基于Weka的地震数据挖掘系统的设计与实现

基于开源的数据挖掘系统Weka,使用Java语言及面向对象的思想,设计并实现了地震数据挖掘系统。根据地震数据资料的特点,将数据挖掘的核心技术（聚类分析、关联规则分析等）引入到该系统中,其中聚类分析选用DBSCAN作为核心算法,关联规则分析选用Apriori作为核心算法。用户使用该系统只需在交互界面选择相关参数,即可实现调用数据挖掘算法来分析地震数据,发现探索其隐含规律。     

人工神经网络与金刚石钻头配方设计专家系统

介绍了人工神经网络的工作原理，分析了传统专家系统的局限性，阐述了神经网络专家系统的基本构成，设计了金刚石钻头配方设计专家系统的框架，论述了该系统所采用的神经学习算法和理机制，并给出了实际应用示例。     

渠道分水扰动可预知算法设计与仿真

维持控制点水位稳定是保证输水渠道安全有效运行的前提.以控制点水位偏差为主要抑制因子,基于线性二次型(LQR)指标,构建了渠道系统水位偏差、偏差变率和流量控制的全状态空间模型,将加入预测模块的线性二次型算法在渠道系统的全状态空间中进行分析和综合,提出了扰动可预知模型的构造方法.通过脉冲响应测试来加深对算法结构的理解,使用南水北调中线电子渠道平台对算法有效性进行验证,验证结果表明,该算法在渠道运行工况改变后,仍能够维持渠道的稳定运行,算法设计极具潜在的应用价值.     

基于系统动力学的干旱区植被生态需水量预测算法

针对传统的植被生态需水量预测算法中因果关系混乱导致的算法可靠性差的问题,提出基于系统动力学的干旱区植被生态需水量预测算法。利用系统动力学建立水资源动力模型,根据土壤测定数据计算生态需水量相关参数,预测出植被生态需水量。实验结果表明:设计的植被生态需水量预测算法经济效益高、污染负荷小,该算法可靠性高。     

钻孔柱状图中缓冲线绘制技术

介绍了基于钻孔资料的柱状图自动成图技术,阐述了应用数据库方法对钻孔资料进行管理和钻孔柱状图自动成图系统的总体功能、设计思想、实现方法、关键算法及其特点.重点对钻孔柱状图成图过程中绘制缓冲线的关键算法做了详细的叙述.软件实现了对钻孔资料的管理和自动成图,同时以福建省漳州某第四系钻孔的岩性数据为例,说明该系统绘制出的具有缓冲线结构的钻孔柱状图既美观又实用.     

ATP系统位置回路搜索扫描控制算法设计

本文对ＡＴＰ系统位置回路搜索扫描的控制算法进行了比较详细的讨论,并给出了校正算法的差分方程。该算法在实践中得到了验证和应用。     

《岩矿测试》在线投稿审稿系统(http：//ykcs．i3t．com．cn/)

《岩矿测试》在线投稿审稿系统(http://ykcs.i3t.com.cn/)实施作者网上投稿/查稿、专家网上审稿的办刊模式。该系统方便作者投稿、查询稿件进度;方便专家审稿;节省周期和节约成本。为使广大作者和审稿专家能尽快熟悉这种运作模式,有关事项如下。1作者网上投稿(1)点击"投稿人注册",取得"用户名称"和"用户密码"。以后投稿或查稿时均用此用户名和密码。要求尽量详细填写相关信息。(2)输入"用户名称"和"密码",选择身份"投稿人",进入投稿系统,点击左侧"在线投稿",选择"我要投稿",阅读"投稿须知",逐项     

基于OpenCL的显卡加速射线能谱数据处理

极大似然算法在核探测谱线中能够进行全谱解析,可以有效分解能量差为2/3FWHM重叠峰,但是由于该算法计算量大、耗时多而制约实际应用.这里采用OpenCL(Open Compu-ting Language,开放运算语言)平台,在异构系统中利用GPU的并行运算能力,实现RL算法的并行计算.通过测试,在特定平台下该算法可以有效地提高运行效率,运行时间为原有的1/30,提高了该算法的实际可行性.     

PSO-LSSVM模型在位移反分析中的应用

提出了一种基于均匀设计原理、最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)和粒子群优化算法(PSO)的快速位移反分析方法。该方法利用均匀设计和有限差分法获得学习样本,再用粒子群算法搜索最优的最小二乘支持向量机模型参数。并用最小二乘支持向量机回归模型建立反演参数与监测点位移值之间的非线性映射关系,最后用粒子群算法从全局空间上搜索与实测位移最吻合的反演参数。该反演模型利用了粒子群算法高效简单、均匀设计构造高质量小样本以及最小二乘支持向量机的小样本、泛化性能好的特点。将该模型应用于龙滩水电站左岸地下厂房区岩体地应力场的反演分析中,计算结果与实测的位移值和地应力值均吻合较好,说明了该模型在岩土工程快速反演分析中具有良好的应用价值。     

