０１孔中、下更新统沉积物颗粒较ＪＨ００２孔更细,所处的水动力条件更弱,砷、铁、硫质量分数均低于ＪＨ００２孔,说明沉积历史环境影响着砷、铁、硫等元素的分布。沉积物地球化学数据聚类分析结果表明全新统和上更新统砷与铁具有显著的相关性,而中、下更新统沉积物砷与硫化物矿物紧密相关。结合不同深度含水层水化学特征差异指示上更新统含水层中含砷铁氧化物的还原性溶解导致浅层地下水中砷的富集,富硫的中、下更新统深层含水层中强还原环境下砷受到硫化物矿物的固定作用难以释放进入地下水中。      

广西田东膨润土矿床地质特征及其利用前景

田东膨润土矿是１９７８年发现，１９８３年勘查评价的一个中型规模矿床。它受右江大断裂控制的第三纪陆相半地堑式断陷盆地（百色盆地）田东凹陷中；矿层赋存于第三系含煤岩系建造的泥岩中，有矿８层，主矿层面积达８．４２ｋｍ￣２，矿体呈层状、似层状与围岩产状一致；矿石有斑脱岩（膨润土）与蒙脱石泥岩两类，具泥质、晶屑凝灰结构与层状、块状构造，矿物成分为蒙脱石（＞７０％）和水云母、水黑云母、石英、长石、缘泥石等，化学成分含量（％）：ＳｉＯ＿２４７～６５．５０、ＴｉＯ＿２０．２４～１．１５、Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３１５．７３～２６．６８、Ｆｅ＿２Ｏ＿３２．７９～６．７９、Ｃａｏ０．８３～１．４３、Ｍｇｏ１．１１～４．１１、Ｋ＿２Ｏ０．６１～２．６４、Ｎａ＿２Ｏ０．１３～０．３７，矿石属性随埋深而异，认为属内陆湖相火山－沉积矿床。指出膨润土具有强的吸水性、膨胀性、胶结性、润滑性、分散性和阳离子交换等物化性能，因此它广泛应用于冶金铸造、钻井泥浆、石油化工、轻工、建筑和衣牧业；由于矿床所处特殊地理位置优势，它的开发利用具有广阔前景。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a