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三门峡市短时暴雨预报方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对三门峡市1997~2001年6~8月雷达资料及地面、高空气象资料统计分析,挑选出4个与短时暴雨相关性较好的预报因子,利用概率回归方法,建立了短时暴雨预报方程. 相似文献
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通过对三门峡市1997-2001年6-8月雷达资料及地面、高空气象资料统计分析,挑选出4个与短时暴雨相关性较好的预报因子,利用概率回归方法,建立了短时暴雨预报方程。 相似文献
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不同天气系统的暴雨雷达回波分析王晓明,刘秀花(吉林省气象台)1前言天气雷达是暴雨天气监测和短时预报的有用工具之一,无论是在区域暴雨的分析及短时预报还是在局地强降水方面,雷达回波都有较好的指示意义。本文根据1983年~1989年6~8月位于长春市内的7... 相似文献
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以6个短时暴雨过程为例,采用空间检验技术对甘肃河东地区短时暴雨预报产品误差进行分析。结果表明:降水概率预报对于系统性降水过程预报准确度明显高于突发性降水过程;短时暴雨预报方法的预报位置较实况偏东偏南,纬度偏差-2.1°~1.3°,经度偏差-0.4°~3.1°;强度较实况偏弱,61%本地预报方法雨强为实况的0%~90%;降水范围较实况偏小,偏小程度最多仅6个格点;强度误差占比最大,其次为范围误差,位移误差最小。预报员可基于本地短时暴雨预报方法对预报误差进行相应的调整。 相似文献
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Concentration time series from FID (flame ionisation detector) sensors and catharometers downstream of an instantaneous release of dense gas contaminants are analysed by statistical methods. For each experiment there are either 50 or 100 replications, thus allowing estimates of statistical properties to be made even though the dispersion is nonstationary. The time history of the first four central moments is estimated, and they are plotted against each other, in the manner suggested by Mole and Clarke (1995). The collapse of the skewness-kurtosis plot onto a universal quadratic curve, similar to that found by Mole and Clarke for continuous releases, is observed. In this paper, we show how this observation is consistent with the form of the pdf postulated by Chatwin and Sullivan (1989). 相似文献
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A procedure is presented to estimate the role of atmospheric stochastic forcing (SF) in El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) simulated by a coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM), in direct comparison to observations represented by a global reanalysis product. SF is extracted from the CGCM and reanalysis as surface wind anomalies linearly independent of the sea-surface temperature anomalies. Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is isolated from SF to quantify its role in ENSO. A coupled ocean–atmosphere model of intermediate complexity is forced with SF, as well as its MJO and non-MJO components, from the reanalysis and CGCM. The role of SF is estimated by comparing the original ENSO in observations and the CGCM with that reproduced by the intermediate model. ENSO statistics in both reanalysis and CGCM are better reproduced when the intermediate model is tuned to be weakly stable than unstable. The intermediate model driven by SF from the reanalysis reproduces most characteristics of observed ENSO, such as its spectrum, seasonal phase-locking, fast decorrelation of ENSO SST during boreal spring, and its lag-correlation with SF. In contrast, not all characteristics of ENSO in the CGCM are reproduced by the intermediate model when SF from the CGCM is used. The seasonal phase-locking of ENSO in the CGCM is not reproduced at all. ENSO, therefore, appears to be driven by SF to a lesser degree in the CGCM than in observations. Characteristics of observed ENSO reproduced by the intermediate model (driven by SF) can be largely attributed to the MJO; which, for instance, is responsible for the fast decorrelation of ENSO SST during boreal spring in both reanalysis and CGCM. The non-MJO component seems to be more responsible than the MJO for erroneous features of ENSO in the CGCM. 相似文献