“深时”（Deep Time）研究与沉积学

近百年来全球气候正在经历一次以变暖为主要特征的显著变化,人类文明的发展迫切要求我们对这种变化的发展趋势及其环境与资源效应有更加深入的了解。仅仅对现代和第四纪气候研究是有局限性的,全面了解地球表层及气候系统需要研究整个地质历史时期地球表层系统的发展演化。基于这样一种需求,从沉积记录研究前第四纪地质历史时期的地球古气候变化及重大地质事件,并为未来气候预测提供依据的“深时”（Deep Time）研究计划在国际地球科学界逐渐形成。“深时”研究将聚焦地球气候系统中的重大科学问题,通过地质历史时期极端气候事件探讨气候变化的极限和速率、大气成分和大洋成分变化、大气环流和大洋环流以及生物圈、固体地球与太阳的联系等,最终揭示地球气候系统与地球系统的联系。“深时”研究将通过解译、定年和模拟的基本方法,发展完善大陆科学钻探项目,获得保存良好、高分辨率的沉积记录是重中之重。可以预见,“深时”研究将与“深空”（Deep Space）、“深海”（Deep Sea）和“深部”（Deep Interior）研究计划一样,成为未来国际和国内地球科学重大研究领域。同时,在开展“深时”研究过程中,沉积学也将扮演核心学科的角色发挥重要的作用。     

国际前寒武纪地质年代表划分方案研究进展

传统的前寒武纪地质年代表划分方案以全球标准地层年龄（GSSA）为基础,不代表任何特殊的岩石实体,仅以推测的绝对测年值为界线进行单元划分,脱离了客观的岩石记录和地球演化系统,不利于对前寒武纪地球系统的研究。2004年—2008年前寒武纪划分参考方案,以反映地球历史阶段特征的“关键事件”为界线,创建前寒武纪地层划分的“金钉子”,建立客观的、“自然的” 前寒武纪地质年代表,并且通过全球一级事件群把前寒武纪划分为5个宙,即创世宙、冥古宙、太古宙、过渡宙和元古宙。另外,经过综合分析建议将埃迪卡拉纪归到显生宙。因此,对前寒武纪的研究实际上变为对“前埃迪卡拉纪”的研究,使术语“显生宙”在内涵和应用上更加一致。虽然“参考方案”在一定程度上还仅仅是一个理论框架,需要大量的研究去充实和细化,但是对这两种划分方案的系统研究和对比,可以给我国前寒武纪工作者提供重要的研究思路和方向。     

基于SMS-2411校园固网短信平台的设计与实现

基于SMS-2411的校园固网短信平台利用手机短信及时性,交流能力实现了师生,家长等信息与教育资源的及时沟通与传递,对短信平台的系统结构和短信的收发流程作了详细的分析;提出了短信平台的设计与实现方案,对其软件结构和SMS-2411控制模块设计作了详细的论述。随着系统在我校得到成功的应用和实施,平台为校园一卡通提供卡的自助挂失与解挂,用户密码修改,消费查询等服务,同时成为我校师生信息发布、查询、交流、互动的信息平台,可提高办公效率,实现了移动增值服务,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

A heuristic search method for optimal zonation of well logs

Optimal zonation of well-log data, that is, determining an optimal number of major segments such as waveforms in a log, may be achieved by employing a criterion of minimum variance (within a segment) and a heuristic search of potential boundary (link) points of digitized log data. This new method is based on an algorithm originally devised by D. M. Hawkins and D. F. Merriam in 1973. Their method can be improved by introducing a heuristic search procedure, thereby decreasing computer time by 7- to 50-fold, depending on the number of data points and configuration of the logs. Time saving is proportional to the size of the data set. Three examples—one hypothetical and two real—are used to illustrate the modification of the Hawkins and Merriam algorithm.Presented at the Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Orlando, Florida, 1985.     

An indicator kriging model for investigation of seismic hazard

Time domain probabilistic techniques most often are used for assessment of seismic hazard. Such techniques are based on the historic frequency of ground motion. Hazard is expressed as a probability of experiencing a particular level of seismic activity over a given length of time. One of these techniques utilizes frequency of extreme values for assessment of hazard. The major disadvantage of this technique, however, becomes evident when maximum seismic activity for two consecutive years occurs only a few weeks or months apart. In this case, the extreme value approach overestimates seismic hazard. A new approach for hazard assessment is founded on principles of indicator kriging. This technique evaluates seismic hazard as a simple frequency record, which is more realistic for regions of little to moderate seismicity.     

