运动目标轨迹的时空数据模型研究

运动目标的轨迹数据是空间信息系统的重要信息源。只有高效地利用运动目标的轨迹数据,才能更好地掌握多维动态变化的空间环境。本文在介绍了运动目标的概念和国内外研究现状之后,重点分析了运动目标的建模、存储、查询、索引及可视化技术并提出相应的解决方案。最终,实现对运动目标全过程的管理和应用。     

航天任务实时3维可视化仿真

提出了基于对象层次结构的3维几何模型和运动模型建模方法,解决了复杂航天器建模过程中的几何形状的表示问题,并且实现了航天器运动特性的表达与航天器内部部件的运动建模;对实现航天任务3维可视化仿真所涉及到的软件框架、技术方法等作了详细的论述。最后,给出了应用该技术建立的软件在实际应用中的几组试验结果。这些结果表明这项技术能为航天任务的顺利完成提供较好的可视化保障,可以广泛应用于各种航天任务。     

航天任务实时3维可视化仿真

提出了基于对象层次结构的3维几何模型和运动模型建模方法,解决了复杂航天器建模过程中的几何形状的表示问题,并且实现了航天器运动特性的表达与航天器内部部件的运动建模;对实现航天任务3维可视化仿真所涉及到的软件框架、技术方法等作了详细的论述.最后,给出了应用该技术建立的软件在实际应用中的几组试验结果.这些结果表明这项技术能为航天任务的顺利完成提供较好的可视化保障,可以广泛应用于各种航天任务.     

顾及轨迹地理方向的监控视频浓缩方法

针对视频浓缩研究未引入运动目标轨迹地理方向进行分析,所实现的可视化效果不能区分表达不同轨迹方向的运动目标的问题,提出了顾及轨迹地理方向的监控视频浓缩方法。该方法使用单应模型将运动目标轨迹由图像空间映射至地理空间,利用属性阈值聚类（quality threshold clustering,QT）算法对轨迹出入口进行聚类,实现轨迹地理方向分析。在对轨迹进行映射聚类处理的基础上,通过选取虚拟场景视点实现视频浓缩背景构建,生成轨迹类拟合中心线作为运动目标显示轨迹,并通过构建轨迹类表达模型实现运动目标显示排序,最终实现视频浓缩构建。实验结果表明,该方法能依据轨迹地理方向对运动目标进行区分表达,并能灵活调整不同轨迹类的表达策略。     

固始县中小学生乒乓球运动空间格局分析

利用地理信息系统进行体育运动发展状况空间格局及变化趋势分析,以县域范围内中小学生乒乓球运动为例,实现了基于地理信息系统的县域中小学生乒乓球运动空间分布格局可视化及专题制图,发现了固始县中小学乒乓运动的时空发展特性,探讨了GIS技术在地理国情调查等方面的应用价值。     

航空摄影区域可视化软件的设计与实现

介绍了航空摄影区域可视化的设计与实现过程,解决了摄影区域内航片预览、航线划分及有关信息查询等软件的实际问题.实现过程采用了高级软件编程平台VC++6.0及可视化技术,经实用测试达到了设计目标.文中重点陈述了软件的实现步骤、关键技术及特殊情况的解决方案.     

论地球空间信息的3维可视化:基于图形还是基于影像

地球空间信息3维可视化已经和大众化、开放性、可量测、可挖掘一并成为信息化服务的基本要求。基于图形信息的3维可视化和基于影像信息的3维可视化是实现地球空间信息3维可视化的两种主要技术途径,本文结合典型应用实例,对这两类方法的基本原理、技术内涵及表现形式进行概括,比较它们各自的优缺点和适用范围,指出将两者优化组合是当前地球空间信息3维可视化应用的一个显著特征,能在某种程度上实现GIS3维可视化既经济又高效的目标,更好的适应未来空间信息服务需求的多样性。     

导航电子地图的变比例尺可视化

将变比例尺可视化技术应用到导航电子地图可视化中，实现了“近大远小”的“哈哈镜”显示效果。设计了图形、矩形两种不同放大区域，讨论了不同比例尺区域目标的自适应可视化，并根据变比例尺地图变形特点，对距离量算方法进行改进，以克服该种可视化地图距离感弱的缺点。     

航空摄影区域可视化软件的设计与实现

介绍了航空摄影区域可视化的设计与实现过程，解决了摄影区域内航片预览、航线划分及有关信息查询等软件的实际问题。实现过程采用了高级软件编程平台VC 6.0及可视化技术，经实用测试达到了设计目标。文中重点陈述了软件的实现步骤、关键技术及特殊情况的解决方案。     

SVG技术在网络地图数据组织及WebGIS中的应用

讨论网络地图中点、线、面目标的图形可视化技术方案, 给出基于SVG技术的万维网电子地图数据设计与发布的实现模型.     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。