| 老挝稀土资源特征及勘查开发前景 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕亮,王思德,俎波,刘江涛,张广强.老挝稀土资源特征及勘查开发前景[J].地质科技通报,2022,41(3):20-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕亮 王思德 俎波 刘江涛 张广强 |
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| 摘 要： | 稀土是世界各国的战略性关键金属矿产资源，而中重稀土尤为重要。老挝境内分布着大量不同时代花岗岩类，且气候湿热多雨，风化作用强烈，为离子吸附型稀土矿的形成创造了有利条件。为查明老挝稀土资源成矿地质特征和资源分布特征，分析其投资开发前景，对整个老挝境内开展了大量系统的野外调研及相关分析测试工作，并且汇总了老挝稀土资源勘查工作进展。研究结果表明，老挝稀土资源成矿特征可类比中国南方地区，属于典型的风化壳淋积型矿床，矿体主要富集于花岗岩类风化壳全风化层，盖层厚度相对中国较大。矿体呈层状、似层状和透镜体状，厚度数米到二十多米。离子相稀土平均品位为0.4‰~0.7‰，大部分稀土配分模式同江西赣州信丰稀土矿相似，属富集中重稀土元素的中钇富铕型。老挝稀土资源主要分布于北部的川圹省和华潘省，预计两省稀土资源总量可达到60万t。随着老挝稀土政策的开放和中国稀土战略的逐步完善，投资开发老挝稀土资源，建立稀土资源的海外战略基地，可以长期稳定地支撑中国对离子吸附型稀土资源的需求，同时也可以为加强两国合作、共建中老命运共同体做出突出贡献。
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| 关 键 词： | 老挝 离子吸附型稀土矿 稀土资源 矿床特征 勘查进展 开发前景 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-22 |
Rare earth resources in Laos: Characteristics and the prospects for exploration and development |
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| Abstract: | Rare Earth Elements are strategically critical metals of all countries in the world with the medium and heavy REEs are particularly important. A large number of granitoids of different ages are distributed in Laos. In this region, the climate is humid, hot and rainy, resulting strong weathering that is favorable for the formation of ion-adsorbed REE deposits. In order to identify the geological characteristics and distribution of Laos′ rare earth resources, and to analyze its investment and exploitation prospects, this study carried out systematic field investigations and related analyses throughout the country, as well as summarizing the progress of recent REE exploration in the region. The results show that the metallogenic characteristics of REE in Laos are comparable to those in southern China, which belongs to a typical weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore(WCED-REO). The orebodies are mainly concentrated in completely weathered layers of granitoid, and the cap layers are relatively thicker than those of southern China. The ore bodies are stratiform and lentoid, with thicknesses of several meters to 20 meters. The average grades of ionic phase rare earth range from 0.4‰ to 0.7‰. Most of them have REE ditributional patterns similar to those of the Xinfeng REE mine in Ganzhou and Jiangxi, which belong to the middle yttrium rich europium type. The rare earth resources of Laos are mainly distributed in the northern parts, such as the Xieng Khouang and Huaphane provinces. The total rare earth resources of the two provinces are estimated to be up to 600, 000 tons. With the opening of Laos′s rare earth policy and the gradual improvement of China′s rare earth strategy, investment in the exploitation of Laos rare earth resources and establishing an overseas strategic base for rare earth resources can support China′s demand for ion-adsorbed rare earth resources in a long-term and stable manner. Meanwhile, it can also facilitate mutual cooperation in mineral resources, significantly contributing the future of both countries. |
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