基于瓦片数据的DEM构建与显示

对于大规模地形而言,地形网格的实时动态绘制速度和质量一直是人们关注的重点。地形漫游在仿真、模拟、虚拟现实、游戏等领域都有广泛的应用。该文在研究多种层次算法的基础上,采用一种地形瓦片重组数据结构的方法实现实时高帧率的绘制大规模地形。分析了地形场景数据管理与实时调度,视相关多层次细节模型与可见性判断以及分层数据组织和瓦片数据绘制等关键问题,并给出了相应的解决方法,改进了视景体裁切重组地形数据的方法。实验结果表明该方法在保持地形逼真的前提下,有很好的绘制网格帧率和实时动态交互效果。     

基于瓦片数据结构的大规模地形构建与显示

地形漫游在仿真、模拟、虚拟现实、游戏等领域都有广泛的应用，但其大规模地形实时动态绘制的速度和质量一直是一个难点。文章主要分析了地形场景数据管理与实时调度、视相关多层次细节模型与可见性判断以及分层数据组织与瓦片数据绘制等关键问题。在研究多种层次算法的基础上，提出了一种实时高帧率绘制大规模地形的瓦片重组数据结构的方法，并改进了视景体裁切重组地形数据的方法。实验结果表明该方法在保持地形逼真的情况下，有很好的绘制网格帧率和实时动态交互的效果。     

大规模三维地形实时漫游关键技术研究

针对大规模三维地形实时可视化在GIS、虚拟现实、游戏、仿真等领域广泛应用的关键技术与难点,介绍了在四叉树地形数据简化算法的基础上,采用数据分块、基于块节点的视景体裁剪、部分数据常驻内存以及边界裂缝消除等实现对大规模地形数据的快速漫游的方法。实验结果表明,该成果能够实现大规模三维地形的实时漫游。     

大规模地形实时可视化算法

大规模地形实时可视化在GIS、虚拟现实、游戏、仿真等领域有着广泛的应用。文中在总结现有地形数据简化算法的基础上,提出了一种基于数据分块、动态调度以及与视点相关的地形实时可视化算法,实现了大规模地形的快速漫游。运用视景体裁剪、三角形条带组织以及边界裂缝消除、视觉光滑处理等手段,提高了地形漫游的效率与可视化效果。     

大规模地形实时可视化算法

大规模地形实时可视化在GIS、虚拟现实、游戏、仿真等领域有着广泛的应用.文中在总结现有地形数据简化算法的基础上,提出了一种基于数据分块、动态调度以及与视点相关的地形实时可视化算法,实现了大规模地形的快速漫游.运用视景体裁剪、三角形条带组织以及边界裂缝消除、视觉光滑处理等手段,提高了地形漫游的效率与可视化效果.     

动态LoD四叉树虚拟地形绘制

大范围虚拟地形场景的实时绘制是当前3D GIS,VR的一个研究热点问题,四叉树数据结构是大范围虚拟地形场景表示的一种有效方式.通过四叉树地形数据结构构建、四叉树节点的视景体可见性选择,实现动态LoD四叉树虚拟地形的绘制.     

视点相关实时LoD地形模型动态构网算法

论述了一种视点相关实时LoD地形模型动态构网算法。基于GRID数据，以直角三角形为基本单元，利用二叉树构建地形的层次结构，兼具GRID与不规则三角网（TIN）的优点；并且解决了模型带来的“裂缝”问题。视景体可见区域多分辨率地形生成时，通过地形面片自身复杂程度、地形面片与视点距离以及地形面片与视线间的方向关系三方面确定该面片的绘制分辨率。实验结果表明，该算法在保持地形场景逼真的情况下，极大地提高了绘制速度，满足了实时交互的要求。     

基于LOD的大规模地形实时绘制方法

提出基于四叉树的LOD实时绘制方法,对LOD模型中的节点评价因子进行了改进,提高了图像的真实感,采取几何形变消除跳跃现象;提出一种新的动态场景调度和快速扫描裁剪的方法,实现了大规模地形漫游的实时性和画面流畅性;引入Ver-tical Skirt技术用于块间裂缝现象的消除,实现了地形块LOD绘制的独立操作;最后在VC++6.0平台上利用OpenGL实现了基于本文算法的地形可视化系统,验证了本文提出的方法可行性。     

利用可编程GPU硬件进行大规模真实感地形绘制

提出了一个用于大地形数据外存可视化的硬件加速的视点相关LOD渲染算法。为了在可视化中实现真实感,把相应的卫星或航空图像纹理应用在地形上,还提出了在保持实时帧速的同时,在地形上显示如建筑物、树木、道路等大量的静态物体集合的高效率的目标处理算法。上述算法已成功地在不同的实际地形数据和卫星影像纹理上进行了测试,测试结果表明,基于可编程GPU硬件的大规模地形绘制速度快、真实感强。     

海量地形数据实时可视化技术研究

针对海量地形数据实时可视化,提出了一种瓦片金字塔模型和线性四叉树索引相结合的地形数据管理模式,利用视景体裁剪和基于分辨率测试的目标瓦片快速搜索算法,实现了地形数据的实时装载,采用基于动态二叉树构网的方法,实现了地形数据的实时绘制.     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.