黑龙江省那丹哈达与日本美浓地区古地磁结果对比及意义

在那丹哈达地区采集了中三叠世红色硅质岩样品，古地磁分析测试结果表明。该岩样的磁性特征与日本西南美浓地区时代硅质岩具有相似性，反映了二者是同源同构造环境下的产物，依据沉积地层组合和古地磁数据，那丹哈达和日本美浓地区原为同一地体，而且三叠纪以来的均存在大规模北向位移，同时，古地磁数据还表明了日本海在８０Ｍａ，相当于晚白垩世开始扩张的，致使那丹哈达与日本美浓两地体相互分离。     

地层特征对比研究在地体解析中的意义

不同地区地层特征的对比研究,是地体解析的重要方法之一。在对中国那丹哈达地区和日本美浓地区出露的地层、岩石等进行对比研究后认为,在老第三纪日本海尚未形成之前它们是连在一起的统一的地体。三叠纪时它们在赤道附近生成,侏罗纪—白垩纪时随板块运动增生于亚洲东部大陆边缘,白垩纪—老第三纪时左行剪切北移,新第三纪时因日本海的扩张而分裂移动到现今的位置。     

黑龙江省那丹哈达地体构造初探

从对那丹哈达岭地区的调查研究表明,那丹哈达地区为—由侏罗纪滑动沉积杂岩所组成的中生代地体。<1>本区出露有石炭、二叠纪石灰岩、三叠纪层状硅质岩和枕状基性熔岩及堆积杂岩(主要为单辉岩、辉长岩等)以及侏罗纪的硅质岩、硅质页岩等,其岩石组合基本表现了洋壳特征,可能为远洋沉积;<2>.其中的石炭、二叠纪石灰岩明显地呈透镜状产出于三叠纪和二叠纪硅质岩之中;<3>.从本区出露的硅质岩中分别采到三叠纪晚期(T_3)和侏罗纪中期的放射虫化石;<4>本区与其西侧的双鸭山地体及南侧的延吉地体的岩石组合有明显的不同,尤其是侏罗纪时,那丹哈达地体表现为海相,而其近邻则为陆相或海陆交互相,并含有很好的煤层。     

从板块构造到地体

从板块构造的发生、发展到地体概念的提出，论述了地体解析和拼贴构造，并根据中国东部的地体研究，特别是中国东北那丹哈达地体和日本美浓地体的对比研究，论述了亚洲东部中生代构造发展史，认为在侏罗纪时，亚洲大陆边缘的地体拼贴活动已经开始，形成了拼贴沉积的复合地体；白垩纪时由于大陆边缘的侧向挤压和离散作用，这些地体产生左行运动和变形；早第三纪晚期由于日本海的扩张，形成了弧形的日本列岛。     

那丹哈达地体及周缘中生代变形与增生造山过程

东亚陆缘中生代增生造山过程及变形响应一直以来都是中国区域地质研究的重大课题,也是东亚地质构造演化的一个难点和热点。其中一个最为关键的科学问题就是,古太平洋板块(Izanagi)何时开始启动俯冲?对中生代东亚大陆边缘产生何种影响?那丹哈达地体出露于中国东北,为一套构造混杂岩系,是中国境内由古太平洋板块俯冲-增生形成的唯一证据,为解决这一问题提供了可能。本文通过总结大量前人最新的岩石学、同位素年代学、沉积岩石组合、主干断裂、岩浆活动、古生物及古地磁等资料,试图厘定那丹哈达地体构造属性、增生过程、拼贴时间以及古太平洋板块开始俯冲的时间,并与周缘地体进行对比。结果表明:(1)那丹哈达增生杂岩分为饶河杂岩和跃进山杂岩,饶河杂岩具有洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的特征,不是前人认为的蛇绿岩,可称之为洋岛(海山)杂岩;跃进山杂岩具有洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)的特征,是典型的蛇绿岩,同时暗示古太平洋板块可能于晚三叠世开始启动俯冲,并在136~131 Ma期间就位于现今位置。(2)那丹哈达与日本丹波—美浓—尾足地体都是侏罗纪增生楔,在沉积岩石组合和年龄、放射虫类型及分布、地质构造等特征上都非常相似,在中新世日本海打开之前应是一个统一的超级地体。     

