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钢筋混凝土框架柱的变形能力及基于性能的抗震设计方法 总被引:9,自引:5,他引:4
框架柱的变形能力主要取决于轴压比和约束箍筋用量,本文建立了柱塑性铰区配箍特征值λcv,轴压比n及塑性铰极限转动量θplc^u之间的函数关系,即λcv-n-θplc^u关系式,并与柱试验数据进行了对比,计算公式与试验结果在平均意义上吻合很好。文中推导了柱截面λcv-n-μcφ关系式,建立了配箍特征值λcv、轴压比n、柱曲率延性μcφ之间的关系。在本文公式的基础上,讨论了按现行抗震设计规范最小配箍要求的RC框架柱所达到的最大变形能力,同时指出规范的构造要求并不总满足特定的变形要求。文中提出了框架柱的性能设计方程,给出了框架柱在指定性能目标DI下基于性能的抗震设计方法的基本过程。 相似文献
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首先介绍了圆钢管混凝土中核心混凝土极限压应变的计算方法,通过参数分析,给出了核心混凝土极限压应变的限值。在此基础上,建立了截面极限曲率的计算公式,给出圆钢管混凝土截面延性系数的计算方法,并对有关影响因素进行分析,最后给出延性系数的建议值。研究进一步表明,圆钢管混凝土具有良好的抗震性能。 相似文献
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考虑场地类别与设计分组的延性需求谱和弹塑性位移反应谱 总被引:46,自引:13,他引:33
非线性反应谱是基于性能的抗震设计理论中亟待解决的基础性课题之一。本文将四种场地类别上的641条地震记录,按我国现行抗震规范设计分组的要求分为12组,对大量具有不同屈服强度系数的单自由度体系作了弹塑性时程分析。研究了结构强度水平、周期、场地类别以及设计分组等因素对延性需求的影响。结果表明,在给定屈服强度水平下结构的延性需求强烈地依赖于场地条件、设计分组等因素。对于短周期结构,延性需求随场地土变软而增大,同类场地随设计分组特征周期增大而增大。通过非线性回归分析,建立了与场地类别、设计分组相对应的延性需求谱μ-ξy-T的计算公式。在此公式的基础上,结合现阶段抗震设计规范构建了弹塑性位移反应谱,可用于结构弹塑性位移需求的简化计算,同时讨论了弹塑性位移反应谱的基本特点。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(3)
目前在高耸混凝土烟囱结构抗震设计和抗震性能评估中,由于缺乏合适的计算模型,一般采用刚性地基假定而忽略土-结构相互作用效应,或者采用传统的集中参数模型而忽略土的非线性特性。针对此不足,本文选用240 m高的钢筋混凝土烟囱作为研究对象,采用OpenSees程序,基于非线性文克尔地基梁模型和基于柔度法的分布塑性梁柱单元,建立了土体-基础-上部结构共同工作的整体非线性有限元分析模型,详细介绍了非线性文克尔地基梁模型主要参数的确定方法;研究了地基土非线性对高耸烟囱结构地震反应的影响,给出了考虑土-结构相互作用效应后结构周期、上部结构的内力和变形分布的变化规律。分析结果表明:考虑土-结构相互作用后,结构的自振特性、内力及节点位移都发生了不同程度的改变;考虑土体非线性特性的土-结构相互作用模型,峰值截面弯矩、剪力及截面曲率延性系数与不考虑土-结构相互作用时的结果之比分别介于0.921~1.219、0.732~1.29和0.822~1.536;而不考虑土体非线性特性的土-结构相互作用模型,峰值截面弯矩、剪力及截面曲率延性系数与不考虑土-结构相互作用时的结果之比分别介于0.838~1.578、0.92~1.76和0.656~2.831。不考虑土体非线性特性的土-结构相互作用模型的峰值截面弯矩、剪力及截面曲率延性系数的取值总体上较大,高估了烟囱结构在地震荷载作用下的内力需求。 相似文献
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从基于性能的抗震设计理念出发,给出了客运专线桥梁结构的性能目标及各性能水准下的桥墩地震破损描述,明确并量化了桥墩各抗震性能目标的验算内容。给出了小震不坏及可控制中震损伤的验算方法,简化能力谱法计算位移延性系数,指出了大震时最大位移验算的不足,讨论了桥墩大震时地震损伤指数的计算与验算,通过算例详细介绍了基于性能的抗震设计方法与过程。 相似文献
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详细论述了结构分灾抗震设计的产生背景、设计思想、优化模型和基本原则,指出结构分灾设计是在分析基于投资—效益准则的结构抗震设计模型的基础上,对工程实践中一些成功经验的提炼和概括而形成的设计方法,工程领域中一些现行设计方法和措施就是分灾设计的具体应用。当工程师们待处理的问题必须考虑高度不确定性因素时,将分灾设计作为一种可能选用的设计理念,将有助于工程师们实现设计创新。分灾设计符合基于性能的抗震设计思想,可以方便地实现基于性能的设计。 相似文献
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胡聿贤 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2003,2(1):35-38
Current design criteria and principles of earthquake engineering design are reviewed, including safety factors, probabilistic
approach, and two-level and multi-level functional design ideas. The modern multi-functional idea is discussed in greater
details. When designing a structure, its resistance to and the intensity of the earthquake action are considered. The consequence
of failure of the structure is considered only through a rough and empirical factor of importance, ranging usually from 1.0
to 1.5. This paper suggests a method of “consequence-based design,” which considers the consequences of malfunctioning instead
of simply an importance factor. The main argument for this method is that damage to a structure located in different types
of societies may have very different consequences, which are dependant on its value and usefulness to the society and the
seismicity in the region. 相似文献
