| GF-2遥感数据在盖孜河流域典型第四纪地层调查中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张志军,徐马强,王明,李显巨,董玉森,陈伟涛,吴春明,王力哲.GF-2遥感数据在盖孜河流域典型第四纪地层调查中的应用[J].地质科技通报,2021,40(6):302-312. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张志军 徐马强 王明 李显巨 董玉森 陈伟涛 吴春明 王力哲 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局地质调查项目DD20191016高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项GFZX0404130302 |
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| 摘 要： | 国产高分辨率卫星遥感技术的发展为第四系宏观、局部及细部特征调查提供了新的手段。中巴经济走廊东段地区分布较多的冲洪积扇、河谷阶地、冰川堆积等地貌类型，为了研究国产高分数据在该地区第四纪地质调查中的适用性，以高分二号（GF-2）影像为主要数据源，借助数字高程模型构建三维场景，选取中巴公路沿线盖孜河流域乌鲁阿特山前冲洪积扇、盖孜河河谷阶地与克拉牙依拉克冰川堆积物3处典型第四纪地层为研究对象，建立了遥感解译标志，并进行了精细尺度遥感解译；经过野外实地验证，查明了其物质组成与变化规律，修正了前人关于克拉牙依拉克冰川不同期次冰碛物的划分范围；通过对盖孜河河谷阶地分析，盖孜河流域晚更新世以来经历了至少5次阶段性构造抬升，阶地基座冰碛物至少由两期冰川作用形成。研究表明，GF-2影像能快速从宏观尺度上识别地貌、松散堆积物变化特征，能够看到常规方法无法观察到的地质现象；满足大比例尺解译、制图要求，特别是在微地貌识别以及第四纪地层解译中，能够提升精细地质解译水平。研究成果能为盖孜河流域河流、冰川的发展演化过程研究提供基础地质资料，为中巴公路沿线第四纪土体遥感调查提供典型案例。
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| 关 键 词： | 遥感 第四纪 中巴公路 冲洪积扇 阶地 冰碛物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-09-28 |
Application of GF-2 remote sensing data for typical Quaternary stratigraphic survey in Gaizi River Basin |
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| Abstract: | The development of domestic high resolution remote sensing satellite technology provides a new means for the investigation of macroscopic, local and detailed characteristics of the Quaternary.Alluvial-diluvial fans, valley terraces, glacial deposits are widely distributed in the eastern section of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. In order to study the applicability of domestic high-resolution data in the Quaternary geological survey of this region, the alluvial and flood fan in front of Uruat mountain along Gaizi River basin of China-Pakistan highway and three typical Quaternary strata of Gaizi River valley terrace and Kraguirake glacial moraine were selected as the research objects in this study.Using domestic GF-2 images as the main data sources, with the aid of digital elevation model data, the remote sensing interpretation marker was established, and the fine geological interpretation was carried out.The composition and variation were found out through field verification.The previous distribution range of different periods of glacial moraines in Kailaillak was revised.Based on the analysis of the terrace in Gaizi River valley, the study area experienced at least five stages of tectonic uplift since late Epipleistocene, and the terrace base was formed by at least two stages of glaciation.This study shows that GF-2 images can not only quickly identify the change characteristics of landforms and loose deposits at macro scale, but also it can get geological phenomena that cannot be observed by conventional methods.And then it can meet the requirements of large scale interpretation and cartography.Especially in the identification of micro-geomorphology and interpretation of Quaternary strata, it can improve the level of fine geological interpretation.Research results can provide basic geological data for understanding the development and evolution process of fluvial and glaciation in the Gaizi River basin.Besides, this study can provide a typical example for remote sensing investigation of Quaternary soil mass along the China-Pakistan highway. |
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