那丹哈达地体与东亚大陆边缘中生代构造的关系

中国黑龙江省境内的那丹哈达地体属于侏罗纪裂解的地体,主要由石炭、二叠纪灰岩和绿片岩、三叠纪层状燧石以及中侏罗世的硅质页岩组成。它们都被包裹在较年轻(晚侏罗世-白垩纪的)碎屑岩中。该地体的地层古生物、岩石以及构造特征完全与日本列岛的美浓地体相同。在日本海形成之前,两个地体曾与西锡霍特阿林地体一起构成一个统一的超地体。与那丹哈达地体和美浓地体十分类似的构造地层地体在琉球岛弧,菲律宾以及婆罗洲也能找到。三叠纪中国大陆拚贴作用完成之后,所有这些地体在晚侏罗世和早白垩世期间沿着亚洲大陆东缘组成了一个增生杂岩带。     

中生代东亚大陆边缘构造演化

摘　要　根据东亚陆缘增生带生物古地理、放射虫时代研究的进展并结合同位素年代及东亚 地区火山活动、构造演化探讨了中生代东亚大陆与古太平洋板块之间的运动学关系及俯冲带 后退特征。中、晚三叠世那丹哈达岭、美浓等地体还位于北纬１２°以内及赤道附近,晚侏罗世 到达中高纬度。东亚活动大陆边缘开始于中侏罗世末,在此之前属转换大陆边缘。洋壳板块 向大陆下俯冲之后,由于地体拼贴引起俯冲带快速、长距离后退。     

那丹哈达岭地层与地体的关系

<正> 位于中国东北隅的那丹哈达岭(实为完达山北段,近年来地质文献中多称为那丹哈达岭),是我国北方唯一出露海相中生代地层的地区。该区森林覆盖面广,全面认识地层有困难;相对出露较多的硅质岩又缺乏大化石;此外对该区构造演化历史的认识也影响了对地层归属的研究。王秀璋(1959)根据放射虫和藻类的研究将地层划分为上三叠统镇江岩     

北祁连地体古地磁新数据及古生代地体南向位移事件的发现

格尔木－额济纳旗地学断面古地磁学研究工作中，在北祁连地体上获得了８个古生代、中生代古地磁新数据。研究结果在明北祁连地体在古生代一直处于北纬低纬度（１０°～１７°Ｎ）地区，并且表现出于古生代明显的南向位移过程。南移幅度为５．５°左右。这与北祁连地区原始陆壳在中奥陶世的强烈拉张及其后期洋壳闭合作用有关。     

黑龙江省东北部勤得利-街津口地区基性侵入岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

1地质概况及样品特征 研究区位于黑龙江省东北部勤得利-街津口地区,大地构造位置处于佳木斯地块和那丹哈达地体的结合部位(图1a).区内主要出露二叠纪和白垩纪的花岗质岩石,以及一套由深海相硅质岩、浊积杂砂岩、泥质页岩和板岩夹层等组成的大岭桥组地层,并将其时代置于上三叠统-下侏罗统[1].近年来,地质学者对区内地层开展了大量...     

The Nadanhada Terrane

Abstract The Nadanhada terrane, a Jurassic disrupted terrane in Heilongjiang Province of China, is principally composed of Permo- Carboniferous limestone and greenstone, Triassic bedded chert and middle Jurassic siliceous shale, all enclosed within younger (presumably Late Jurassic- Early Cretaceous) clastics. Palaeontological and lithological characteristics and structural features of these formations are entirely identical to those of the Mino terrane of the Japanese Islands. Prior to opening of the Sea of Japan, these terranes formed a single superterrane together with the Western Sikhote-Alin terrane. Tectono-stratigraphic terranes very similar to the Nadanhada and Mino terranes are also found in the Ryukyu are, the Philippines and probably in Borneo. All these terranes constituted a belt of accretionary complexes during Late Jurassic and / or Early Cretaceous time along the eastern continental margin of Asia after completion of the Triassic collage of the Chinese continent.     

The mesozoic evolution of the mino terrane, central Japan: A geologic and paleomagnetic synthesis

The Mino tectono-stratigraphic terrane, central Japan, underlain by Permian to Jurassic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of various origins, was formed through accretion processes associated with the Mesozoic sea-floor spreading. This conclusion has been reached mainly from the following reasoning:

1. (1) the entire boundary of this terrane is defined by tectonic belts with high-pressure metamorphic rocks and serpentinized ultramafic rocks,

2. (2) the chemistry and petrology of the Permian greenstones demonstrate their affinity with abyssal tholeiitic and alkalic basalts,

3. (3) the widespread, but chaotic, occurrence of Permian greenstones, Triassic cherts, and Jurassic siliceous shales in the younger Jurassic clastic rocks of this terrane suggests extensive post-depositional mixing of strata,

4. (4) the sedimentology of the Jurassic sandstones strongly suggests that they are turbidity-current deposits supplied from cratonic lands,

5. (5) the South-Pacific type fossil assemblage in the Mino terrane shows strong contrast with the North-Pacific type fossil assemblage of the adjacent terranes,

6. (6) the paleomagnetism of the Permian and Jurassic greenstones, the Triassic cherts, and the Jurassic siliceous shales implies long-distance northward drift in Cretaceous time of these rocks from their original low latitudinal regions.