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The seismic design provisions of most building codes in the United States specify ground motion parameters for various regions of the country and provide simple formulae to determine a distribution of lateral forces for which the structure should be designed. Although the code provisions are very simple to use, they oversimplify a complex problem and are based on many implicit assumptions which many designers may not appreciate. Furthermore, the reliability of the final design is not easily determined. This paper describes a reliability-based seismic design procedure for building structures. It is a performance-based design procedure which requires the designer to verify that a particular structural design satisfies displacement-based performance criteria. An equivalent system methodology and uniform hazard spectra are used to evaluate structural performance. The performance criteria are expressed in probabilistic terms, and deterministic design-checking equations are derived from these criteria. The design-checking equations incorporate design factors (analogous to load and resistance factors) which account for the uncertainty in the seismic hazard, the uncertainty in predicting site soil effects, and the approximate nature of the simplified models of the structure. The alternative procedure should enable designers to achieve code-specified target performance objectives for moderate and severe levels of earthquake excitation. 相似文献
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对《建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)》的评述 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
《建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)》(以下简称《通则》)是一部对我国抗震设计规范修订具有重大指导意义的试用标准.本文对《通则》和现行规范的某些不同和改进之处进行了比较,讨论了《通则》所具有的先进性和行业指导性,同时也对应用《通则》的原理,对修订和完善下一代规范还需要研究的问题提出了若干建议. 相似文献
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在前文模型试验的基础上 ,本文总结归纳了隔震桥梁的设计方法与设计流程 ,着重论述探讨了隔震桥梁的概念设计与细部构造设计应注意的问题 相似文献
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Consideration of vertical seismic design loads is important for long-span structural systems, short-period structures, and for some nonstructural components in the buildings. To this end, seismic design codes utilize alternative approaches to define vertical design spectrum at different levels of complexity: either as a fraction of horizontal design spectrum or using a separate functional form having features different than the horizontal spectrum. In all cases, a consistency between the horizontal and vertical design spectral ordinates is sought. In this paper, we consider a set of modern seismic design codes, horizontal and vertical ground-motion datasets, as well as ground-motion predictive models (GMPMs) to assess the accuracy of code-based vertical design spectrum expressions. We compute horizontal and vertical spectra for different earthquake scenarios (magnitude-distance-soil condition combinations) from the selected horizontal and vertical GMPMs for comparisons with their code-based (idealized) counterparts. Besides that, we study the vertical spectrum behavior from observed ground-motion data. Our observations suggest that the vertical design spectrum formulations by current codes do not fully explain the actual vertical spectral acceleration trends. We discuss the possible reasons behind the misrepresentation of vertical spectrum by the current code approach and introduce our own expressions to compute horizontal spectrum consistent vertical design spectrum from a comprehensive simulated dataset of correlated vertical and horizontal spectral ordinates. 相似文献
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《建筑工程抗震性态设计通则(试用)》对抗震设计具有重要的指导意义,其中的抗震设计理念同以往的抗震设计规范在抗震设防的思路、概念和方法上有较大的区别。从工程实践的角度,比较了《通则》和现行抗震设计相关规范的区别并对具体应用提出一些看法。 相似文献