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夏季东亚季风区水汽输送特征及其与南亚季风区水汽输送的差别 总被引:130,自引:19,他引:111
利用ECMWF所分析的1980~1989年每日各层的水汽和风场资料分析了东亚季风区夏季风的水汽输送特征,并与印度季风区夏季水汽输送进行比较。分析结果表明了东亚季风区夏季水汽输送特征明显不同于印度季风区夏季水汽输送,东亚季风区夏季水汽输送经向输送要大于纬向输送,而印度季风区夏季水汽输送则以纬向输送为主。分析结果还表明东亚季风区由于夏季水汽分布是南边大、北边小,偏南季风气流所引起的水汽平流是湿平流。因此,水汽的辐合主要由季风气流所引起的水汽平流所造成,而印度季风区季风气流所引起的水汽平流是干平流,它利于水汽输送的辐散,水汽的辐合主要是由于风场的辐合所造成。 相似文献
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基于2016-2018年ECMWF模式温度预报和浙江省72个国家基本站观测资料,根据温度日变化特征,采用K-近邻(KNN)回归算法进行误差订正,改进浙江省172 h精细化温度预报。在KNN回归算法中,将模式起报时刻的温度视作“背景”,由模式预报减去起报时刻温度消除“背景”影响,得到温度日变化曲线,通过温度日变化曲线构建差异指标,选取历史相似个例。根据历史相似个例的误差特征,对温度预报进行订正,得到改进的温度预报。检验结果表明,KNN方案的温度预报平均绝对误差较ECMWF和30 d滑动平均误差订正方案(OCF)的分别减小26.2%和5.2%;日最高和最低温度预报误差绝对值小于2℃,准确率较ECMWF的分别提高14.8%和4.3%,较OCF的分别提高3.0%和1.3%。KNN方案对地形复杂地区的温度预报改进效果更为明显,对冷空气活动和夏季高温等天气过程预报改善效果也较稳定。 相似文献
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2005年6月我国南方雨带异常偏南的分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
2005年6月我国南方雨带异常偏南。利用逐日观测资料、NCEP再分析资料以及NOAA-OLR资料对该年6月的天气形势特征和一些主要影响天气系统进行了诊断分析。讨论了西太平洋副热带高压、低层冷空气和水汽输送等与雨带异常之间的关系。结果表明西太平洋ITCZ偏弱,热带气旋少,使西太平洋副热带高压主体长时间偏南。青藏高原南部和低纬洋面上的对流异常,影响该地区季风环流,造成水汽向低纬地区集中,西南季风水汽输送带异常偏南。高层中高纬度异常环流,抑制南亚高压东段脊线北抬,高层西风异常通过动量下传,加强中低层西风锋区,冷空气南下到偏南地区等均是造成雨带异常偏南之原因。 相似文献
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Progress in Semi-arid Climate Change Studies in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This article reviews recent progress in semi-arid climate change research in China.Results indicate that the areas of semiarid regions have increased rapidly during recent years in China,with an increase of 33%during 1994-2008 compared to 1948-62.Studies have found that the expansion rate of semi-arid areas over China is nearly 10 times higher than that of arid and sub-humid areas,and is mainly transformed from sub-humid/humid regions.Meanwhile,the greatest warming during the past 100 years has been observed over semi-arid regions in China,and mainly induced by radiatively forced processes.The intensity of the regional temperature response over semi-arid regions has been amplified by land-atmosphere interactions and human activities.The decadal climate variation in semi-arid regions is modulated by oceanic oscillations,which induce land-sea and north-south thermal contrasts and affect the intensities of westerlies,planetary waves and blocking frequencies.In addition,the drier climates in semi-arid regions across China are also associated with the weakened East Asian summer monsoon in recent years.Moreover,dust aerosols in semi-arid regions may have altered precipitation by affecting the local energy and hydrological cycles.Finally,semi-arid regions in China are projected to continuously expand in the 21st century,which will increase the risk of desertification in the near future. 相似文献
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用辽宁14个台站的常规地面观测记录,统计分析了6~8月各类积云的发生频率及其降水特征,结合沈阳站的探空资料,分析了各类积云的降水能力和人工影响潜力。结果表明:①辽宁夏季积云出现概率很大,每站年均41.5d,占夏季总云日的50%以上;②平均每年每站有11d以上的积云降水,为夏季总降水日数的36.9%;③各地区平均积云降水量占总降水量的33.5%,其中积云暴雨量占总暴雨雨量的43.1%;④有层状云伴随出现的积云、积雨云出现的概率较大,但多数情况降水效率不很高,具有较多的人工增雨作业机会和潜力,可以作为人工催化的主要作业对象。 相似文献