Along with this northward migration, the Mino terrane was accreted with extensive internal deformation to northeast Asia including the present Hida terrane. Recent accumulation of paleomagnetic and paleontologic data in the Pacific peripheral regions appears to support the existence of many allochthonous terranes which migrated from the equatorial regions. The Mino terane may be regarded as one example of these Circum-Pacific allochthons.     

Provenance of Jurassic accretionary complex: Mino terrane, inner zone of south-west Japan – implications for palaeogeography of eastern Asia

Provenance and tectonic history of the Jurassic accretionary complex, Mino terrane, located in the Inner Zone of south‐west Japan, were studied using sandstone framework composition and mudrock geochemistry. Modal analysis of sandstones shows that the tectonic setting of the source area for the studied Mino terrane clastic rocks was uplifted basement, largely dominated by high‐grade metamorphic terrain composed of quartz and feldspar, especially plagioclase. The textural and mineralogical immaturity, extent of alkali and alkaline earth element leaching, low chemical index of alteration values and depleted rare earth element (REE) contents suggest rapid uplift and erosion within the source terrain and a relatively weak weathering intensity. Factor analysis revealed that grain‐size effects governed compositional heterogeneity in the studied sediments. Provenance of the sediments is interpreted as being plagioclase‐enriched felsic basement rock, such as granodiorite, within a continental margin and evolved arc tectonic setting rather than active volcanic arc. Lack of a contribution from active volcanic arcs may have resulted from the cessation of volcanism during the reorganization of the subducting plate system and/or erosion of arc volcanics and exposure of basement. Considering the previous studies on palaeogeography and palaeocurrent reconstruction, the north‐eastern part of the Yeongnam massif in the Korean Peninsula is interpreted as the most probable source area for the studied turbidites. The results of mixing calculation for Mino terrane sediments suggest that Precambrian leucocratic granite and the basement rock of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin shed large amounts of sediments to the Mino trench, whilst Precambrian granitic gneiss and the Triassic pluton supplied lesser amounts. The results of this study reveal that, although active subduction–accretion processes were occurring, the Mino trench was bordered by continental basement rocks. This knowledge contributes to enhanced understanding of the Jurassic palaeogeography of the east Asia continental margin.     

中国东北地区主要地体古地磁学研究

东北地区由多个地体组成,其运动特征与邻区西伯利亚和华北等板块具有明显差异,有其独特的演化历史。古地磁资料支持将其划为独立构造单元,称之为东北地体群。古地磁资料表明,东北主要地体古生代处在南纬低纬度地区,中生代诸地体共同快速北移,其纬向运移的平均速度约为３．８ｃｍ／ａ。于白垩纪中期就位于现今位置。     

大别山石马地区石榴黑云片麻岩的Sm-Nd、K-Ar年龄及冷却速率

南大别地体中榴辉岩的围岩──石榴黑云片麻岩具有角闪岩相变质矿物组合,其变质温度为525℃,Sm-Nd矿物等时线年龄为(229±3)Ma.黑云母的K-Ar封闭温度为300℃,相应K-Ar年龄为(231±5)Ma.因此该片麻岩在230Ma左右从525℃迅速冷却到300℃以下。然而该区榴辉岩在印支期(221Ma)变质温度为700℃左右,直到134Ma才降至400-450℃。说明该区榴辉岩与该片麻岩具有不同的冷却史。它不支持榴辉岩是原地(in situ)成因的。     

东亚大地构造发展的重要转折

本文根据现实主义原则和现代地质学理论,分析综合了东亚构造地质、古地磁、古生物地理、地质年代学等方面的一些最新研究成果,提出东亚古亚洲洋构造系和古特堤斯构造系向环太平洋主动陆缘的转变最终出现在中侏罗世,著名的燕山运动正是这一重要构造转折的产物。