Reservoir description using dynamic parameterisation selection with a combined stochastic and gradient search

There is a correspondence between flow in a reservoir and large scale permeability trends. This correspondence can be derived by constraining reservoir models using observed production data. One of the challenges in deriving the permeability distribution of a field using production data involves determination of the scale of resolution of the permeability. The Adaptive Multiscale Estimation (AME) seeks to overcome the problems related to choosing the resolution of the permeability field by a dynamic parameterisation selection. The standard AME uses a gradient algorithm in solving several optimisation problems with increasing permeability resolution. This paper presents a hybrid algorithm which combines a gradient search and a stochastic algorithm to improve the robustness of the dynamic parameterisation selection. At low dimension, we use the stochastic algorithm to generate several optimised models. We use information from all these produced models to find new optimal refinements, and start out new optimisations with several unequally suggested parameterisations. At higher dimensions we change to a gradient-type optimiser, where the initial solution is chosen from the ensemble of models suggested by the stochastic algorithm. The selection is based on a predefined criterion. We demonstrate the robustness of the hybrid algorithm on sample synthetic cases, which most of them were considered insolvable using the standard AME algorithm.     

安徽省华北型石炭-二叠纪年代地层划分

依据最新的《中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书》和《中国区域年代地层(地质年代)表说明书》,在区域生物地层对比的基础上,本文重新厘订了安徽省华北型石炭-二叠纪年代地层系统,石炭系二分,二叠系三分。区内石炭系仅沉积上石炭统,二叠系齐全,下二叠统、中二叠统、上二叠统均发育。     

Nearly perfectly matched layer boundary conditions for operator upscaling of the acoustic wave equation

Acoustic imaging and sensor modeling are processes that require repeated solution of the acoustic wave equation. Solution of the wave equation can be computationally expensive and memory intensive for large simulation domains. One scheme for speeding up solution of the wave equation is the operator-based upscaling method. The algorithm proceeds in two steps. First, the wave equation is solved for fine grid unknowns internal to coarse blocks assuming the coarse blocks do not need to communicate with neighboring blocks in parallel. Second, these fine grid solutions are used to form a new problem which is solved on the coarse grid. Accurate and efficient wave propagation schemes also must avoid artificial reflections off of the computational domain edges. One popular method for preventing artificial reflections is the nearly perfectly matched layer (NPML) method. In this paper, we discuss applying NPML to operator upscaling for the wave equation. We show that although we only apply NPML to the first step of this two step algorithm (directly affecting the fine grid unknowns only), we still see a significant reduction of reflections back into the domain. We describe three numerical experiments (one homogeneous medium experiment and two heterogeneous media examples) in which we validate that the solution of the wave equation exponentially decays in the NPML regions. Numerical experiments of acoustic wave propagation in two dimensions with a reasonable absorbing layer thickness resulted in a maximum pressure reflection of 3–8%. While the coarse grid acceleration is not explicitly damped in our algorithm, the tight coupling between the two steps of the algorithm results in only 0.1–1% of acceleration reflecting back into the computational domain.     

地质工程的研究现状及其风险表现

地质工程学在工程地质学研究的基础上发展起来,是工程地质学的新拓展,本文对其国内外研究的现状作了进一步的分析和总结,认为它是研究一个工程系统与诸多自然系统如何实现最佳耦合的一门学科,是在认识自然环境的基础上改造与保护自然环境,实现工程与环境的有机结合,它强调的是以工程措施对地质环境进行改造,并重视对技术方法和作用效果的研究。作者在分析地质工程研究现状的基础上,从工程实践的角度,探讨了地质工程的应用领域范围并把它分为：地下建筑地质工程、地面建筑地质工程和区域地质环境治理工程三大类型。文章认为整个地质工程系统具有时间维度和空间维度两大基本特征,在时间维度上主要表现为自然系统的客观存在性和人们认知能力的有限性,在空间维度上主要表现为系统作用域的风险性,在此基础上进一步探讨了其风险特征。     

Nonlinear Inversion of Potential-Field Data Using an Improved Genetic Algorithm

The genetic algorithm is useful for solving an inversion of complex nonlinear geophysical equations. The multi-point search of the genetic algorithm makes it easier to find a globally optimal solution and avoid falling into a local extremum. The search efficiency of the genetic algorithm is a key to producing successful solutions in a huge multi-parameter model space. The encoding mechanism of the genetic algorithm affects the searching processes in the evolution. Not all genetic operations perform perfectly in a search under either a binary or decimal encoding system. As such, a standard genetic algorithm (SGA) is sometimes unable to resolve an optimization problem such as a simple geophysical inversion. With the binary encoding system the operation of the crossover may produce more new individuals. The decimal encoding system, on the other hand, makes the mutation generate more new genes. This paper discusses approaches of exploiting the search potentials of genetic operations with different encoding systems and presents a hybrid-encoding mechanism for the genetic algorithm. This is referred to as the hybrid-encoding genetic algorithm (HEGA). The method is based on the routine in which the mutation operation is executed in decimal code and other operations in binary code. HEGA guarantees the birth of better genes by mutation processing with a high probability, so that it is beneficial for resolving the inversions of complicated problems. Synthetic and real-world examples demonstrate the advantages of using HEGA in the inversion of potential-field data.